sustainable irrigation management strategy in semi …sustainable irrigation management strategy in...
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Sustainable irrigation management strategy in
semi-arid climate conditions in South Italy Bartolomeo Dichio
WHEN SPACE MEETS AGRICULTURE
Fostering interregional collaborations, investments and definition of user
requirements
Dichio B., Montanaro G., Mininni A.,
Amato M., Perniola M
Report Intergovernmental Panel
for Climate Change (Ipcc) September 2013 – Stockolm Approved Berlin,
Germany (7-11 April 2014)
There are not significant effects on
mitigation of Climate Change
- GLOBAL TEMPERATURES ARE LIKELY TO RISE BY 0.3 TO 5 °C BY THE END OF THE CENTURY.
Reaffirm the goal of limiting global temperature increase well below 2 degrees Celsius, while urging efforts to limit the increase to 1.5 degrees
Parties to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) reached a landmark agreement on December 12 in Paris
http://ec.europa.eu
Climate change in Europa
Esposito S. et al. 2014 Atti convegno Progetto
Agroscenari
apr giu ago ott dic feb0
40
80
120
160
200
ET0
precipitazioni
deficit = 855 mm
ET
o -
Pre
cip
ita
zio
ni (m
m)
mesi dell'anno
Rainfall
Basilicata – ITALY
agriculture
BASILICATA: hydrographical system
5 main rivers
Acerenza
Basentello
Montecotugno
Genzano Camastra
Pertusillo San Giuliano
BASILICATA Region: WATER
Maximum capacity of dams:
950 Mm3
Distribution of water use between sectors
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Civil use Irrigation Industrial use
Mm
3 /yea
r
Basilicata
40%
Puglia
58%
Calabria
2%
Sharing of water resources with adjacent regions
BASILICATA Region
Irrigated fruit crops in Basilicata: 72 %
60%
640 Mm3/year
CSA is agriculture
that
• increases yields (poverty reduction & food security),
• makes yields more resilient in the face of worsening weather conditions (adaptation), and
• transforms the farm into a solution to the climate change problem (mitigation).
(World Bank , 2012)
Climate-Smart Agriculture is needed Climate-Smart Agriculture (sustainable) is needed
Potential win-wins for Sustainable soil and Water Outcomes
Biomass (Kg)
WUE =
Transpired Water (m3)
Marketable Yield value
WP =
Irrigation water
Optimization water use in Agroecosystem
WP = Water Productivity
Sustainable conventional
Compost (15 t ha-1)
Mineral N if necessary Mineral
fertilizers
Soil management
Pruning material
Fertilization
Guided drip irrigationCrop evapotraspiration and Soil Water Balance
Cipping pruning residues into
the soil
Untilled soil
spontaneous grass
Peach orchard
cv.Super Crimson/GF667
500 tree/ha
Water balance implementation
Soil data
Weather Parameters (ET0)
Crop data Soil water
balance
SWCmeasurements
Water balance
Optimased
So
il w
ate
r co
nte
nt
(%vo
l)
1°
layer
2°
laye
r
the continuous
monitoring of soil water
content along the soil
profile give us
information to correct
the irrigation
scheduling
Wetted soil by irrigation 90 cm Water Table 120 cm
Optimization and Application of Regulated deficit irrigation
From bud break
To Harvest 100% ETc
march/July.
Deficit application
50% ETc
At the end of september
Post - harvest
B. DICHIO, C. XILOYANNIS, A. SOFO, G. MONTANARO (2007). Effects of post-harvest regulated deficit
irrigation on carbohydrate and nitrogen partitioning, yield quality and vegetative growth of peach trees.
PLANT AND SOIL (ISSN:0032-079X). 127- 137. 290;
6 8 10 12 14 16 180
1
2
3
4
5
6
1,39 3,64 3,92 4,08 2,91 VPD (KPa)
E (
mm
ol
m-2s-1
)
ora del giorno
Daily w. transpired 66 lt/tree
Summer pruning 10 m2 p-1
2,3 litri H20 x m2 of leaves
24 L d-1p-1about 750 m3/ha
About 1000 m3/ha
How much water can be saved with summer pruning?
60-80 g
Incre
ase s
oil
wate
r hold
ing c
apacity
Sustainable managementpractices increase infiltration rateand water storage in soil
Mechanical tillage reduces water
infiltration causing runoff and
erosion processes
4250 m3/ha2934 m3/ha
Ksat160 (mm d-1)Ksat13 (mm d-1)
Irrigation volume (m3 ha-1)
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 20090
2000
4000
6000
8000
Years
sustainableconventional
Irri
gati
on
vo
lum
e
(m
3h
a-1)
average 2004-2009
6350
4900 1450
Dichio et al. 2011
Water footprint (L) /Kg of fruit
Sustainable 220
Conventional 380
Sustainable € 2,11
Conventional € 1,34
Marketable Yield value (€)
W.P. =
Irrigation water (m3)
77
62
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Cu
mu
latv
e Y
ield
t/
ha
S ustainable C onventional
139
107
23
Profiler GSSI EMP-400
5000 values ECa for site (1 hectar)
To obtein soil variability maps (soil ECa )
(data interpolation: kriging)
Elaboration & validation data (-8%)
ECa
mS m-1
New Technologies in agriculture
Orchard management support (nursery,
establishment, irrigation, nutrition, etc)
Validation and implementation of the innovations at field level (testing, scaling up, demonstration, training)
Basilicata Innovation Partnership on Water
Department
Agriculture Department
Environment
Arpab
Alsia
Con. Bonifica
A. Bacino
Acq. Lucano
Unibas, TERN
G.O.
Water
Irrigation
G.O.
Water-Reuse Other
EIP Water
EIP AGRI
Definition of Priority
Action: Operational Group
G.O.
ERIAFF
Eur
ope
an i
nno
vati
on
Par
tner
ship
European
Commission
Regional Innovation Partnership on Water
Unit of Fruit Science
C. Xiloyannis
B. Dichio
V. Nuzzo
G. Celano
G. Montanaro
D. Palese
A. Sofo
A. Tuzio
E. Lardo
A. Mininni
A. Fiore
E. Xylogiannis
Thank you
Agreenment s.r.l. Spin Off Accademic
University of Basilicata
www.agreenment.it