syed mobashir banoori pakistan atomic energy commission …€¦ · energy mix of pakistan ......
TRANSCRIPT
Syed Mobashir Banoori
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC)
Scheme of Presentation Power Sector in Pakistan
Energy Mix of Pakistan
Energy Consumption
Generation Cost
Status of NPPs in Pakistan
Significant Challenges
Viability of SMR in Pakistan
SMR Requirements of Pakistan
Nuclear Experience of Pakistan
Technical Collaboration
Power Sector in Pakistan Mix of Hydro, Thermal and Nuclear Power units
Hydro and Thermal units are governed by two public sector utilities that are Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) for all of Pakistan except Karachi, and the K-Electric for the City of Karachi and its surrounding areas.
Nuclear Power units are operated by PAEC
Independent power producers contribute significantly in electricity generation
Energy Mix of Pakistan
Source: Pakistan Economic Survey 2016-17
62%
28%
6% 4%
Thermal
Hydro
Nuclear
RES
50% 26%
10% 8%
Household
Industry
Agriculture
Commercial
Energy Consumption in Pakistan
Source: Pakistan Economic Survey 2016-17
Generation Cost in Pakistan
Source: Pakistan NEPRA
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Solar Wind Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro
KANUPP CHASNUPP-1 CHASNUPP-2 CHASNUPP-3 CHASNUPP-4
CAPACITY(GROSS) MW
137/100 325 330 340 340
GRID CONNECTION
OCT 1972 JUN 2000 MAR 2011 OCT 2016 JUN 2017
CURRENT CAPACITY FACTOR
48% 97% 100% 93% 52%
Status of NPPs in Pakistan
KANUPP-2 KANUPP-3
CAPACITY(GROSS) MW 1100 1100
FCD 20-08-2015 31-05-2016
GRID CONNECTION
2020 2021
Operational
Under Construction
Capacity Factors
Source: Pakistan NEPRA
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Nuclear Thermal Hydro Public SectorThermal
Wind Solar
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17
Significant Challenges
Balancing Pakistan's supply against increasing demand for electricity
Diversification of Power generation sources
Reduction in imported fossil fuel bill
Preservation of limited gas resource
Ageing T&D system leading to high line losses
Reduction of GHG emissions from power generation
Unrealistic power tariff
Revenue recovery issues
Viability of SMR in Pakistan
Severe electricity shortfall / energy crisis
Needs for quick clean and economic energy resources
Plans for generation of 8800 MWe from nuclear contribution by 2030
Small and localized grid
Large far-flung areas requiring small power plants
Modular design of SMRs will allow customized NPPs for different regions
Northern areas face severe winter hence district heating could be provided through deployment of SMR
Long coastal area with severe shortage of potable water specially in metropolitan of Karachi
Desalination using nuclear energy through deployment of SMR is viable
Hybrid energy systems based on SMRs could be deployed in wind corridors and sun rich areas
Ship based SMR is also a feasible option for coastal areas
Viability of SMR in Pakistan
SMR Requirements of Pakistan
Integrated Modular PWR type- Generation III+ designs
Preferably natural circulation based NSSS
Enhanced safety features
Simplified systems and layout
Modern digital I&C system
Reduced siting requirements
Preferably underground containment
Multipurpose applications of electricity generation and desalination
Technical Requirements Feature Requirement
Reactor type Generation III+ innovative PWR, Integrated NSSS, modular design
Single reactor unit module 35-100 MWe
Number of modules per NPP 02 Minimum, extendable to 04 modules
Safety systems Increased passivity, elimination of major accidents by design
Plant life > 40 years
Steam Generator Once-through helical coil
CRDMs Internal
Cogeneration Required
Core damage frequency < 10-6
events/reactor year
Construction Time ~ 36 months
Seismic qualification 0.30 g
Issues related to SMR deployment
Choosing best amongst prevailing designs and technologies
Economic viability and investment protection
Fuel availability/manufacturing
Different operational characteristics
Periodic maintenance and Inspections
Training and capacity building
Risk Assessment
Nuclear Experience of Pakistan 46 years of successful nuclear power generation through
small & medium sized reactors Multiple nuclear reactors are in operation Complete nuclear power program is under safeguards of
IAEA Manufacturing of some components and equipment for
nuclear power plants Involvement in design of nuclear power plants and design
modifications Strong infrastructure of Human Resource development and R&D facilities
Technical Collaboration
Based on technical capabilities and design confidence, Pakistan has the ability to pursue for indigenous development of SMRs, however, due to urgent needs of energy crisis, acquisition of SMRs is also under consideration
Owing to innovative ideas in development of SMRs, collaboration with technology holder countries is viable
Theme of Technical Collaboration
Information exchange and knowledge transfer
Participation in design and development activities
Development of testing and qualification facilities
Mutual technological advancement and improvement
Formation of Joint working groups for continual collaboration
Potential Areas for Collaboration
Design Conceptual to detailed stage Systems and equipment design Thermal hydraulics and core design PSA and accident analysis
Equipment manufacturing Testing Installation Licensing Commissioning and operation
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