swpbis building tier 2/3 systems adapted from lucille eber ed.d. illinois pbis network 1

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SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network www.pbisillinois.org 1

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Page 1: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

SWPBIS

Building Tier 2/3 Systems

Adapted fromLucille Eber Ed.D.

Illinois PBIS Networkwww.pbisillinois.org

1

Page 2: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Training Behavioral ExpectationsEXPECTATION TRAINING SITE

BE RESPONSIBLE Make yourself comfortable & take care of your needs

Address question/activity in group time before discussing “other” topics

Ask questions

BE RESPECTFUL Turn cell phones, beepers, and pagers “off” or to “vibrate”

Contribute where possible

BE PREPARED Follow up on tasks for next training day

Take (and Pass) notes (use Action Plan throughout day)

Page 3: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Outcomes

• Understand Tier 2/3 system infrastructure and resources

• Acquire an understanding of Tier2/3 teaming conversations necessary to match presenting problems with interventions

• Determine how to integrate, blend, or collaborate with other school & community student support teams

• Use a structured process for conducting team meetings

3

Page 4: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Outcomes

• Use appropriate tools to identify students with social, emotional and academic skill deficits

• Provide an array or menu of Tier 2/3 level supports for identified students

• Collect data with appropriate tools and analyze data to progress monitor student response and the effectiveness of the Tier 2 system

4

Page 5: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Agenda

• Tier 2/3: The Big Ideas• Tier 2/3: Systems Development• Tier 2/3 Interventions

– Check In/Check Out– Social/Academic Instructional Groups– Secondary Tier 2 Interventions with individual features– Brief Function-based Interventions

5

Page 6: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Tier 3/Tertiary Interventions 1-5%•Individual students•Assessment-based•High intensity

1-5% Tier 3/Tertiary Interventions•Individual students•Assessment-based•Intense, durable procedures

Tier 2/Secondary Interventions 5-15%•Some students (at-risk)•High efficiency•Rapid response•Small group interventions• Some individualizing

5-15% Tier 2/Secondary Interventions•Some students (at-risk)•High efficiency•Rapid response•Small group interventions•Some individualizing

Tier 1/Universal Interventions 80-90%•All students•Preventive, proactive

80-90% Tier 1/Universal Interventions•All settings, all students•Preventive, proactive

School-Wide Systems for Student Success:A Response to Instruction and Intervention (RtII) Model

6

Academic Systems Behavioral Systems

Illinois PBIS Network, Revised May 15, 2008. Adapted from “What is school-wide PBS?” OSEP Technical Assistance Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports. Accessed at http://pbis.org/schoolwide.htm

Page 7: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Tier 1/Universal School-Wide Assessment

School-Wide Prevention Systems

SIMEO Tools: HSC-T, RD-T, EI-T

Check-in/ Check-out (CICO)

Group Intervention with Individualized Feature (e.g., Check and Connect -CnC and Mentoring)

Brief Functional Behavior Assessment/Behavior Intervention Planning (FBA/BIP)

Complex or Multiple-domain FBA/BIP

Wraparound

ODRs, Attendance, Tardies, Grades, DIBELS, etc.

Daily Progress Report (DPR) (Behavior and Academic Goals)

Competing Behavior Pathway, Functional Assessment Interview, Scatter Plots, etc.

Social/Academic Instructional Groups (SAIG)

Positive Behavior Interventions & Supports:A Response to Instruction and Intervention (RtII) Model

Illinois PBIS Network, Revised October 2009Adapted from T. Scott, 2004

Tier 2/Secondary

Tier 3/Tertiary

Inte

rven

tio

nAssessm

en

t

Page 8: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Adapted from University of South Florida8

An Essential Shift in ThinkingThe central question is not:

“What about the students is causing the performance discrepancy?”

But“What about the interaction of the curriculum, instruction, learners and learning environment

should be altered so that the students will learn?”

This shift alters everything else.Ken Howell

Page 9: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

9

Tier 2 Essentials (BAT Aligned)

• Tier 1/Universal is implemented with high fidelity

• 80/80 on the School-Wide Evaluation Tool (SET) or 70 on the Benchmarks of Quality (B0Q)

• Data system is in place and used for decision making

Page 10: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Self Assessment and Safety Survey Review

• What are staff perceptions regarding Universal Tier 1 Systems in your building?– What is in place?– What has to be put into place?

• Are staff perceptions (online surveys) consistent with the core team (BoQ or SET) perceptions?– If not, what do we have to put into place to

strengthen the Universal Tier 1 System?

10

Page 11: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

3 Tier System of Support

Problem Solving Team (individual student)

Tertiary Systems Team

Secondary Systems Team

Universal Systems Team

PRACTICES PRACTICES PRACTICES PRACTICES

Data Decision Rule Data Decision Rule Data Decision Rule Data Decision Rule

UNIVERSAL SYSTEM SECONDARY SYSTEM TERTIARY SYSTEM

11

Page 12: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

12

Tier 2 Defined

Tier 2 interventions are intended to impact the behavior of students with similar behavior problems or causes for their behavior.

Adapted from: University of South Florida

Page 13: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Big Ideas about Tier 2/3

• At risk students benefit from:– clearly defined expectations– frequent feedback– consistency– positive reinforcement

• Problem behavior and academic success are often linked.

• Tier 2/3 behavior support continues the development of effective adult-student relationships.

13

Page 14: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Big Ideas about Tier 2/3

• Students receiving Tier 2/3 supports continue to have access to universal supports

• Administrators play a key role in the implementation of Tier 2/3 systems

14

Page 15: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Administrators

• Be active/visible on teams• Know what the practices look like when

implemented with fidelity• Be aware of data on the Tier 2/3 Interventions

Tracking Tool• Help decide what needs to change • Apply high-level problem-solving skills to

address systems level issues

15

Page 16: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Responding to Problem Behavior

• Adult response to problem behavior– adults must model being respectful in their

communications with students

• Utilize evidence based interventions– not using evidenced based interventions is not an

option

16

Page 17: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Student “Need” or System “Need”?

• There is a high use of restrictive settings for students with emotional or behavioral disorders; and the outcomes for these students are not good.

• There is no self-contained classroom nor one-to-one aide for students in life/society after high school; just jail.

• Students removed from general education due to emotional or behavioral factors, are more likely to go to jail than to have good life outcomes.

17

Page 18: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Student “Need” or System “Need”?

18

Page 19: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Some “Big Picture” Challenges

• Changing low intensity, low fidelity interventions for behavioral or emotional needs

• Habitual use of restrictive settings (and poor outcomes) for youth with disabilities

• High rate of undiagnosed mental health problems

• Changing ineffective practices that are “familiar” to systems

19

Page 20: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Ineffective Tier 2/3 Structures

• Referrals to special education seen as the “intervention”

• Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA) seen as required “paperwork” vs. a needed part of designing an intervention

• Interventions the system is familiar with vs. ones likely to produce an effect

20

Page 21: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Mental Health Partnerships

Why are mental health partnerships necessary?•Limited access to treatment•Excessive referrals to juvenile justice system•Under-identification of mental health needs•High rates of suicide among young adults

21

Page 22: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

A Systems Change Process

Goal is to establish host environments that support adoption, sustained use & expansion of evidence-based practices

(Zins & Ponti, 1990)

22

Page 23: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

SYSTEMS

PRACTICES

DATASupportingStaff

Behavior

SupportingDecisionMaking

SupportingStudent Behavior

STUDENT OUTCOMES

Social Competence &Academic Achievement

23

Page 24: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Tier 2/3 System Structures

24

Page 25: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Teaming at Tier 2• Secondary Systems Planning

– Individual students are NOT discussed– Monitors effectiveness of CICO, S/AIG, CICO with

individualized features, and Brief FBA/BIP supports– Review data in aggregate to make decisions on

improvements to the interventions themselves• Problem Solving Team

– Develops plans for one student at a time– Every school has this type of meeting– Teachers and family are typically invited

Page 26: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Secondary Systems Team Roles• Team Leader: responsible for agenda & overall

facilitation• Intervention Coordinators (CICO, S/AIG etc.):

report out on aggregate student data from interventions they facilitate (ex. “50 youth in CICO, 40 are responding”)

• Action Plan Recorder: a.k.a. note taker• Time Keeper: help team to set time limits and

stay within allotted time for each agenda item

Page 27: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Data-Based Decision-Making1) Student outcome data used:

– To identify youth in need of support and to identify appropriate intervention

– For on-going progress-monitoring of response to intervention

– To exit or transition youth off of interventions2) Intervention integrity or process data used:

– To monitor the effectiveness of the intervention itself

– To make decisions regarding the continuum/ menu of interventions/supports

This data is monitored by the Secondary Systems Team

Page 28: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

10 Critical Features for Tier 2 Interventions

1. Linked directly to school-wide expectations and/or academic goals

2. Continuously available for student participation

3. Implemented within 3 school days of determination that the student should receive the intervention

4. Can be modified based on assessment and/or outcome data

5. Includes structured prompts for ‘what to do’ in relevant situations

Individual Student Systems Evaluation Tool version 2.0Anderson, Lewis-Palmer, Todd, Horner, Sugai, & Sampson

Page 29: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

10 Critical Features

6. Results in student receiving positive feedback from staff

7. Includes a school-home communication exchange system at least weekly

8. Orientation materials provide information for a student to get started on the intervention

9. Orientation materials provide information for staff/ substitutes/ volunteers who have students using the intervention

10. Opportunities to practice new skills are provided dailyIndividual Student Systems Evaluation Tool version 2.0

Anderson, Lewis-Palmer, Todd, Horner, Sugai, & Sampson

Page 30: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

3-Tiered System of Support

Necessary Conversations (Teams)

CICO

SAIG

Group w. individual

feature

Complex

FBA/BIP

Problem Solving Team

Tertiary Systems Team

Brief

FBA/BIP

Brief FBA/BIP

WRAP

Secondary Systems Team

Plans SW & Class-wide supports

Uses Process data; determines overall

intervention effectiveness

Standing team; uses FBA/BIP process for one youth at a time

Uses Process data; determines overall

intervention effectiveness

UniversalTeam

Universal Support

31

Page 31: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

3-Tiered System of Support

Necessary Conversations (Teams)

CICO

SAIG

Group w. individual

feature

Complex

FBA/BIP

Problem Solving Team

Tertiary Systems Team

Brief

FBA/BIP

Brief FBA/BIP

WRAP

Secondary Systems Team

Plans SW & Class-wide supports

Uses Process data; determines overall

intervention effectiveness

Standing team; uses FBA/BIP process for one youth at a time

Uses Process data; determines overall

intervention effectiveness

UniversalTeam

Universal Support

32

Page 32: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Tier 3/Tertiary Interventions 1-5%•_____________________•_____________________•_____________________

1-5% Tier 3/Tertiary Interventions•___________________________•___________________________•___________________________

Tier 2/Secondary Interventions 5-15%•___________________________•___________________________•___________________________•___________________________•___________________________•___________________________

5-15% Tier 2/Secondary Interventions•____________________________•____________________________•____________________________•____________________________•____________________________•____________________________

Tier 1/Universal Interventions80-90%•________________________•________________________•________________________•________________________•________________________•________________________

80-90% Tier 1/Universal Interventions•____________________________•____________________________•____________________________•____________________________•____________________________

School-Wide Systems for Student Success:A Response to Intervention (RtI) Model: SUPPORTS

Academic Systems Behavioral Systems

Illinois PBIS Network, Revised May 15, 2008. Adapted from “What is school-wide PBS?” OSEP Technical Assistance Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports. Accessed at http://pbis.org/school-wide.htm

Page 33: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

1-5% 1-5%

5-10% 5-10%

80-90% 80-90%

Tertiary, Tier 3, Individual

Child Outcomes SurveyStrengths and Difficulties Q.Teacher feedbackAcademic data

Tertiary, Tier 3, Individual

•Guidance counselors see individual students•SBBH Team

Secondary, Tier 2 Group/Individual

Data from Tier One teamProgress monitoringData decision rules

Secondary, Tier 2 Group/Individual

•Guidance counselors run Targeted groups•IST•CICO•mentoring

Universal, Tier 1 Whole School ODRs, teacher nominations,Card system, MMS,

(lessons learned)

Universal, Tier 1, Whole school

•Guidance counselors teach “I Can Problem Solve” lessons•Treehab D and A awareness•Bully prevention/Character Ed•Peer Mediation

Montrose Elementary SchoolsK-6th Grade

Data Practices

Page 34: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Tier 3/Tertiary Interventions 1-5%1-5% Tier 3/Tertiary Interventions

•SBBH Team•Outpatient therapy•SB Partial•Guidance – individual support•SAVES/school aged mothers

Tier 2/Secondary Interventions 5-15%5-15% Tier 2/Secondary Interventions

•SAP•Guidance – groups•Community Partners – groups•Resource Officer

Tier 1/Universal Interventions80-90%

80-90% Tier 1/Universal Interventions•SWPBIS•Drug and Alcohol Prevention

School-Wide Systems for Student Success:A Response to Intervention (RtI) Model:

Resources

Illinois PBIS Network, Revised May 15, 2008. Adapted from “What is school-wide PBS?” OSEP Technical Assistance Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports. Accessed at http://pbis.org/school-wide.htm

Needs

Page 35: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Tier 3/Tertiary Interventions 1-5%•1:1 instruction•Increased time•504

1-5% Tier 3/Tertiary Interventions•SBMH, Partial Hospitalization•Alt Ed•FBA/PBISP•Home School Visitor

Tier 2/Secondary Interventions 5-15%•Title I Reading and Math•ERI, RM, RN, etc.•IST

5-15% Tier 2/Secondary Interventions•Counselor groups, lunch bunch•Friendship groups•Behavior Chart/plan•IST•Parenting Classes

Tier 1/Universal Interventions80-90%•Core Curriculum – reading and math•AIMS Web•MAP•PSSAs

80-90% Tier 1/Universal Interventions•Character Education curriculum•Bullying Prevention•SWPBS (some schools)•Act 211 D&A awareness•Counselor classroom lessons•Community Activities•Health Screening

School-Wide Systems for Student Success:A Response to Intervention (RtI) Model: SUPPORTS

Academic Systems Behavioral Systems

Illinois PBIS Network, Revised May 15, 2008. Adapted from “What is school-wide PBS?” OSEP Technical Assistance Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports. Accessed at http://pbis.org/school-wide.htm

Page 36: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Tier 2/3 Interventions

37

Page 37: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Critical Features of Tier 2 Group Interventions

• Intervention is continuously available• Rapid access to intervention (72 hr.)• Very low effort by teachers• Consistent with school-wide expectations• All staff/faculty in school are involved/have access• Flexible intervention based on descriptive functional

assessment• Adequate resources (admin., team)• Continuous monitoring for decision-making

38

Page 38: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Why do Tier 2 Interventions Work?

• Improved structure• Prompts throughout the day for correct behavior• System for linking student with at least one adult• Student chooses to participate

• Increased feedback• Feedback occurs more often• Feedback is tied to student behavior• Inappropriate behavior is less likely to be ignored or

rewarded

39

Page 39: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Why do Tier 2 Interventions Work?

• Increased frequency of acknowledgment/ reinforcement for appropriate behavior

• Adult and peer attention

• Linking school and home support

• Organized to morph into a self-management system

40

Page 40: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Why Data-Based Decision Rules ?

• Everyone needs to know how students become eligible for the intervention

• Everyone needs to know how progress is monitored

• Everyone needs to know how students exit the intervention

Page 41: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Time-Frames for Data Review

• Student outcome data (student effectiveness):– Intervention facilitator to review individual student data at

least every 2 weeks

• Process data (Intervention effectiveness):– Student aggregate data should be reviewed at least once a

month by Secondary Systems Team

Page 42: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Levels of Support for Tier 2

Tier 2/Secondary Interventions

Level 1 Simple Tier 2/Secondary Interventions: Check-in Check-Out

Level 2 Social/Academic Instructional Group: Social Skills, Anger Management, Grief Group

Level 3 Simple Tier 2/Secondary Interventions with Individual Features : CICO Individualized into a check and connect, mentoring, tutoring

Level 4 Brief Function Based Interventions: A simple function based behavior support plan for a student focused one one

specific behavior; Brief FBA/BIP for one behavior

43Illinois PBIS Network, Revised Sept., 2008

Page 43: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

44

Check-In/Check-Out

• Designed for Students with moderate problem behaviors

• Most appropriate when problem behaviors are maintained by adult/peer attention

• Students “check-in” with an adult at the start of each school day

• Students “check-out” with an adult at the conclusion of each school day

• Students get feedback from teachers throughout the day

Simple Tier 2 Level 1

Page 44: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

CICO Coaching Tips

• CICO is research based and the first level of support at Tier 2

• Teams need to establish decision rules• Communication with Universal Team is important• CICO requires building level commitment

– Staff Training/Overview

Page 45: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Sample Data-Based Decision-Rules

a) Identification for CICO:– Youth is identified by Universal Screener or has 3 or more

ODRs.b) Progress-monitoring:

– DPR data is collected daily & reviewed every other week. Data is collected for 4-6 weeks.

c) Exiting/transitioning:– Youth received a total of 80% of DPR points averaged per

day/week for 4 weeks and has had no new ODRs. Youth will be transitioned into being a CICO student mentor.

Page 46: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Other Data for Consideration

• Daily Progress Report (DPR) points earned each day (data entered into Excel or SWIS)

• Office Discipline Referrals• Suspensions• Attendance• Tardies• Follow-up questionnaire for teachers, family

member, or student who made referral

Page 47: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

48

Page 48: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Social and Academic Instructional Groups

49

Page 49: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Social Skills/Academic Instructional Groups

Three types of skills-building groups:1) Pro-social skills2) Problem-solving skills3) Academic Behavior Skills

Collect data and monitorprogress…daily? weekly?

What is your system for data collection?

50

Tier 2 Level 2Social/AcademicInstructional Groups

Page 50: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

51

Social Skills/Academic Instructional Groups

• Selection into groups should be based on youths’ reaction to life circumstance not existence of life circumstances (ex. fighting with peers, not family divorce)

• Goals for improvement should be common across student in same group (ex. use your words)

• Data should measure if skills are being USED in generalized settings (ex. classroom, not in counseling session)

• Stakeholders (teachers, family etc.) should have input into success of intervention (ex. Progress Report)

Page 51: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Critical Features

• Link to school wide expectations and/or academic goals

• Includes structured prompts for ‘what to do’ in relevant situations (transference and generalization)

• Results in student receiving positive feedback from staff

• Includes a school-home communication exchange system at least weekly

52

Page 52: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Choosing or Designing Group Interventions

• Pre-Packaged (social skill curriculum)

• Designed by school– Choose & modify lessons from pre-packaged

material based on skill group

and/or– Create Lesson Plans (Cool Tools) to directly teach

replacement behaviors

Page 53: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Identify and Implement Empirically Validated Curriculum/Materials

• Bully Proofing your School • Cool Tools: An Active Approach to Social Responsibility • First Steps to Success • Good Talking Words• Second Step Violence-Prevention Curricula • Stop and Think• Skillstreaming• The Social Skills Curriculum • The Tough Kid Social Skills • The Walker Social Skills Curriculum: The Accepts

Program

Page 54: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Examples of Tier 2 Group Interventions

• Newcomers Club• Homework Study Groups• Lunch Bunch• Bus Riders School• Grief GroupWhat are some of the group interventions inyour school?

55

Page 55: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

SAIG Lesson Plans:Linked to Behavioral Expectations

1) State behavioral expectations

2) Specify observable student behaviors (rules)

3) Model appropriate student behaviors

4) Students practice appropriate behaviors

5) Reinforce appropriate behaviors

Page 56: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Social Skills Group - Comparision Between Years

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student4*

Student 5 Student 6 Student7**

Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student4*

Student 5 Student 6 Student7**

01- 02 02- 03

Referrals Days Suspended

*Student 4 dropped from group after J anuary - Student choice**Student 7 - 2 Referrals 1st semester while in group. Parent did not sign for group to continue until 3-11-03. 6 of the referrals while out of group.

AverageDecrease

49%

Average

Decrease

63%

Page 57: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

58

Page 58: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Check-In/Check-Outwith Individualized Features

Page 59: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

CICO with Individualized Features

• Individualized Features• Mentoring• Check & Connect

60

Tier 2 Level 3Secondary Interventions With Individual Features

Page 60: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Individualized CICO CICO with one or more of the following changes (examples)

– Change Check-In location or time– One adult has scheduled check-in times with the student

throughout the day to provide ongoing support– Could use peer support instead of, or in addition to, adult

support

• Individualizations are fairly generic and are pre-designed by Secondary Systems Team– These would be listed on Reverse Request for Assistance– Makes ‘individualizing’ quick/efficient

• Involves a Daily Progress Report with individualized goals (often used as part of a Behavior Intervention Plan)

Page 61: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Individualized CICO: School Examples:

• Add a ‘check-in’ before a problematic time of day (lunch, gym, etc…)

• A ‘buddy’ accompanies youth when checking-in and checking-out.

• Youth checks-in with an adult at his locker in the morning.

Page 62: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Mentoring

Page 63: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Types of School-Based Mentoring

• School-day Mentoring With School Personnel• Students matched with adults in the building

• After-School Mentoring• Youth participate in after school recreational and education-based

activities• Often times includes matching older students with younger students

(cross-age)• Facilitated by teachers, clinical staff, and education professionals

• Community Mentoring• Students are matched with a adult mentor from the community and

typically engage in activities together such as games, arts and crafts, sports, educational activities and conversation

Page 64: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Mentoring: School Examples

• School-day Mentoring With School Personnel– Montrose example – teachers volunteer to be

mentors and are matched with a student when the need arises. Mentors implement CICO.

• Community Mentoring– Schools partnering with Big Brothers/ Big Sisters

• Mentors join students for lunch, help with school work or play basketball

Page 65: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Check & Connect

Page 66: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Check & Connect• Originally focused on High School & Middle

School youth but manual now addresses Elementary School as well (2008)

• Considered a ‘drop-out prevention’ intervention• Manual recommends: “To use the name Check

& Connect, must adhere to the 4 Components & 7 Core Elements of the model.”

Page 67: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Check & Connect: 4 Components

1. Mentor who keeps education salient for students

2. Systematic monitoring (grades, attendance etc.)

3. Timely & individualized intervention

4. Enhancing home-school communication & home support for learning

Page 68: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Check & Connect: 7 Core Elements

1. Relationships (2 years recommended)

2. Problem solving (Cognitive-Behavioral approach)

3. Individualized, data-based intervention

4. Affiliation with school & learning

5. Persistence-Plus (familiar with youth & family)

6. A focus on alterable indicators of disengagement (warning signs of drop-out)

7. Following students & families (even if leave district)

Page 69: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Examples of CnC Mentor Activities

• Before leaving for work, calls 3 students to make sure they are awake

• Stops at house of youth that doesn’t answer phone & leaves note for family/student

• Meets with one youth before classes start• Social Worker discusses concerns regarding

one of the CnC youth with the Mentor• Hosts open-door lunch for any youth that wants

to come by or eat there

Page 70: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

CnC Critical FeaturesIncludes:•Structured prompts for ‘what to do’ in relevant situations

– Goals from mentoring may be reflected as skills in DPR, especially academic-related goals like doing homework, studying etc.

•Orientation materials for staff/subs/volunteers who have students using the intervention

– Critical to clarify expectations/rules with all involved

• A school-home communication exchange system at least weekly– Phone calls home, home visits, letters to families etc.

•Decision rules for entering, exiting, and progress monitoring

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3 Tier System of Support

Problem Solving Team (individual student)

Tertiary Systems Team

Secondary Systems Team

Universal Systems Team

PRACTICES PRACTICES PRACTICES PRACTICES

Data Decision Rule Data Decision Rule Data Decision Rule Data Decision Rule

UNIVERSAL SYSTEM SECONDARY SYSTEM TERTIARY SYSTEM

73

Page 73: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Brief Function-based Interventions

Tools•ABC Chart•Scatterplot•Functional Assessment Screening Tool (FAST)•Efficient Functional Behavioral Assessment: Functional Assessment Checklist for Teachers and Staff (FACTS)

– http://www.pbis.org/common/pbisresources/tools/EfficientFBA_FACTS.pdf

Data•Daily Progress Report•SWIS or other data management individual student report•Grades•Attendance•Suspensions

74

Tier 2 Level 4Brief Function-basedInterventions

Page 74: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Why Do Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA)?

• Behavior intervention plans built from functional assessment are more effective.

• Research indicates clearly that an effective intervention is tied to function.

Page 75: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Outcomes of a Functional Behavioral Assessment

• Operationally defined problem behavior(s)

• Identify routines in which the problem behavior is most and least likely to occur

• Define the antecedent events (triggers; setting events) that predict when the problem behavior is most likely

• Define the ONE consequence that contributes most to maintaining the problem behavior in that routine.

• Summary Statement of findings.

Page 76: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Identifying Who Needs a FBA/BIP• Kids are referred to an individual problem solving team by the

Secondary Systems Team typically when lower-level, Simple Secondary, interventions do not result in adequate progress.

– Any student not responding adequately to CICO, S/AIG and/or Mentoring etc. (CnC etc.).

– Request for Assistance made:• Data identifies student as in need (# of ODRs, suspensions,

absences, etc..).• Exception to the system: Adult perceives youth as in urgent

need (lower-level support not seen as adequate)

Page 77: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

The FBA/BIP Process1) Secondary Systems Team identifies youth needing FBA/BIP level of

support. Referral to individual Problem-Solving Team meeting.

2) FBA/BIP facilitator (i.e. social worker, counselor, psychologist) takes lead in organizing data and using tools to conduct the FBA.

3) FBA/BIP facilitator generates FBA summary based on data to share with Problem-Solving Team.

4) Problem-Solving Team develops BIP (with stakeholders).

4) Follow-up meeting scheduled (in 4-6 wks) for all stakeholders to review progress of BIP.

4) Weekly data monitored by FBA/BIP Facilitator.

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Page 79: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

3 Tier System of Support

Problem Solving Team (individual student)

Tertiary Systems Team

Secondary Systems Team

Universal Systems Team

PRACTICES PRACTICES PRACTICES PRACTICES

Data Decision Rule Data Decision Rule Data Decision Rule Data Decision Rule

UNIVERSAL SYSTEM SECONDARY SYSTEM TERTIARY SYSTEM

80

Page 80: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Secondary Systems Planning Team Meeting Agenda

• Number of youth in CICO (record on TT)? – Number of youth responding (record on TT)?

* Send Reverse Request for Assistance to teachers of all youth not responding

– Number of new youth potentially entering intervention (share # of RFAs, Universal Screening info and/or youth who met the data-based decision-rule cut offs for Secondary support)?

• Repeat for S/AIG, Mentoring & Brief FBA/BIP• If less than 70% of youth are responding to any of

the interventions, the Secondary Systems team should review the integrity of the intervention and make adjustments as needed.

Page 81: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Interventions

Check-in Check-out (CICO)

Tier 2 Level 1

Social/Academic Instructional Groups

Tier 2 Level 2

Simple Tier 2 Interventions with Indiv.

Features (e.g. CnC)Tier 2 Level 3

Brief Function-based Interventions

Tier 2 Level 4

Complex/Multiple-life -domain FBA/BIP

Tier 3 Level 1

Wraparound Support

Tier 3 Level 2# Students

Participating# Students Responding

# Students Participating

# Students Responding

# Students Participating

# Students Responding

# Students Participating

# Students Responding

# Students Participating

# Students Responding

# Students Participating

# Students Responding

July                        

August                        

September                        

October                        

November                        

December                        

January                        

February                        

March                        

April                        

May                        

June                        

82

Please list below how your school defines “responding” at each of the six levels:1. Responding to CICO:2. Responding to Social/Academic instructional groups:3. Responding to Simple Tier 2 with Individualized Features (i.e. CNC):4. Responding to Brief Function-Based Interventions:5. Responding to Complex Function-based Interventions:6. Responding to Wraparound Plans:

Tier 2 /Tier 3 Interventions Tracking Tool

School__________________ Monitor______________________

Page 82: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

83

Page 83: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

3 Tier System of Support

Problem Solving Team (individual student)

Tertiary Systems Team

Secondary Systems Team

Universal Systems Team

PRACTICES PRACTICES PRACTICES PRACTICES

Data Decision Rule Data Decision Rule Data Decision Rule Data Decision Rule

UNIVERSAL SYSTEM SECONDARY SYSTEM TERTIARY SYSTEM

84

Page 84: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1

Interventions

Check-in Check-out (CICO)

Tier 2 Level 1

Social/Academic Instructional Groups

Tier 2 Level 2

Simple Tier 2 Interventions with Indiv.

Features (e.g. CnC)Tier 2 Level 3

Brief Function-based Interventions

Tier 2 Level 4

Complex/Multiple-life -domain FBA/BIP

Tier 3 Level 1

Wraparound Support

Tier 3 Level 2# Students

Participating# Students Responding

# Students Participating

# Students Responding

# Students Participating

# Students Responding

# Students Participating

# Students Responding

# Students Participating

# Students Responding

# Students Participating

# Students Responding

July                        

August                        

September                        

October                        

November                        

December                        

January                        

February                        

March                        

April                        

May                        

June                        

85

Please list below how your school defines “responding” at each of the six levels:1. Responding to CICO:2. Responding to Social/Academic instructional groups:3. Responding to Simple Tier 2 with Individualized Features (i.e. CNC):4. Responding to Brief Function-Based Interventions:5. Responding to Complex Function-based Interventions:6. Responding to Wraparound Plans:

Tier 2 /Tier 3 Interventions Tracking Tool

School__________________ Monitor______________________

Page 85: SWPBIS Building Tier 2/3 Systems Adapted from Lucille Eber Ed.D. Illinois PBIS Network  1