sustainable materials for green building construction

PRESENTED BY: KAMIYA VARSHNEY

UNDERSTANDING THE TOPIC

GREEN BUILDING -

[A green building is one which uses less water,

optimizes energy efficiency, conserves natural

resources, generates less waste and provides

healthier spaces for occupants, as compared to a

conventional building.]

- Given by Indian Green Building

Council

CONSTRUCTION-[The action of building something.]

SUSTAINABLE

MATERIALS

[Sustainable materials

provide environmental,

social and economic

benefits while protecting

public health and

environment over their

whole life cycle, from the

extraction of raw

materials until the final

disposal.]

NEED FOR GREEN ALTERNATIVES

IGBC RATING SYSTEM

It evaluates environmental performance from a whole building perspective

over a building’s life cycle, providing a definitive standard for what

constitutes a “green building”.

The rating system is organized into following environmental categories:

- Sustainable Architecture and Design

- Site Selection and Planning

- Water Conservation

- Energy Efficiency

- Building Materials and Resources (12 / 100 POINTS)

- Indoor Environmental Quality

- Innovation and Development

PARAMETERS FOR SELECTION OF MATERIALS

1) Embodied Energy: It is the sum total of energy that is used to extract,

process, package, transport and install the material in the building.

Minimizing embodied energy means minimizing the impact on the

environment.

2) Resource reuse: Includes saving a material from disposal and

renovating, repairing, restoring, or generally improving the appearance,

performance, quality, functionality, or value of a product.

3) Recycled Content: Products use with identifiable recycled content,

including post industrial content with a preference for post consumer content

to reduce the demand on new sourced virgin materials.

4) Reusable or recyclable: Select materials that can be easily dismantled

and reused or recycled at the end of their useful life. Consider installation

techniques which allows easy

dismantle and reuse of materials

5) Natural, plentiful: Use materials which are bio based and naturally

harvested from sustainably managed sources and preferably have an

independent certification (e.g., certified wood) and are certified by an

independent third party.

PARAMETERS FOR SELECTION OF

MATERIALS Contd..6) Indigenous or locally available are extracted, harvested, manufactured

locally or regionally which causes savings in energy and resources in

transportation to the project site and hence reduces environmental impacts.

7) Rapidly renewable material : Consider those materials which

substantially replenish themselves faster than traditional extraction demand

(i.e., planted and harvested in less than 10- year cycle) to reduce the

demand on limited/finite resources.

8) Material compliant with Clean air, Clean water: Select those

materials that emit few or no carcinogens, reproductive toxicants, containing

low VOCs , products and systems that restrain the growth of biological

contaminants in buildings. Use those equipments that promote healthy IAQ

by identifying indoor air pollutants or enhancing the air quality as most of a

person’s daily exposure to many air pollutants comes through inhalation of

indoor air. Water Conservation can be obtained by utilizing materials and

systems that consume as well as help in reducing water consumption.

9) Reduction of pollution at a stage of the material production:

Reduction in the use of fossil fuels during extraction and production

processing of building materials should be considered.

COMPONENTS OF A BUILDING

WALL

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS THAT REPLACES BRICK-1.AUTOCLAVE AERATED CONCRETE - made by mixing fly ash (up to 35%), quick lime, cement and gypsum, with foaming agent like aluminum powder

2.CELLULAR LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE - are lightweight and manufactured like normal concrete block but under ambient conditions by using Cement slurry, Sand, Fly Ash (26% - 34 % content) and water. They are sun dried hence no firing process is involved.

3.SOLID & HOLLOW CONCRETE BLOCKS - saves materials and provides thermal insulation due to air cavity. Hollow brick/perforated with reinforcements can be used for structural application as flooring, roofing, walls4. FLY ASH BRICKS - It is manufactured from Fly ash, Gypsum, alum and stone crushing dust.

5.FAL-G STABLIZED COMPRESSED EARTH BLOCKS - Fal-G products are manufactured by fly ash, lime and calcined gypsum (a by-product of phosphogypsum or natural gypsum).

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WINDOWWINDOWWINDOWWINDOW

CEILINGCEILINGCEILINGCEILING

FLOORFLOORFLOORFLOOR

INTERNAL INTERNAL PARTITIOPARTITIO

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PAINTPAINTPAINTPAINT

MASONARY WORK- BRICK??

DOOR

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS THAT REPLACES TIMBER – 1.WOOD-FSC (FOREST STEWARDSHIP COUNCIL) - FSC-certified wood is wood that is certified under the standards set by FSC or the Forest Stewardship Council. 2.FIBER GLASS DOORS 3.PARTICLE BOARD - are made from a hot pressed composite of wood-based waste materials bound together with formaldehyde resin

4.CEMENT BOUND BOARDS - 5.COIR BOARDS -It is extracted from coconut husk, the fibrous mass covering the coconut.

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CARPENTRY WORK- TIMBER??

WINDOW

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS THAT REPLACES ABOVE1.LOW E- GLASS - Windows manufactured with Low-E coatings typically cost about 10%–15% more than regular windows, but they reduce energy loss by as much as 30%–50%.2.UPVC WINDOWS - UPVC has been specified as an alternative to wood. UPVC is environmentally friendly as they can be fully recycled and reused. 3.ALUMINUM SECTIONS – with Al as recycled content

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OPENING - CLEAR GLASS, TIMBER FRAME??

CEILING

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS THAT REPLACES ABOVE-1.MINERAL FIBRES2.GYPSUM FIBER BOARDS CEILINGS3.BAGASSE BOARD4.WOOD WOOL BOARD5.ALUMINIUM EXTRUDED SECTIONS

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CEILING FINISHES- POP, PAINT??

FLOOR

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS THAT REPLACES ABOVE1.BAMBOO - Bamboo flooring can be solid (made with only bamboo) or engineered (bamboo plus other woods).2.CORK FLOORING3.ORIENTED STRAND BOARD - OSB is an engineered sheathing panel created from layers of wood strands. 4.TERRAZZO FLOORING

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FLOORING WORK- STONE, TILE??

ROOFSUSTAINABLE MATERIALS 1.MCR- MICRO CONCRETE ROOFING TILES - If MCR tiles are compared to standard industrial roofing products (i.e. asbestos), the MCR tiles prove to be a more viable option as it does not require more cement in its manufacture, the end product is cost efficient and is a direct result of the application of Appropriate Technology.

2.CLAY TILES3.SHINGLES4.PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS AS ROOFING MATERIAL5.ICF- INSULATED CONCRETE FORM DECKS

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INTERNAL PARTITION

SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS THAT REPLACES BRICK-1.MDF BOARDS - Medium-density fibreboard (MDF) is an engineered wood product made by breaking down hardwood or softwood residuals into woodfibres, often in a defibrator, combining it with wax and a resin binder, and forming panels by applying high temperature and pressure.

2.GYPSUM WALL BOARDS3.STRAWBOARD PANELS - Strawboard panels are made of solid core, compressed wheat or rice straw.4.SIPS- STRUCTURAL INSULATED PANELS - They consist of an insulating layer of rigid core (extruded polystyrene EPS) sandwiched between two layers of structural board (OSB, cement board etc.).

5.RICE HUSK BOARD - disposal of rice husk waste, is a serious environmental hazard, if it is burnt, so, Indian Plywood Industries Research Institute, Bangalore has come up with this new building material

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PARTITIONING WORK- HALF-BRICK??

PAINT

LOW VOC PAINTS - Low VOC paint is paint with reduced levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

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CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS:

•The concept of sustainable development is “Think globally act locally”.

•Although new technologies are constantly being developed to complement current

practices in creating greener structures, the common objective is that green buildings

are designed to reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human health and

the natural environment by:

• Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources

• Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity

• Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation.

REFERENCES• Sustainable construction materials & technologies – By Chun, Claisse & Naik• The Ecology of building materials – By Berge• Sustainability at the cutting edge – By Smith• toolbase.org• www.wiley.com• www.builditgreen.com• www.bmtpc.com• www.edcmag.com• www.greenbuildingsolutions.com• www.igbc.in• www.buildnova.com• www.usgbc.org• www.wbdg.org

THANK YOU !

ARCHITECT | PROJECT COORDINATOR | IGBC AP

[email protected]

+91-9999686780

sustainable materials for green building construction

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