sustainable enviroment in mongolia

Environmentally Sustainable Transport in Ulaanbaatar City

Mongolia

Tsogt BATBAYARTsogt BATBAYAR

Capital City Governor and Mayor of Capital City Governor and Mayor of UlaanbaatarUlaanbaatar

Contents of PresentationContents of Presentation

1. Basic statistics of Ulaanbaatar

2. Overview of Transports in Ulaanbaatar

3. Environmental challenges facing Ulaanbaatar

4. The measures being taken in EST in Ulaanbaatar

5. The challenges facing for promoting EST in Ulaanbaatar

6. The strategies for promoting EST in Ulaanbaatar

Gashuunsukhait

Altanbulag

Khandgait

DARKHAN

DALANZADGAD

Khanbogd

DORNOGOVI

TUV

DUNDGOVI

MANDALGOVI

SUKHBAATARBichigt

Khavirga

DORNOD

Ereentsav

KHOVD

Yarant

Dayan

Ulaanbaishint

ULGII

OMNOGOVI

ZAVKHAN

GOVI-ALTAI

Burgastai

CHOIR

MURUN

BAYANKHONGOR

OVORKHANGAI

BAYANKHONGOR

Khankh

ERDENET

TSETSERLEG

ARVAIKHEER

ARKHANGAI

KHUVSGUL

BAYAN-ULGII

ULAANGOM

ULIASTAI

KHOVD

UVS

BULGAN

SAINSHAND

CHOIBALSAN

BARUUN-URT

UNDURKHAANZUUNMOD

KHENTII

SELENGEBULGAN

Zamiin-Uud

ALTAIGOVISUMBER

ULAANBAATAR

Baga-IlenkhArts suuri

1. Basic statistics of Ulaanbaatar

1.1. LOCATION OF CITIES

1.2. Ulaanbaatar – The Capital City of Mongolia1.2. Ulaanbaatar – The Capital City of Mongolia

• Territory – 470.444 ha, ca 0.3% of total territory

of Mongolia (156 426 424,6 ha)

• Administrative Districts: - 9

• Population: 987,200– 38.2% of the total population of

Mongolia

• Over 57% of the GDP is produced in the Capital City

• Ulaanbaatar City makes up one third of the Mongolian Government’s budget

1.3. Urbanization and population of UB1.3. Urbanization and population of UB

14.0

22.325.2 26.8

32.7 33.3 34.2 35.7 36.738.537.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1956

1969

1979

1989

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

population of urban area UB

Rat

e of

UB

pop

ula

tion

to

the

tota

l pop

ula

tion

of

Mon

goli

a, b

y %

1.4. GDP per capita in 1.4. GDP per capita in UlaanbaatarUlaanbaatar

251.7321.1351.1392.3426.2460.1504.6547.2

717.8

1100 1100

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

UB MongoliaUSD

2.1. POPULATION AND VEHICLES IN UB

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

1990 2000 2005 2010 2015

Years

Pop

ula

tion

, th

ousa

nd

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Veh

icle

, th

ousa

nd

Population

Vehicle

2. OVERVIEW OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN ULAANBAATAR

2.2. CITY PUBLIC TRANSPORT2.2. CITY PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODES MODES

2.3. Increasing of vehicles and road 2.3. Increasing of vehicles and road extensionsextensions

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004

Years

Roa

d le

ngth

, km

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

Num

ber

of v

ehic

les

Road length, km Number of vehicles

2005

450 90000

Usage Usage duration duration / years // years /

Number and Number and percentage of percentage of

big and medium big and medium sized buses sized buses


small sized small sized busesbuses


taxistaxis

Up to 3Up to 3 37 37 (5. (5.33%)%) 9 9 (0.4%)(0.4%) 8 8 (0.6%)(0.6%)

3.13.1 - 7 - 7 47 47 ((6.76.7%)%) 21 21 (0.8%)(0.8%) 425 425 (29.4%)(29.4%)

7.1 –7.1 – 10 10 223311 (3 (333%)%) 230 230 ((99.5%).5%) 703703 (48.7%) (48.7%)

10.110.1 -- 15 15 26262 2 (3 (377..55%)%) 1970 1970 (81.0%)(81.0%) 307 307 (21.3%)(21.3%)

More than More than 1515

122122 (1(17.57.5%)%) 201201 (8.3%) (8.3%) --

ResultResult 6699 99 (100%)(100%) 2431 2431 (100%)(100%) 1443 (100%)1443 (100%)

2.4. Usage duration of big, medium and small sized buses

3. Environmental challenges in Ulaanbaatar

3.1. Air pollution3.1. Air pollution

3.2. Soil pollution3.2. Soil pollution

3.2. Water pollution3.2. Water pollution

3.1. Air pollution in Ulaanbaatar3.1. Air pollution in Ulaanbaatar

“Geography and Geology research center” NGO’s survey indicates the percentage of Ulaanbaatar City’s air pollution:

• Smoke from the ger-areas /Mongolian traditional dwellings/ 90%

• Heating power plants 6%• Vehicles 3%• Low pressure heating stoves 1%

3.1.1. Ulaanbaatar City’s air pollution

3.1.5. The most recent survey indicates the 3.1.5. The most recent survey indicates the percentage of Ulaanbaatar City’s air pollutionpercentage of Ulaanbaatar City’s air pollution

61 3

90

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Heating power plant

Low pressureheating stoveVehicles

Ger-areas

3.2 Ulaanbaatar City’s soil pollution3.2 Ulaanbaatar City’s soil pollution

Each household residing in the ger-areas has their own toilets in their yards is the main reason that the soil is being polluted.

3.3 Ulaanbaatar City’s water 3.3 Ulaanbaatar City’s water pollutionpollution

Polluted water flowing into a Polluted water flowing into a riverriver

4. 4. The policies in transport sector to develop The policies in transport sector to develop EST in Ulaanbaatar CityEST in Ulaanbaatar City

1. Exploitation of liquid propane for vehicles1. Exploitation of liquid propane for vehicles

2. Encouraging the exploitation and manufacturing of trolley buses and electro buses for the public transport

2. Encouraging the exploitation and manufacturing of trolley buses and electro buses for the public transport

3. Introducing high-techs to decrease the toxic ingredients coming out of vehicles

3. Introducing high-techs to decrease the toxic ingredients coming out of vehicles

4. Putting “Eco” sign on vehicles4. Putting “Eco” sign on vehicles

4.1. Exploiting liquid propane4.1. Exploiting liquid propane

• The program “Liquid propane” was approved by the Mongolian Government’s decision number 140, in 2006.

• Measures are being taken to exploit liquid propane for public transport taxis, in order to carry out this program.

969 taxis of 30 companies of public taxi service are using liquid propane. Aiming to have the complete usage of liquid propane for the 1440 taxis, by the 2008.

• Aiming to have complete usage of liquid propane for the small sized buses in the public transportation of Ulaanbaatar City, starting from 2008.

4.1.1 VEHICLE STATUS

4.2. Manufacturing and using of trolley 4.2. Manufacturing and using of trolley buses and electro buses in public buses and electro buses in public

transporttransport

• Manufacturing 120 trolley buses in the year 2007-2009, in cooperation with the “MosGorTrans” state manufacturing authority of Russia.

• Mongolian “Electro vehicle” company manufactured 1 “JEA-800” trolley bus. The advantage is that the estimated manufacturing cost was less than the manufacturing cost in Europe and in Russia.

• Planning to manufacture 1 electro bus in 3 months period.

4.3. Using high-tech devices4.3. Using high-tech devices• The Mongolian-Japanese joint venture “Uni-Gas” is doing test on

the devices of benzin and liquid propane combination, manufactured in Italy, suitable for the Mongolian sharp continental and severe cold climate. This device is eliminating the problems for vehicles using liquid propane in the winter.

• This device is being placed free of charge, to the public transport vehicles. The cost of this device is 430$.

• This device is not being placed on some old vehicles due to security measures /securing from accidents of propane loss/

• Test is being made on “City Taxi” company’s taxis, by placing devices from China, that decreases the toxic ingredients coming out of vehicles and accelerates the burning, by increasing air access to the vehicles’ engine.

• Experts from “Community of research on electric techniques of

vehicles” are doing research on usage and cost of this device.

4.4. Promoting EST in Ulaanbaatar 4.4. Promoting EST in Ulaanbaatar CityCity

• More than 75% of the total vehicles trafficking in Ulaanbaatar City are more than 7 years old. Officials are planning to create favorable legal condition on promoting EST, by doing a city wide state inspection on vehicles and putting “Eco” sign on the technically approved vehicles, starting 2007.

• The vehicles without the “Eco” sign will be banned and limited for trafficking in Ulaanbaatar City.

5. 5. The challenges facing Ulaanbaatar City The challenges facing Ulaanbaatar City on promoting ESTon promoting EST

5.1. Limited legal condition5.2. Lack of road network and road usage in Ulaanbaatar City5.3. Traffic jams 5.4. Low livelihood of residents and price coordination of public transports5.5. Lack of financial resource on new

vehicle access in public transport

6. Strategies for promoting EST in public transport

- Developing a general plan on upgrading the public transport in the city

- Developing the conditions of legal and jurisdictional acts in public transport

- Providing equipments and technologies for the organizations serving in public transport

-Intensifying the work on placing devices decreasing toxic ingredients coming out of

vehicles

- Developing a technical project on decreasing toxic ingredients from vehicles with diesel

engines

- Vehicle taxation based on practical calculation on the vehicle’s road usage


- Take measures to access the most effective methods and analyze the new relations on road

transport

- Road network extensions and improving of roads


- Developing vehicle transportations based on land usage and regional development prospective

- Using the measures of “Transport needs management”

Thank you for your attention

sustainable enviroment in mongolia

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