symbiotic relationships - cusd80.com
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Symbiotic Relationships3 Main Types
p.
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• Symbiosis—is a close relationship between
two species in which at least one of the
species benefits.
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Mutualism + +• Both species benefit. + +
(Benefit means to be helped.)
• Examples-bat in saguaro cactus
• Ants in acacia trees
•Oxpeckers on hippo
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Commensalism + neither(+ means benefits or is helped)
• One species benefits and the other species is neither helped nor harmed. + neither
• Examples-hawk and saguaro cactus
• Not very common because usually some harm is done. Example-hole in cactus for owl nest.
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Parasitism + -
• One organism lives on or inside another organism
and harms it. + -
• The organism that benefits is the parasite. +
• The organism that it lives on or in is called a host. –
• Examples-fleas, ticks, leeches, tapeworms
• Parasite does not usually kill host. If host dies, the
parasite loses its source of food.
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Which type of symbiotic relationship
is this?
Bee in flower
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Which type of symbiotic relationship
is this?
Bird nesting in a tree
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Which type of symbiotic relationship
is this?
Lichen growing on rocks—
lichen is a fungus and an
algae growing together
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Which type of symbiotic relationship
is this?
Fungus growing on wheat
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Which type of symbiotic relationship
is this?
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• An example of mutual symbiosis is the relationship between clownfish of the genus Amphiprion (family, Pomacentridae) that dwell among the tentacles of tropical sea anemones. The territorial fish protects the anemone from anemone-eating fish, and in turn the stinging tentacles of the anemone protects the anemone fish from its predators (a special mucus on the anemone fish protects it from the stinging tentacles).
• Some goby fish species live in symbiosis with a shrimp.
• Another example is the goby fish, which sometimes lives together with a shrimp. The shrimp digs and cleans up a burrow in the sand in which both the shrimp and the goby fish live. The shrimp is almost blind leaving it vulnerable to predators when above ground. In case of danger the goby fish touches the shrimp with its tail to warn it of imminent danger. When that happens both the shrimp and goby fish quickly retract into the burrow.
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Bacteria in gut of cow
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Burs in animal fur
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Ichneumons lay eggs on eggs/larvae
of other insects
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Microscopic organisms live inside
termites
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Threadworms infect sheep intestine
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Dodder plant winds around another
plant and forms roots into the plant
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A remora attaches to a shark
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Barnacles on a whale
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Ants herd aphids
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Orchids grow on other plants for
support
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Mistletoe growing on oak tree
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Bacteria in human digestive tract
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Symbiotic Relationship Poster• Create a poster of two fictitious species
(plant, animal or microorganism)
Draw a picture to fill the poster.
Title the poster with the assigned type of symbiotic relationship.
Write on the poster a description of each of the species.
Describe how the two species interact in the symbiotic relationship and tell where they live.