switching technologies- 2 (basic switch configuration)

7/29/2019 Switching Technologies- 2 (Basic Switch Configuration)

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Basic switch configuration

1. Switches classification

2. Connecting to switch

3. Initial switch configuration

4. Updating switch firmware

5. Switch configuration loading and backup

6. Switches functional capabilities review


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Switches classification

There are three categories of switches:

Unmanaged switches;

Managed switches;

Smart switches.

Unmanaged switches do not support management and firmware update.

Managed switches are difficult devices, allowing to fulfill advanced functions of L2 and L3

of the OSI model. Switch management can be carried out through Web-interface, command

line interface (CLI), SNMP protocol, Telnet etc.

Smart switches take intermediate position. They give users possibility to configure certainnetwork parameters using intuitively clear management utilities, Web-interface, simplified

command line interface, SNMP protocol.


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Connecting to switch

Modern switches convenient:

- Web-interface;

- CLI;

- Telnet;

- SNMP-management.

D-Link Smart series switches also support initial configuration and firmware update

through D-Link SmartConsole Utility.


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To get connected to copper (RJ-

45 connector) Ethernet port of

other switch one can also use

any four-conjugate UTP cable of

5, 5, 6 category provided

that switch ports supportautomatic polarity

determination.

D-Link managed switches are equipped with a

console port. Depending on switch model,console port can have DB-9 or RJ-45 connector.

Connection through a console is also called

Out-of-Band connection which means that

console uses strategy different from usual

network connection (does not use bandwidth

of Ethernet ports).

After getting connected to switch console

port, it is necessary to launch VT100 terminal

emulation program (for example,

HyperTerminal in Windows). Then one should

set the following connection parameters

which, as a rule, are specified in device

documentation:



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When a switch is connected to a console, the following window appears (only for

switches with CLI):


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Use question sign ? also if you do not know command parameters. For example, if

you want to learn possible syntax variants of a show command, enter in acommand line:

DES-3528# show + space


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Step 1. Switch protection against unauthorized access.

Set one of the following levels of privileges:Admin, Operatoror User.

Admin account has the highest level of privileges.

It is possible to create user account using the following CLI commands:

create account [admin | operator | user]

After that an invitation for password entry and input acknowledgement appears:

Enter a case-sensitive new password:

Enter the new password again for confirmation:

Maximum length of login and password is from 0 to 15 characters.

One can create about 10 user accounts for a switch.

After the account is successfully created there will be a word Success on a screen.


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Example of the account with level of privileges admin and dlink user namecreation on DES-3528 switch:


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Change password


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Check up the and delete created account


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Step 2. IP address adjustment.IP address can be set automatically by DHCP or BOOTP protocols or statically, by the

following CLI commands:


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Step 3. Ports parameters configuration.

To set such parameters as transmit speed, full duplex/half-duplex operation, flowcontrol enable/disable, MAC addresses learning, automatic polarity determination etc.,

D-Link switches offer config ports command.


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Step 4. Saving current switch configuration in nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM) memory.

To do this execute save command.


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Step 5. Switch reboot using reboot command.


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Reset switch configuration

reset {[config | system]} {force_agree}

Ifno parameter is specified then switch current IP address, user accounts, and log-file arenot changed. All other parameters are restored to the factory default settings. Switch will

not save configuration in NVRAM and will not be rebooted.

If keyword config is specified, all factory default settings, including the IP address of

management interface, user accounts and log-file will be restored on the switch. A switch

will not save configuration in NVRAM and will not reboot.

If keyword system is specified, all factory default settings will be restored on the switch.

A switch will save these adjustments in NVRAM and will reboot.

The force_agree parameter allows to perform silent execution of reset command. It is not

necessary to enter Y/N. All factory default settings except IP address, user accounts and log-

file will be restored.


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Step 6. Switch information review. DES-3528#show switchCommand: show switch

Device Type : DES-3528 Fast Ethernet Switch

MAC Address : 00-1E-58-50-15-10

IP Address : 192.168.100.241 (Manual)

VLAN Name : default

Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0

Default Gateway : 0.0.0.0

Boot PROM Version : Build 1.00.B007

Firmware Version : Build 2.20.B028Hardware Version : A1

Serial Number : P1UM186000004

System Name :

System Location :

System Contact :

Spanning Tree : Disabled

GVRP : Disabled

IGMP Snooping : Disabled

MLD Snooping : Disabled

VLAN Trunk : Disabled

TELNET : Enabled (TCP 23)

WEB : Enabled (TCP 80)

SNMP : Disabled

SSL Status : Disabled

To get the information abouta switch (to look at its

general configuration)

execute show switch

command.


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Show commands

Show commands are convenient methods of checking switch parameters and its

state, giving the information required for monitoring and malfunctions detection.The list of general Show commands:

C i i h


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Connection to switch

management Web-interface

Communication between a client and a server is usually carried out through TCP/IP

connection (HTTP port number 80).

At the first connection to HTTP-server, it is necessary to do the following steps:

1. Check that IP address of a computer from which administration is exercised belongs tothe same subnet as IP address of a switch if routing is not adjusted in a network.

2. Then launch web-browser and enter default IP address of management interface (as a rule

it is underlined in user manual) in its address line.

3. User name and Password fields in the opened window of authentication are necessary toremain empty, after that press OK. Then switch Web-interface window will appear.

C ti t it h


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Connection to switch

management Web-interface

Area 1 contains folder list uniting set of functions intended for a certain task.

Area 2 represents graphical view of a front switch panel in real time. This area reflects ports,

switch expansion modules and their state.

Area 3 of Web-interface is a window intended for input and/or for a choice of data in area 1.


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Updating switch firmware

New firmware is downloaded on a switch via TFTP protocol (Trivial File Transfer Protocol).

To load firmware on a switch the following command is used (model DES-3528 is

considered; syntax in other models can differ):

For example:


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Switch configuration loading and backup


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Switches functional capabilities review

Many modern switches, irrespective of vendor, support a set of additional possibilities meeting

the common standards. Among the most widespread and the most used today are:

Virtual Local Area Networks (VLAN);

Spanning Tree protocols IEEE 802.1D, 802.1w, 802.1s;

Static and dynamic based on IEEE 802.3ad protocol Ethernet Link Aggregation;

Traffic segmentation;

Support of quality of service (QoS);

Security functions, including 802.1X authentication, Port Security, IP-MAC-Port Binding

functions etc.;

Multicast protocols;

Management with using of SNMP protocol, etc.

switching technologies- 2 (basic switch configuration)

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