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Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners in California Maggi Kelly Shasta Ferranto Lynn Huntsinger

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Page 1: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners in California

Maggi KellyShasta FerrantoLynn Huntsinger

Page 2: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

Shasta Ferranto

Title: Private Lands, Public Goods: Engaging Landowners in Ecosystem Management

Some of Shasta’s Publications:Plieninger, Ferranto, Huntsinger, Kelly, and Getz. Appreciation, use, and management of biodiversity and ecosystem services in California’s working landscapes. Environmental Management

Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider the source: The impact of media and authority in outreach to California’s forest and rangeland owners. Journal of Environmental Management 97(1): 131‐140

Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Nakamura, Stewart, Drill, Valachovic, DeLasaux and Kelly. Forest and rangeland owners value land for natural amenities, and as financial investment. California Agriculture

Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, and Kelly. Out of sight, out of mind? A comparison of absentee, local, and residential landowners in California’s Forest and Rangelands. To be submitted to Landscape and Urban Planning

Graduated from ESPM Summer 2012, and is currently a Presidential Management Fellow working as a Planning & Environmental Analyst for the Bureau of Land Management in Washington, D.C.

Page 3: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

3(FRAP Report 2003)

California Forest & Range Lands90 million acres total

– Conifer and Hardwood Forests

– Conifer and Hardwood Woodlands

– Shrubs

– Grasslands

– Desert Shrub and Woodlands 

– some Wetlands

Page 4: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

4

Land Ownership in California

• All California: 

50% Private

• Forest & Range:

42% Private

(33.6 million  acres)

Page 5: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

5

Why do we care about Private Land?

• Ecosystem Services

• Habitat for wildlife, and 

endangered species

• Biodiversity

• Connectivity: Individual 

decisions add up to 

cumulative impacts

Page 6: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

Why do we care about Private Land?Scott, Standiford, Pratini

(1995). California Agriculture 

49(6): 50‐57

6

Page 7: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

Ecosystem Management

• Management in context of landscape‐scale ecological processes

• Cross‐jurisdictional problem solving and management

• Humans as ecosystem components

(Christensen et al. 1996, Yaffee 1996)77

Page 8: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

Cross‐Boundary Cooperation

• Requires voluntary behavior

• Landowners account for the plans and practices of adjacent or nearby properties

• Requires willing landowners

(Bergmann and Bliss 2004, Kittredge 2005, Gass et al. 2009, Rickenbach et al. 2011)

8

Page 9: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

Research Questions

• Who are these owners? Can we place them in a common typology?

• Management Practices: Can ownership motivations be used to predict landowner behavior? 

• Cooperative Extension: Where do landowners get trusted advice?

9

Page 10: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

Landowner Survey

• Forest & Rangeland

• Parcels > 3 acres

• 10 Counties

• 46% Response Rate 

1010

ED001

Page 11: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

10 Counties Sampled

1111

Page 12: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

Q1: Landowner Typology

• We used “Market Segmentation”, or cluster analysis techniques

• We are looking for a grouping of landowners that respond  similarly to a set of questions

1212

Page 13: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

Cluster Analysis

1313Analyzed in STATA 11.0

Ownership Motivations (17 variables)

4 Factor Score Variables

4 Landowner Groups

Factor Analysis

Hierarchical Cluster Analysis

Page 14: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

We Found Four Clusters of Landowners

1414

050

010

00L2

squa

red

diss

imila

rity

mea

sure

G1n=4

G2n=3

G3n=2

G4n=2

G5n=4

G6n=6

G7n=6

G8n=2

G9n=3

G10n=4

G11n=5

G12n=4

G13n=8

G14n=3

G15n=8

G16n=8

G17n=16

G18n=8

G19n=5

G20n=8

G21n=7

G22n=3

G23n=2

G24n=2

G25n=2

G26n=6

G27n=2

G28n=4

G29n=3

G30n=2

G31n=11

G32n=12

G33n=8

G34n=5

G35n=9

G36n=7

G37n=4

G38n=11

G39n=11

G40n=9

G41n=4

G42n=11

G43n=6

G44n=4

G45n=6

G46n=5

G47n=3

G48n=7

G49n=7

G50n=4

G51n=3

G52n=2

G53n=2

G54n=2

G55n=2

G56n=4

G57n=6

G58n=4

G59n=4

G60n=5

G61n=3

G62n=4

G63n=3

G64n=5

G65n=5

G66n=5

G67n=6

G68n=8

G69n=13

G70n=8

G71n=10

G72n=11

G73n=7

G74n=6

G75n=7

G76n=6

G77n=5

G78n=6

G79n=2

G80n=3

G81n=5

G82n=3

G83n=4

G84n=6

G85n=2

G86n=9

G87n=4

G88n=5

G89n=3

G90n=7

G91n=6

G92n=6

G93n=5

G94n=2

G95n=3

G96n=3

G97n=4

G98n=2

G99n=3

G100n=2

Dendrogram for wardslink_all13 cluster analysisCluster Dendrogram1. Rural Lifestyle 

2. Working Landscape

3. Natural Amenity

4. Financial Investment

Page 15: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

15

We Investigated Several Management Practices

Page 16: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

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Management Practices

Percent Landowners

Differences between groups significant p< 0.05, except when indicated by *

Page 17: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

Q2: Cross‐Boundary Cooperation

• 15 part question about cooperation

• Three general topics: Fire Hazard, Wildlife, Insect/Disease Outbreaks

• Possible partners: Neighbors, local agencies, state agencies, federal agencies

1717

Page 18: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

2.8

3.2

3.6

4.0

4.4

Neighbor Local planningAgency

State Agency Federal Agency

NA

WL

RL

FI

Wildlife Areas and Corridors

1818

Increasing agreement

Differences between groups and partners significant p< 0.05

Page 19: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

2.8

3.2

3.6

4.0

4.4

Neighbor Resource ConservationDistrict

Federal Agency

NAWL

RL

FI

Insect & Disease Outbreaks

1919

Increasing agreement

Differences between groups and partners significant p< 0.05

Page 20: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

3.2

3.6

4.0

4.4

4.8

Neighbor Local PlanningAgency

CalFire Federal Agency

NA

WLRLFI

2020

Increasing agreement

Fire Hazard

Differences between groups and partners significant p< 0.05

Page 21: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

21

Q3: Landowner Outreach

• Many organizations provide information to landowners

• Goal: What is the extent and impact of current landowner outreach?Inorder to inform future outreach.

Page 22: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

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Outreach Providers

• In the last 5 years did you get information about land management from the following organizations?

• If yes, please rate the quality of the advice(5‐point Scale, very low to very high)

Page 23: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

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Quality of Advice Varies by Source

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Impact Groups: UCCE is Valued

Page 25: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

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Key Findings: Owner Typologies

• Typologies matter: there are differences among landowners in terms of motivation for ownership and land management practices

• Working landscape owners most likely to implement active management

• …except for fire hazard

• Financial Investment least likely to implement active management

Page 26: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

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Key Findings: Cross‐boundary cooperation• Landowners are supportive of cross‐boundary cooperation.

• Cooperative efforts may be more successful if:

– implemented at a local level

–with relevant topics

Page 27: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

Key Findings: Outreach

• Landowners are interested in advice and willing to pay for it

• Advice can’t be separated from its source –regulatory agencies don’t give “good” advice

• Large property owners receive the most advice

• Information needs to come in multiple formats to reach the most people

Page 28: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

Implications for Land Change Science

This kind of work helps us improve our understanding of the complex feedbacks between the societal and environmental components of the integrated land system, and has ramifications for land systems in California 

Page 29: Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of Private Landowners ... · Sustainable Ecosystems and the Role of ... Ferranto, Huntsinger, Getz, Stewart, Nakamura, and Kelly. 2012. Consider

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Acknowledgements• Lead Analysis:

Shasta Ferranto

• Survey Team:Lynn Huntsinger, Christy Getz

• Project Team:Gary Nakamura, Bill Stewart, Sabrina Drill, Yana Valachovic, Mike De Lasaux, Sherry Cooper, Dean Cromwell, Maggi Kelly