Sustaining the Global FarmSelected papers from the 10th International Soil

Conservation Organization Meeting

Edited by

Diane E. Stott, Rabi H. Mohtar,and Gary C. Steinhardt

Published by theInternational Soil Conservation Organization

in cooperation withUnited States Department of Agriculture

Agricultural Research ServiceNational Soil Erosion Research Laboratory

andPurdue University

ii

Editors

Diane E. Stott, Ph.D.Research Soil Microbiologist/Biochemist

USDA-ARS National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory1196 Soil Building

West Lafayette IN 47907-1196 USAPhone: 1-765-494-6657; Fax: 1-765-494-5948

destott@purdue.eduhttp://topsoil.nserl.purdue.edu/nserlweb/destott/default.htm

Rabi H. Mohtar, Ph.D.Assistant Professor

Environmental and Natural Resources EngineeringDepartment of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

1146 ABE Building, Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette, IN 47907-1146

Phone: 1-765-494-1791; Fax: 1-765-496-1115mohtar@purdue.edu

http://pasture.ecn.purdue.edu/~mohtar/

Gary C. Steinhardt, Ph.D.Professor

Soil ManagementAgronomy Department

1150 Lilly Hall of Life SciencesPurdue University

West Lafayette, IN 47907-1150Phone: 1-765-494-8063; FAX: 1-765-496-2926

gsteinhardt@purdue.edu

iii

CD Cover ArtworkThe art work used was from the USDA-NRCS Photo Gallery, Photo #NRCSIA99371.

Please contact the USDA-NRCS directly for more information. Photo Gallery web site ishttp://photogallery.nrcs.usda.gov/ (confirmed 2 May, 2002)

DisclaimerThe information and opinions herein are the responsibility of the individual paper

authors. Neither the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural ResearchService (USDA-ARS) nor Purdue University expressly guarantees the research presentedhere, nor endorses any equipment, product, or method used.

Citation Format<<Paper Authors>>. 2001. <<Paper Title>>. <<Paper page numbers>> pgs. In: D.E.Stott, R.H. Mohtar, and G.C. Steinhardt (eds). Sustaining the Global Farm – Selectedpapers from the 10th International Soil Conservation Organization Meeting, May 24-29,1999, West Lafayette, IN. International Soil Conservation Organization in cooperationwith the USDA and Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN. CD-ROM available from theUSDA-ARS National Soil Erosion Laboratory, West Lafayette, IN. Web sitehttp://topsoil.nserl.purdue.edu/nserlweb/isco99/pdf/isco99pdf.htm (verified 2 May 2002).

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ISCO 99 was sponsored by:

International Soil Conservation OrganizationAgricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of AgricultureNatural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture

In cooperation with:Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, U.S. Department of AgricultureU.S. Department of StateForeign Agricultural Service, U.S. Department of AgricultureForest Service, U.S. Department of AgricultureGeological Survey, U.S. Department of the InteriorPurdue UniversityThe World BankU.S. Agency for International DevelopmentU.S. Environmental Protection Agency

And:Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaAmerican Society for Photogrammetry and Remote SensingAmerican Water Resources AssociationAssociation for Better Land HusbandryCanadian Society of Soil ScienceConservation Technology Information CenterEuropean Society for Soil ConservationInternational Erosion Control AssociationInternational Soil Science SocietyInternational Soil Tillage Research OrganizationOrganization of American StatesSociety for Ecological RestorationSociety for Range ManagementSoil Conservation Council of CanadaSoil and Water Conservation SocietySoil Science Society of AmericaWorld Association of Soil and Water Conservation

The sponsors of the 10th International Soil Conservation Organization Conference thank thefollowing institutions for their generous financial support:

Agricultural Research Service, USDAAgriculture and Agri-Food CanadaConservation Technology Information CenterCooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, USDADow ElancoForeign Agricultural Service, USDAForest Service, USDAGeological Survey, USDIMonsanto CompanyNatural Resources Conservation Service, USDAU.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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Organizing Committee for the10th International Soil Conservation Organization Conference

Pearlie S. Reed (co-chair), USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)Mark Nearing (co-chair), USDA, Agricultural Research Service (ARS)Andres Aguilar, Universidad Autonomia de ChapingoGene Alberts, USDA, ARSC. Richard Amerman, USDA, ARSVincent Bralts, Purdue UniversityAnn Carey, USDA, NRCSMaurice Cook, North Carolina State UniversityDave Cressman, Ecologistics, Ltd.Julian Dumanski, World BankRobert Eddleman, USDA, NRCSSamir El-Swaify, University of HawaiiLinda Elswick, International Partners for Sustainable AgricultureHari Eswaran, USDA-NRCSDennis Flanagan, USDA-ARSSusan Gordon, U.S. Department of StateGuillermo Grajalcs, InterAmerican Institute for Cooperation in AgricultureJerry Hammond, USDA, NRCSJohn Hebblethwaite, Conservation Technology Information CenterMike Hickman, USDA, ARSChi-Hua Huang, USDA, ARSTom Huntington, U.S. Geological SurveyChris Johannsen, Purdue UniversityPaul Johnson, Oneota Slopes FarmRattan Lal, Ohio State UniversityLeonard Lane, USDA, ARSGerry Luciuk, Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaKristen Martin, U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyDon McCool, USDA, ARSWilliam McFee, Purdue UniversityRabi Mohtar, Purdue UniversityHenry Mount, USDA, NRCSCurt Nissly, U.S. Agency for International DevelopmentJohn Nordin, USDA, Forest ServiceL. Darrell Norton, USDA, ARSChristian Pieri, World BankKen Renard, USDA, ARS (Retired)David Sammons, Purdue UniversitySara Scherr, University of MarylandDavid Schertz, USDA, NRCSBerlie Schmidt, USDA, Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Max Schnepf, USDA, NRCSCharles Sloger, U.S. Agency for International DevelopmentGary Steinhardt, Purdue UniversityDiane Stott, USDA, ARSDan Towery, Conservation Technology Information CenterGlenn Weesies, USDA, NRCS

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PREVIOUS ISCO MEETINGS AND PUBLICATIONS

ISCO-10. West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. 24-29 May 1999 (Published 2001). Sustaining the GlobalFarm – Selected papers from the 10th International Soil Conservation Organization Meeting (Eds: D.E.Stott, R.H. Mohtar and G.C. Steinhardt). CD-ROM. West Lafayette (USA): ISCO in cooperation with theUSDA-ARS National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory and Purdue University.http://topsoil.nserl.purdue.edu/nserlweb/isco99/pdf/isco99pdf.htm. (last verified 2 May 2002)ISCO-9. Bonn, Germany. 26-30 August 1996 (Published 1998) Towards Sustainable Land Use:Furthering Cooperation between People and Institutions, Selected papers of the Conference of theInternational Soil Conservation Organisation (Eds: Blume, Eger, Fleischhauer, Hebel, Rei, and Steiner.Advances in Geolecology 31. 2 vols. Reiskirchen (Germany): Catena Verlag. ISBN 3 923381 42 5.

ISCO-8. New Delhi. 4-8 December 1994 (Published 1998). Soil and Water Conservation - Challengesand Opportunities (Eds: L.S. Bhushan, I.P. Abrol, M.S. Rama, and M. Rao). 2 vols. 1700pp. Dehra Dun(India): Indian Assoc. of Soil & Water Conservation. ISBN 81 204 1082 x.

ISCO-7. Sydney, Australia. 27-30 September 1992.(published 1992). People Protecting their Land(Eds: P.G. Haskins and B.M. Murphy). 2 vols. 832pp. Sydney (Australia): ISCO and NSW Dept ofConservation and Land Management. . ISBN 0 7305 9977 9.

ISCO-6: Ethiopia and Kenya. 6-18 November 1989. (Published 1992). Erosion, Conservation andSmall-Scale Farming and 'Soil Conservation for Survival (Eds H.Hurni and K Tato). 582 and 420pp. Bern(Switzerland): Geographica Bernensia, ISCO, and the World Assoc. Soil and Water Conservation. ISBN3 906290 70 0 and 0 935734 27 9.

ISCO-5: Bangkok, Thailand. 18-29 January 1988. (Published 1989) Land Conservation for FutureGenerations (Ed: S. Rimwanich). 2 vols. 1312 pp. Bangkok (Thailand): Dept. of Land Development, Min.of Ag. & Coops. ISBN 974-7724-94-4.

ISCO-4: Maracay, Venezuela. 3-9 November 1985. (Published 1987). Soil Conservation andProductivity. (Ed: Pla Sentis I.) 2 vols, 1215pp. Maracay (Venezuela): Universidad Central and the Soc.Venezolana de la Ciencia del Suelo. ISBN 980 265 924 X.

ISCO-3: Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. (Malama Aina, first to be coined as an ISCO Conference), January16-22 1983 (Published 1985). Soil Erosion and Conservation (Eds: S.A. El-Swaify, W.C. Moldenhauer,A. Lo). 793pp. Ankeny (USA): Soil & Water Consv Soc. ISBN 0 935734 11 2.

Pre-ISCO-2: Silsoe, UK. 21-25 July 1980. (Published 1981). Soil Conservation: Problems and Prospects(Ed: R.P.C. Morgan). 575pp. Chichester (UK): Wiley. ISBN 0 471 27882 3.

Pre-ISCO-1: Ghent, Belgium, 27 February to 3 March, 1978 (Published 1980). Assessment of Erosion(Eds: H. De Boodt and D. Gabriels), John Wiley and Sons, Chichester (UK). ISBN 0 471 27899 8.

vii

Table of ContentsTitle Page iEditor Contact Information iiDisclaimer and Citation Format iiiSponsors, Cooperating Organizations, and Financial Sponsors ivConference Planning Committee vPrevious ISCO Meetings and Publications viPreface vii-viiiTable of Contents ix-xix

Keynote: Opening Welcome to the MeetingMark A. Nearing

001

Keynote: Sustaining the Global Farm – Conference ConclusionsSamir El-Swaify

002

I. Sustaining the Global FarmKeynote: Achieving Sustainability - The Institutional ImperativesDavid Sanders

003-010

Keynote: Global Partnerships to Sustain Land UseBruce H. Moore

011-014

Keynote: Sustaining the Global Farm – A Farmer’s ViewMichael Sutherland

015-016

Keynote: A Farmer’s ViewSaj Sibanyoni

017-018

Funding the Future: Are the Facts Correct?T.F. Shaxson

019-023

Global Desertification Tension ZonesHari Eswaran, Paul Reich, and Fred Beinroth

024-028

How and Why the Brazilian Zero Tillage Explosion OccurredJohn N. Landers

029-039

Estimating Soil Productivity Loss Due to Erosion in Uruguay in Terms of Beef and Wool Productionon Natural Pastures

Fernando García-Préchac and A. Durán

040-045

Factors that Cause Deterioration of the Land in Province “Los Andes” (North Bolivian High Plateau)Javier G. Villegas

046-048

Important and Controversial Watershed Management Issues in Developing CountriesTed C. Sheng

049-052

Participatory Land and Water Management: Silsoe Research Institute’s Experiences from LatinAmerica and Sub-Saharan Africa

Brian G. Sims, Steve J. Twomlow and Jim Ellis-Jones

053-060

Sustainable Soil Management: A Framework for AnalysisJennie Popp, Dana Hoag, and James Ascough, II

061-067

II. Social, Economic and Policy Elements of ConservationKeynote: Conservation is for Business - Self-Help Groups in KenyaR J Cheatle and T F Shaxson

068-074

Keynote: Environmental Protection verses Restoration: A Model for Policy DecisionsSara J. Scherr

075-086

viii

Keynote: Soil Conservation Policies in the State of Parana, Brazil - The Role of Agricultural Researchand Development to Attain Sustainability

Osmar Muzilli

087-089

Paso del Norte Sustainable Water Use StrategyEd Hamlyn

090-094

Ecologically Sustainable Soil: The Role of Environmental Policy and LegislationIan Hannam

095-100

Enabling Long-Term impact of Soil Conservation Through Farmer-Driven ExtensionRoland Bunch

101-105

Environmental McCarthyism and the Precautionary Principle - Learning from the Past whileAddressing Current Dilemmas

D. Brook Harker and Brian McConkey

106-111

Agri-environmental Programs and the Use of Soil Conservation Measures in GermanyBernhard Osterburg

112-118

A Management System for Soil Conservation on the Hilly-Rolling Relief of LithuaniaB. Jankauskas

119-124

Land Tenure and Soil Conservation Practices - Evidence From West Africa and Southeast AsiaAndreas Neef

125-130

Structural Adjustment Program and Soil Erosion: A Bio-Economic Modeling Approach for NorthernBenin

J. Senahoun, F. Heidhues, and D. Deybe

131-138

Characteristics and Socio-Economic Evaluation of Two Indigenous Soil and Water ConservationSystems

B. Kayombo, H.O. Dihenga, and J.Ellis-Jones

139-146

The Farmer’s View: How Seeing the Local Landscape Defines On-Farm ConservationR.I. Beilin

147-151

Poverty Alleviation and Resource Conservation Through Integrated Watershed Management in aFragile Foot-Hill Ecosystem

S.S. Grewel, A.S. Dogra, and T.C. Jai

152-159

III. Local Action for Land StewardshipKeynote: Land Care In AustraliaMichael Sutherland and Brian Scarsbrick

160-164

Soil and Water Conservation Strategies on the Red and Yellow Soils of South ChinaHuaxing Li, Xinming Zhang, Xichong Chen, and Weisheng Lu

165-170

Facilitating Better Linkages Between Hill-Tribe Communities and Government Agencies withDigitized Land Use Maps in Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand

Oliver Puginier

171-178

Land Resource Constraints for Sustainable Agriculture in ThailandP. Moncharoen, T. Vearasilp, and H. Eswaran

179-185

Impact of Upland Agriculture and Conservation Project (UACP) on Sustainable AgricultureDevelopment in Serang Watershed, Indonesia

Naik Sinukaban

186-190

Participatory Soil and Water Conservation in India - Experiences from the KRIBHCO Indo-BritishRainfed Farming Project

Paul D. Smith

191-197

Selection of Soil Conservation Measures in the Indonesian Regreening ProgramFahmuddin Agus

198-202

Fodder Dissemination for Soil Conservation and Cash Generation in the Central Kenyan HighlandsM.K. O’Neill, P.K. Tuwei, G.M. Karanja, and B. Okoba

203-207

ix

Sustainable Agricultural Enterprises in Two Districts in UgandaNkuba R. Michael

208-211

Soil Pollution Patterns in Terrestrial Ecosystems of the Kola Peninsula, RussiaSerguei V. Koptsik, and Galina N. Koptsik

212-216

Spectral Reflectance as a Tool to Study Soils in Semi-Arid RegionsE.I. Karavanova

217-222

Monitoring Water and Sediment Yield In Mediterranean Mountainous Watersheds: PreliminaryResults

J. Rius, R. Batalla, and R.M. Poch

223-228

Role of Kenyan Women’s Groups in Community Based Soil and Water ConservationMargaret J. Kamar

229-233

IV. Land Use InfluencesKeynote: The Development and Future of Direct Seed Cropping Systems in Argentina. Explaining

some of the Economic, Agronomic, Environmental, Social and Sustainability Benefits that Supportthe Process

Roberto A. Peiretti

234-247

Keynote: Frontiers in Conservation Tillage and Advances in Conservation PracticeRolf Derpsch

248-254

Factors Affecting Agricultural Sustainability in the Pacific Northwest, USA: An OverviewD. K. McCool, D. R. Huggins, K. E. Saxton, and A. C. Kennedy

255-260

Grazing, Burning, and Drought Influences on Rangeland Ecosystem SustainabilityW. E. Emmerich and R. K. Heitschmidt

261-265

Effects of Erosion and Manure Applications on Corn ProductionF.J. Arriaga and B. Lowery

266-271

Relating Crop Yields to Physiographic Attributes in Ohio Through Principal Component AnalysisE. Salchow and R. Lal

272-276

Crop Residue Management Increases Dryland Grain Sorghum Yields in a Semiarid RegionPaul W. Unger and R. Louis Baumhardt

277-282

Saturated Transport of Atrazine Under Two Tillage SystemAlton B. Johnson

283-287

Sustainable Land Use: An Interdisciplinary Demonstration Project in Northeast GermanyT. Kalettka, K. Helming, H. Kächele, A. Khorkov, K. Müller, and H.-J. Philipp

288-292

Agricultural Field State and Runoff Risk: Proposal of a Simple Relation for the Silty-Loam-SoilContext of the Pays de Caux (France)

Philippe Martin, François Papy, and Alain Capillon

293-299

Influence of Cultural Practices on Sheetflow, Sediment and Pesticide Transport: The Case of CornCultivation Under Plastic Mulching

C. Gascuel-Odoux, F. Garnier, and D. Heddadj

300-304

Evaluating the Biodiversity of Almond Cultivars From a Germplasm Collection Field in Southern ItalyD. De Giorgio and G.B. Polnigano

305-311

Soil Losses Caused by Chicory Root and Sugar Beet Harvesting in Belgium: Importance andImplications

Jean W.A. Poesen, Gert Verstraeten, Leen Seynaeve, and Ruben Soenens

312-316

Feasibility of Agroforestry for Sugarcane Production and Soil Conservation in BrazilL.F.G. Pinto, M.S. Bernardes, G. Sparovek, and G.M.S. Camara

317-320

Monitoring the Sediment Loading of Itaipu Lake and Modeling of Sheet and Rill Erosion Hazards inthe Watershed of Parana River: An Outline of the Project

L.D. Norton, C. Castro Filho, T.C. Cochrane, J.H. Caviglione, H.M. Fontes Jr., L.P. Johanson, andL.D. Marenda

321-323

x

Abstract Soil Conservation Perspectives of Road Infrastructure within a Development Context in SouthAfrica

H.R. Beckedahl, T.R. Hill, and M. Moodley

324-328

Influence of Cabbage Growth on Ridge ErosionTakahiro Shiono, Azuma Takagi, Chikara Ogura, and Ken-ichiro Kamimura

329-332

Biological Restoration of a Degraded Alfisol in the Humid Tropics Using Planted Woody Fallow:Synthesis of 8-Year-Results

G. Tian, F.K. Salako, F. Ishida, and J. Zhang

333-337

Hydrological Implications of Planting Bluegum in Natural Shola and Grassland Watersheds ofSouthern India

J.S. Samra, A.K. Sikka, and V.N. Sharda

338-343

Simulated Nitrogen Loading from Corn, Sorghum, and Soybean Production in the Upper MississippiValley

Jay D. Atwood, Verel W. Benson, R. Srinivasan, Clive Walker, and Erwin Schmid

344-348

Monitoring land use changes in the Nam Phung Valley of Lom Kao District in ThailandC.D. Dedzoe, B.A. Raji, and M. Staljanssens

349-355

Factors Enhancing the Terrace Use in the Highlands of Kabale District, UgandaRichard Miiro

356-361

Reduced Tillage Problem in the New Conditions of Romanian AgricultureVergil Gangu, Mihail-Florian Neacsu, and Iosif Cojocaru

362-365

Conservation Tillage Systems for Spring Corn in the Semihumid to Arid Areas of ChinaCai Dianxiong, Wang Xiaobin, Zhang Zhitian, Gao Xuke, and Zhang Jingqing

366-370

Effects of Nitrification Inhibitor on Nitrate Leaching in Cotton Production SystemsR. K. Malik and K. C. Reddy

371-377

Overwinter Changes to Vehicle Ruts and Natural Rills and Effects on Soil Erosion PotentialLawrence W. Gatto

378-383

V. Erosion ControlPolyacrylamide: A Review of the Use, Effectiveness, and Cost of a Soil Erosion Control AmendmentV. Steven Green and D.E. Stott

384-389

On-farm Assessment of Contour Hedges for Soil and Water Conservation in Central Kenya S.D. Angima, M.K. O’Neill, and D.E. Stott

390-394

Contour Hedgerows of Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn. for Soil and Water Conservation in the BlueMountains of Jamaica

M.A. McDonald, P.A. Stevens, and J.R. Healey

395-402

Research and practical experiences with vegetative barriers for water erosion control in VenezuelaOscar S. Rodríguez and Onelia Andrade

403-411

Early Growth Performance of Sixteen Populations of Faidherbia albida in Semi Arid Baringo Districtof Kenya

O.G. Dangasuk, S. Gudu, and J.R. Okalebo

412-418

Land Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer for Corn in Dryland Farming Region of NorthChina

Wang Xiaobin, Cai Dianxiong, and Zhang Jingqing

419-422

Mangrove Structure on the Eastern Coast of Samar Island, PhilippinesAntonio B. Mendoza and Danilo P. Alura

423-425

New Initiatives to Control Soil Erosion In EnglandRoger J. Unwin

426-430

Rainfall-Runoff Harvesting for Controlling Erosion and Sustaining Upland Agriculture DevelopmentI. Sumarjo Gatot, J. Duchesne, F. Forest, P. Perez, C. Cudennec, T. Prasetyo, and S. Karama

431-439

Use of Compost and Sewage Sludge with Different Tillage Treatments for Sustained Soil ProtectionThorsten Hoss, Rolf-Alexander Düring, and Stefan Gäth

440-446

xi

Designing Research to Improve Runoff and Erosion Control Practices: Example, Grass HedgesL. D. Meyer, S. M. Dabney, and W. D. Kemper

447-451

Use of Some Natural Plant Species for Erosion Control in Southern TurkeyMehmet Aydin, Ismail Celik, and Aytekin Berkman

452-457

See also:Erosion Control by Amending Soil with Synthetic GypsumB.H. Wallace, L.D. Norton and R. Woodward

1158-1162

VI. Carbon SequestrationKeynote: Soil Conservation For C SequestrationR. Lal

459-465

Carbon Sequestration in a Plowed and No-Tillage Chronosequence in a Brazilian OxisolJoão Carlos de M. Sá, Carlos C. Cerri , Warren A. Dick, Rattan Lal, Solismar P. Venske Filho, MarisaC. Piccolo , Brigitte E. Feigl

466-471

Erosion Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Pool in Soils of IowaJ.M. Kimble, R. Lal, and M. Mausbach

472-475

Soil and Crop Management and the Greenhouse Gas Budget of Agroecosystems in CanadaR.L. Desjardins, W.N. Smith, B. Grant, H. Janzen, S. Gameda and J. Dumanski

476-480

Effects of Conservation Tillage on Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics: Field Experiments in the U.S. CornBelt

D.C. Reicosky

481-485

Regional-Scale Analysis of Soil Microbial Biomass and Soil Basal CO2-Respiration in NortheasternGermany

Stephan J. Wirth

486-493

Soil Carbon Enhancement in Graded and Ungraded Reclaimed Minesoil Under Forest and Pasture inOhio, USA

V.A. Akala and R. Lal

494-498

Land Use Effects on Soil Carbon Pools in Two Major Land Resource Areas of Ohio, USAA. Lantz, R. Lal, and J. Kimble

499-502

Carbon Concentrations and Transport in Sediment Leaving Small, Cropped WatershedsL.B. Owens, R.W. Malone, G.C. Starr, and R. Lal

503-508

Global Climate Change: Implications of Extreme Events for Soil Conservation Strategies and CropProduction in the Midwestern United States

Anne N. Williams, Mark Nearing, Mike Habeck, Jane Southworth, Rebecca Pfeifer, Otto C. Doering,Jess Lowenberg-Deboer, J.C. Randolph, and Michael A. Mazzocc

509-515

See also:Potential of Conservation Tillage to Reduce Carbon Dioxide Emission in Australian SoilsH.B. So; R.C. Dalal; K.Y. Chan; N.M. Menzies, and D.M. Freebairn

821-826

VII. Biological, Chemical & Physical Properties of SoilsKeynote: The Secret to Making Soil Conservation Successful: Short-Term BenefitsRoland Bunch

516-522

Keynote: Monitoring Progress Towards Sustainable Land ManagementJulian Dumanski and Christian Pieri

523-528

Locally Led Conservation Activities: Developing a Soil Quality Assessment ToolA. J. Tugel, S. Seiter, D. Friedman, J. Davis, R. P. Dick, D. McGrath, and R. R. Wei

529-534

Identification and Interpretation of Regional Soil Quality Factors for the Central High Plains of theMidwestern USA

John J. Brejda and Thomas B. Moorman

535-540

xii

Development of Soil Hydraulic Pedotransfer Functions on a European scale: their usefulness in theassessment of soil quality

A. Nemes, J.H.M. Wösten, and A. Lilly

541-549

Development of a Soil Quality Index for the Chalmers Silty Clay Loam from the Midwest USAM. Diack and D.E. Stott

550-555

Quantifying the Spatial Patterns of Soil Redistribution and Soil Quality on two Contrasting HillslopesY. Li, M.J. Lindstrom, M. Frielinghaus, and H.R. Bork

556-563

Soil Quality of Very Fragile Sandy Soils From Southern BrazilTelmo J.C. Amado, Dalvan J. Reinert, and J. Miguel Reichert

564-568

Global Assessment of Land QualityFred H. Beinroth, Hari Eswaran, and Paul F. Reich

569-574

Role of a Saprophytic Basidiomycete Soil Fungus in Aggregate StabilizationT. C. Caesar-TonThat and V.L. Cochran

575-579

Effects of Exchangeable Ca:Mg Ratio on Soil Clay Flocculation, Infiltration and ErosionKaterina Dontsova and L. Darrell Norton

580-587

Effects of Soil Strength, Texture, Slope Steepness and Rainfall Intensity on Interrill Erosion of SomeSoils in Taiwan

Jen-Chen Fan and Min-Fon Wu

588-593

Use of the Chain Set for Scale-Sensitive and Erosion-Relevant Measurement of Soil SurfaceRoughness

S.D. Merrill, C. Huang, T.M. Zobeck, and D.L. Tanaka

594-600

Interrill and Rill Erosion on a Tropical Sandy Loam Soil Affected by Tillage and ConsolidationJ. Miguel Reichert, Marcos J. Schäfer, Elemar A. Cassol, and L. Darrell Norton

601-605

Characterization of the Stages of Soil Resilience to Degradative Stresses: ErosionM.M. Tenywa, R. Lal, and M.J.G. Majaliwa

606-610

Experimental Study of Nutrient Runoff from Purple Soils in the Three Gorges AreaCai Chongfa, Ding Shuwen, Huang Li, and Cai Qiangguo

611-616

Crop Productivity and Surface Soil Properties of a Severely Wind-Eroded SoilT. M. Zobeck and J. D. Bilbro

617-622

Organic Matter Formation in Post Mining Soils in Central Poland Gilewska Mirosława, Bender Jan, and Drzymała Stanisław

623-626

Assessment of Soil Quality for Biodiversity Conservation in Boreal Forest EcosystemsGalina N. Koptsik, Serguei V. Koptsik, and Svetlana Yu Livantsova

627-634

The Impact of Deep Rooted Plants on the Qualities of Compacted SoilsJaan Kuht and Endla Reintam

632-636

A Morphology Index for Soil Quality Evaluation of Near-Surface Mineral HorizonsR.B. Grossman, D.S. Harms, C.A. Seybold, and M.T. Sucik

637-640

Spatial Variability of Soil Properties along a Transect of CRP and Continuously Cropped LandXuewen Huang, E.L. Skidmore, and G. Tibke

641-647

Rehabilitation of the Soil Quality of a Degraded Peat siteU. Schindler and L. Müller

648-654

Changes in Physical and Chemical Properties of Fen Soils Induced by Long-term Drainage, Followedby Recent Rewetting

Jutta Zeitz and Andreas Gensior

655-661

Spectral Reflectivity as a Diagnostic Criteria of the Degree of Erosion of the Gray Forest SoilsE.I. Karavanova, N. P. Sorokina, and E. A. Kudelina

662-665

Erosion Intensity Evaluated from Microtopographic Soil Erosion Features, its Correlation withConservation Practice, Presence of Fertilizer, and Erosion Development between Alley CroppingHedges

Ir. Eelko Bergsma

666-675

xiii

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Spore Abundance is affected by Wastewater Pollution in Soilsof Mezquital Valley in Central Mexico

M.P. Ortega-Larrocea

676-681

Farmers’ Resource Levels, Soil Properties and Productivity in Kenya’s Central HighlandsMira Ovuka and Anders Ekbom

682-687

VIII. Erosion Processes: Water, Wind, Irrigation, Tillage & MechanicalDevelopments in Measurement and Models for Suspension-Dominated Wind ErosionDavid Chandler and Keith Saxton

688-692

Evaluating WEPP Predicted On-field Furrow Irrigation ErosionDavid L. Bjorneberg and Thomas J. Trout

693-698

Hydraulic Modeling of Irrigation-Induced Furrow ErosionTheodor S. Strelkoff and David L. Bjorneberg

699-705

Influence of Irrigation Water Properties on Furrow Infiltration: Temperature EffectsR. D. Lentz and D.L. Bjorneberg

705-709

Sediment Transport in Irrigation FurrowsThomas J. Trout

710-716

Study of Sediment Transport in Shallow Channel FlowsD. Pal, S. N. Prasad, and M. J. M. Römkens

717-724

Relation Between Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield in Catchment ScaleCh. Seiberth

725-731

Effect of Runoff and Sediment from Hillslope on Gully Slope In the Hilly Loess Region, North ChinaCai Qiangguo

732-736

Effects of Up-Slope Runoff on Erosion Processes At Down-Slope Shallow Gully Erosion AreasFen-Li Zheng and Xue-Tian Gao

737-741

Assessment of Wind Erosion Parameters Using Wind TunnelsLawrence J. Hagen

742-746

TEAM: The Texas Tech Wind Erosion Analysis ModelJames M. Gregory, Roel Vining, Lawrence Peck, and. Kent Wofford

747-750

Soil Born Dust Release from Polluted Industrial Derelict Land and Deposition in the Ruhr Area(Germany)

Silke Höke & Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Burghardt

751-759

Wind Erosion Estimates with RWEQ and WEQD.W. Fryrear, P.L. Sutherland, G. Davis, G. Hardee, and M. Dollar

760-765

Wind Erosion and Air Quality Research in the Northwest U.S. Columbia Plateau: Organization andProgress

Keith Saxton, David Chandler, and William Schillinger

766-770

Wind Speed Effects on Rain ErosivityKatharina Helming

771-776

Tillage-Induced Erosion in the Humid Tropics: Rates, Effects on Soil Properties, and Approaches toReduce It

B. B. Thapa, D. K. Cassel, and D. P. Garrity

777-783

Slope Length Effects on Soil Loss for Steep SlopesB.Y. Liu, M.A. Nearing, P.J. Shi, and Z.W. Jia

784-788

Soil Erosion of an Indurated Volcanic Soil from the Semiarid Area of the Valley of MexicoEusebio Ventura, Jr., L. Darrell Norton; Jose L. Oropeza, and Benjamin Figueroa

789-795

Rocks and Rills: The Impact of Rock Fragments on Soil Loss by Concentrated Flow Erosion inLaboratory Experiments

Dirk Rieke-Zapp, M.A. Nearing, and J. Poesen

796-802

Measurement of Erodibility for Soils in Subtropical China by Simulated and Natural RainfallShi Xuezheng and Yu Dongsheng

803-806

xiv

Assessment of Erodibility, Runoff and Infiltration in an Uruguayan VertisolCarlos Victoria, Aarón Kacevas, and Héctor Fiori

807-811

Impacts of Mechanization on Surface Erosion and Mass Movements in Vineyards of the Anoia-Alt-Penedes Area (Catalonia-Spain)

Ildefonso Pla Sentís and Silvana Nacci Sulbarán

812-816

Soil Pollution by Acid Rains and Heavy Metals in Zlatna Region, RomaniaR. Lacatusu, M. Dumitru, I. Risnoveanu, C. Ciobanu, Mihaela Lungu, S. Carstea,Beatrice Kovacsovics, and Carmen Baciu

817-820

Potential of Conservation Tillage to Reduce Carbon Dioxide Emission in Australian SoilsH.B. So; R.C. Dalal; K.Y. Chan; N.M. Menzies, and D.M. Freebairn

821-826

Deposition Diagram studies - The Residual Erosion Potential of SoilsI. Sisak, M. Palkovics, and K. Plotar

827-833

A Comparison of Rain Erosivity Parameters for Predicting Soil Detachment on InterrillsChristian Salles, Jean Poesen, and Gerard Govers

834-837

Global Dimensions of Vulnerability to Wind and Water ErosionPaul Reich, Hari Eswaran, and Fred Beinroth

838-846

IX. Erosion ModelsKeynote: Soil Erosion Prediction Technology for Conservation PlanningGeorge R. Foster

847-851

Soil Erosion Models and Implications for Conservation of Sloping Tropical LandsC.W. Rose

852-859

From Plot to Continent: Reconciling Fine and Coarse Scale Erosion ModelsMike Kirkby

860-870

How WEPP Model Responds to Different Cropping and Management SystemsX.C. Zhang, M.A. Nearing, and L.D. Norton

871-876

WEPP Simulated Tillage Effects on Runoff and Sediment Losses in a Corn-Soybean RotationA.Z.H. Ranaivoson, S.C. Gupta, and J.F. Moncrief

877-881

Updating Slope Topography During Erosion Simulations with the Water Erosion Prediction ProjectJingcai Zhu, Seth M. Dabney, and Dennis C. Flanagan

882-887

Incorporating Surface Crusting and its Spatial Organization in Runoff and Erosion Modeling at theWatershed Scale

V. Souchere, O. Cerdan, Y. Le Bissonnais, A. Couturier, D. King, and F. Papy

888-895

Quantitative Field Estimations of Stickiness and Plasticity for Predicting WEPP Model ParametersDonald F. Post, RaeAnn Papp, and Laerte Ferreira

896-902

Application and Adaptation of WEPP to the Traditional Farming Systems of the Ethiopian HighlandsGete Zeleke

903-912

RUSLE Estimates of Soil Erosion in Cotton Production Systems in North AlabamaE. Z. Nyakatawa, K.C. Reddy, and J.L. Lemunyon

913-918

Using Fuzzy Logic-Based Modeling to Improve the Performance of the Revised Universal Soil LossEquation

L.T. Tran, M.A. Ridgley, M.A. Nearing, L. Duckstein, and R. Sutherland

919-923

The USLE-M and Modeling Erosion Within CatchmentsPeter I.A. Kinnell

924-928

Re-interpretation of USLE Datasets for Physically Based Erosion Models with Examples FromSouthern China and Northern Thailand

B. Yu, C.W. Rose, D. Yin, and C. Anecksamphat

929-934

Application of WEPS Generated Soil Loss Components to Assess Off-site ImpactsL.E. Wagner and L. J. Hagen

935-939

Wind Erosion Monitoring and Modeling Techniques in AustraliaJohn Leys, Grant McTainsh, and Yaping Shaos

940-950

xv

GPFARM: An Integrated Decision Support System for Sustainable Great Plains AgricultureJames C. Ascough II, Marvin J. Shaffer, Dana L. Hoag, Gregory S. McMaster, Lajpat R. Ahuja, andMark A. Weltz

951-960

Rapid Indicator-Based Soil Mapping for Regional Planning in Northern ThailandHorst Vogel, Taweesak Vearasilp, Kanitasri Hoontrakul, Sumitra Wattana, and Dagmar Bolsmann

961-965

GULTEM - The Model to Predict Gully Thermoerosion and Erosion (Theoretical Framework)Aleksey Sidorchuk

966-972

Actions Against Soil Erosion at The Single Field and the Catchment Scale Guided by ComputerSimulation

J. Schmidt, W. Schmidt, M.v. Werner, and A. Michael

973-978

A Non-parametric Analysis of Qualitative and Quantitative Data for Erosion Modeling: A Case Studyfor Ethiopia

B.G.J.S. Sonneveld, M.A. Keyzer and P.J. Albersen

979-993

Applying the SWAT Model as a Decision Support Tool for Land Use Concepts in Peripheral Regionsin Germany

N. Fohrer, K. Eckhardt, S. Haverkamp, and H.-G. Frede

994-999

The Usefulness of a New Model for the Gully-Control Structures Effects PredictionLucia Otlacan Nedelcu

1000-1007

Finite Element Modeling of Erosion on Agricultural LandsV.N. Sharda and Mark Nearing

1008-1017

Development of the Long Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment (LTHIA) WWW SystemsKyoung Jae Lim, Bernard A. Engel, Youngsug Kim, Budhendra Bhaduri, and Jon Harbor

1018-1023

Testing the Ephemeral Gully Erosion Model (EGEM) in Mediterranean EnvironmentsJ. Nachtergaele, J. Poesen, L. Vandekerckhove, D. Oostwoud Wijdenes, and M. Roxo

1024-1028

See also:Multiscale Simulation of Land Use Impact on Soil Erosion and Deposition PatternsHelena Mitasova, Lubos Mitas, and William M. Brown

1163-1169

X. Soil Survey, Erosion Surveys, TracersThe Early Soil Survey: Engine for the Soil Conservation MovementDouglas Helms

1029-1033

Assessment of Soil Erosion at the Watershed Scale From 137Cs MeasurementsClaude Bernard and Marc R. Laverdière

1034-1038

Comparing Erosion and Redeposition Rates and Patterns Upslope of a Grass Hedge Determined Using137Cesium and Field Survey Techniques

Jerry C. Ritchie

1039-1043

New Nuclear Methods for Studies of Soil Dynamics Utilizing Cosmic Ray Produced RadionuclidesDevendra Lal

1044-1052

Predicting Hillslope Scale Erosion on Disturbed Landscapes FromLaboratory Scale Measurements

H.B. So, G.J. Sheridan, C.P. Horn, and N. Currey

1053-1058

Use of Fly Ash as Time Marker in Soil Erosion and Sedimentation StudiesBy K. R. Olson and R. L. Jones

1059-1061

Regionalization Methods for Watershed Management - Hydrology and Soil Erosion from Point toRegional Scales

Chris S. Renschler, Tom Cochrane, Jon Harbor, Bernd Diekkrüger

1062-1067

Map of Soil Vulnerability and Degradation in EstoniaLoit Reintam, Igna Rooma, and Ain Kull

1068-1074

Identification of Severely Eroded Soils From Remote Sensing Data Tested in Rišňovce, SlovakiaEmil Fulajtar

1075-1081

A GIS-based Methodology for Soil Degradation EvaluationRami Zurayk, Faraj el Awar Christine Sayegh, Shady Hamadeh and Abdel Ghani Chehab

1082-1089

xvi

Estimation of Soil Erosion Using Remote Sensing and GIS, its Valuation and Economic Implicationson Agricultural Production

Manzul Kumar Hazarika and Kiyoshi Honda

1090-1093

XI. Water Conservation and QualityThe Mississippi Delta MSEA ProgramS.M. Dabney, R. A. Rebich, and J.W. Pote

1094-1110

Linking Intensive Monitoring Sites to Conservation PlanningJ.L. Hatfield, P. Heilman, and M. Adkins

1101-1105

Cooperation Between USDA and Bulgaria in Agro-environmental Water Quality ProgramsDimitar Stoichev, Marvin Shaffer, James Starr, Jerrell Lemunyon, Dimitranka Stoicheva, MilenaKercheva, and Venelina Kolev

1106-1111

Comparison of Root-Water-Uptake ModelsK.Y. Li, R. De Jong, and J.B. Boisvert

1112-1117

A Comparison of Manual and Computer-Assisted Drainage Delineation Methods for Hydrologic-UnitMap Development

Gregory P. Stanton

1118-1127

Spatial Patterns in Water Use Efficiency Created by Intensive Cultivation on Semi-arid HillslopesBas van Wesemael, Mark Mulligan, and Jean Poesen

1128-1133

Rationally Utilizing Water Resources to Control Soil Salinity in Irrigation DistrictsFang Sheng Chen Xiuling

1134-1138

Water Conservation, Harvesting and Management (WCHM) - Kenyan ExperienceKithinji Mutunga

1139-1143

Water Balance Components in the Canadian Mixed Wood EcozoneR. De Jong and K.B. MacDonald

1144-1151

Participatory Evaluation of Water Harvesting Techniques for Establishing Improved Mango Varietiesin Smallholder Farms of Mbeere District, Kenya

Jayne Mugwe, Mick O’Neill, Samuel Gachanja, Jonathan Muriuki, and Jack Mwangi

1152-1157

XII. Late Arriving PapersErosion Control by Amending Soil with Synthetic GypsumB.H. Wallace, L.D. Norton and R. Woodward

1158-1162

Multiscale Simulation of Land Use Impact on Soil Erosion and Deposition PatternsHelena Mitasova, Lubos Mitas, and William M. Brown

1163-1169

Supplemental Documents

Abstracts of Papers Presented at the 10th Meeting of the International Soil Conservation Organization

Guidebook for the Mid-week Field tour