syntax - lane kenworthy...258[g-2] graph twoway lowess— local linear smooth plots notice also the...

Title

[G-2] graph twoway lowess — Local linear smooth plots

Syntax Menu Description OptionsRemarks and examples References Also see

Syntaxtwoway lowess yvar xvar

[if] [

in] [

, options]

options Description

bwidth(#) smoothing parametermean use running-mean smoothingnoweight use unweighted smoothinglogit transform the smooth to logitsadjust adjust smooth’s mean to equal yvar’s mean

cline options change look of the line

axis choice options associate plot with alternative axis

twoway options titles, legends, axes, added lines and text, by, regions, name,aspect ratio, etc.

See [G-3] cline options, [G-3] axis choice options, and [G-3] twoway options.

MenuGraphics > Twoway graph (scatter, line, etc.)

Descriptiongraph twoway lowess plots a lowess smooth of yvar on xvar using graph twoway line; see

[G-2] graph twoway line.

Optionsbwidth(#) specifies the bandwidth. bwidth(.8) is the default. Centered subsets of N*bwidth()

observations, N = number of observations, are used for calculating smoothed values for eachpoint in the data except for endpoints, where smaller, uncentered subsets are used. The greater thebwidth(), the greater the smoothing.

mean specifies running-mean smoothing; the default is running-line least-squares smoothing.

noweight prevents the use of Cleveland’s (1979) tricube weighting function; the default is to use theweighting function.

256

[G-2] graph twoway lowess — Local linear smooth plots 257

logit transforms the smoothed yvar into logits.

adjust adjusts by multiplication the mean of the smoothed yvar to equal the mean of yvar. This isuseful when smoothing binary (0/1) data.

cline options specify how the lowess line is rendered and its appearance; see [G-3] cline options.

axis choice options associate the plot with a particular y or x axis on the graph; see[G-3] axis choice options.

twoway options are a set of common options supported by all twoway graphs. These options allowyou to title graphs, name graphs, control axes and legends, add lines and text, set aspect ratios,create graphs over by() groups, and change some advanced settings. See [G-3] twoway options.

Remarks and examples

graph twoway lowess yvar xvar uses the lowess command—see [R] lowess—to obtain a locallinear smooth of yvar on xvar and uses graph twoway line to plot the result.

Remarks are presented under the following headings:

Typical useUse with by( )

Typical use

The local linear smooth is often graphed on top of the data, possibly with other regression lines:

. use http://www.stata-press.com/data/r13/auto(1978 Automobile Data)

. twoway scatter mpg weight, mcolor(*.6) ||lfit mpg weight ||lowess mpg weight

10

20

30

40

2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000Weight (lbs.)

Mileage (mpg) Fitted values

lowess mpg weight

Notice our use of mcolor(*.6) to dim the points and thus make the lines stand out; see[G-4] colorstyle.

258 [G-2] graph twoway lowess — Local linear smooth plots

Notice also the y-axis title: “Mileage (mpg)/Fitted values/lowess mpg weight”. The “Fitted values”was contributed by twoway lfit and “lowess mpg weight” by twoway lowess. When you overlaygraphs, you nearly always need to respecify the axis titles using the axis title options ytitle() andxtitle(); see [G-3] axis title options.

Use with by( )

graph twoway lowess may be used with by():

. use http://www.stata-press.com/data/r13/auto, clear(1978 Automobile Data)

. twoway scatter mpg weight, mcolor(*.6) ||lfit mpg weight ||lowess mpg weight ||, by(foreign)

10

20

30

40

2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000

Domestic Foreign

Mileage (mpg) Fitted values

lowess mpg weight

Weight (lbs.)

Graphs by Car type

ReferencesCleveland, W. S. 1979. Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplots. Journal of the American

Statistical Association 74: 829–836.

Cox, N. J. 2005. Speaking Stata: Smoothing in various directions. Stata Journal 5: 574–593.

. 2010. Software Updates: Speaking Stata: Smoothing in various directions. Stata Journal 10: 164.

Royston, P., and N. J. Cox. 2005. A multivariable scatterplot smoother. Stata Journal 5: 405–412.

Also see[R] lowess — Lowess smoothing[G-2] graph twoway mspline — Twoway median-spline plots

http://www.stata-journal.com/sjpdf.html?articlenum=gr0021http://www.stata-journal.com/sjpdf.html?articlenum=up0027http://www.stata-journal.com/sjpdf.html?articlenum=gr0017

Contents[IG] Installation GuideSimple installationBefore you installStata for Windows installationStata for Mac installationStata for Unix installation

Installing Stata for WindowsUpgrade or update?Upgrading to Stata/MP, Stata/SE, or Stata/ICBefore you installInstallationInitialize the licenseUpdate Stata if necessaryRegister your copyCreating network shortcutsOther ways to start StataExiting StataVerifying installation

Installing Stata for MacUpgrade or update?Upgrading to Stata/MP, Stata/SE, or Stata/ICWarning against multiple Stata applicationsBefore you installInstallationInitialize the licenseUpdate Stata if necessaryRegister your copyOther ways to start StataExiting Stata

Installing Stata for UnixInstallation overviewFind your installation DVD and paper licenseObtain superuser accessCreate a directory for StataUpgradingInstall StataInitialize the licenseSet the message of the day (optional)Verify that Stata is workingModify shell start-up scriptUpdate Stata if necessaryStarting StataExiting StataTroubleshooting Unix installationTroubleshooting Unix start-upStata(console) starts but Stata(GUI) does not

Platforms and flavorsAvailable platformsAvailable flavors

Documentation

[GS] Getting Started[GSM] MacContents1 Introducing Stata---sample sessionIntroducing StataSample sessionSimple data managementDescriptive statisticsA simple hypothesis testDescriptive statistics---correlation matricesGraphing dataModel fitting: Linear regressionCommands versus menusKeeping track of your workConclusion

2 The Stata user interfaceThe windowsThe toolbarThe Command windowThe Results windowThe Review windowThe Variables windowThe Properties windowMenus and dialogsThe working directory

3 Using the ViewerThe Viewer's purposeViewer buttonsViewer's functionViewing local text files, including SMCL filesViewing remote files over the InternetNavigating within the ViewerPrintingTabs in the ViewerRight-clicking on the Viewer windowSearching for help in the ViewerCommands in the ViewerUsing the Viewer from the Command window

4 Getting helpSystem helpSearching helpHelp and search commandsThe Stata reference manuals and User's GuideThe Stata Journal and the Stata Technical BulletinStata videos

5 Opening and saving Stata datasetsHow to load your dataset from disk and save it to disk

6 Using the Data EditorThe Data EditorButtons on the Data EditorData entryNotes on data entryRenaming and formatting variablesCopying and pasting dataNotes on copying and pastingChanging dataWorking with snapshotsDates and the Data EditorData Editor adviceFiltering and hidingBrowse mode

7 Using the Variables ManagerThe Variables ManagerThe Variable paneRight-clicking on the Variable paneThe Variable Properties paneManaging notes

8 Importing dataCopying and pastingCommands for importing dataThe import delimited commandImporting files from other software

9 Labeling dataMaking data readableThe dataset structure: The describe commandLabeling datasets and variablesLabeling values of variables

10 Listing data and basic command syntaxCommand syntaxlist with a variable listlist with iflist with if, common mistakeslist with inControlling the list outputMoreBreak

11 Creating new variablesgenerate and replacegeneratereplacegenerate with string variables

12 Deleting variables and observationsclear, drop, and keepclear and drop _alldropkeep

13 Using the Do-file Editor---automating StataThe Do-file EditorThe Do-file Editor toolbarUsing the Do-file EditorThe File menuThe Edit menuThe View > Do-file Editor menuSaving interactive commands from Stata as a do-fileProjects

14 Graphing dataWorking with graphsA simple graph exampleGraph windowSaving and printing graphsRight-clicking on the Graph windowThe Graph button

15 Editing graphsThe Graph Editor

16 Saving and printing results by using logsUsing logs in StataLogging outputWorking with logsPrinting logsRerunning commands as do-files

17 Setting font and window preferencesChanging and saving fonts and sizes and positions of your windowsGraph windowAll other windowsChanging color schemesManaging multiple sets of preferencesClosing and opening windows

18 Learning more about StataWhere to go from hereSuggested reading from the User's Guide and reference manualsInternet resources

19 Updating and extending Stata---Internet functionalityInternet functionality in StataUsing files from the InternetOfficial Stata updatesAutomatic update checkingFinding user-written programs by keywordDownloading user-written programs

A Troubleshooting StataA.1 If Stata does not startA.2 Troubleshooting tips

B Advanced Stata usageB.1 Executing commands every time Stata is startedB.2 Other ways to launch StataB.3 Stata batch modeB.4 Memory size considerations

C More on Stata for MacC.1 Using Stata datasets and graphs created on other platformsC.2 Exporting a Stata graph to another documentC.3 Stata and the Notification ManagerC.4 Stata(console) for Mac OS X

Subject indexABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPRSTUVWXY

[GSU] UnixContents1 Introducing Stata---sample sessionIntroducing StataSample sessionSimple data managementDescriptive statisticsA simple hypothesis testDescriptive statistics---correlation matricesGraphing dataModel fitting: Linear regressionCommands versus menusKeeping track of your workConclusion

2 The Stata user interfaceThe windowsThe toolbarThe Command windowThe Results windowThe Review windowThe Variables windowThe Properties windowMenus and dialogsThe working directory

3 Using the ViewerThe Viewer in Stata(GUI)The Viewer's purposeViewer buttonsViewer's functionViewing local text files, including SMCL filesViewing remote files over the InternetNavigating within the ViewerPrintingTabs in the ViewerRight-clicking on the Viewer windowSearching for help in the ViewerCommands in the ViewerUsing the Viewer from the Command window



6 Using the Data EditorThe Data Editor in Stata(GUI)Buttons on the Data EditorData entryNotes on data entryRenaming and formatting variablesCopying and pasting dataNotes on copying and pastingChanging dataWorking with snapshotsDates and the Data EditorData Editor adviceFiltering and hidingBrowse mode

7 Using the Variables ManagerThe Variables Manager in Stata(GUI)The Variable paneRight-clicking on the Variable paneThe Variable Properties paneManaging notes

8 Importing dataCopying and pasting in Stata(GUI)Commands for importing dataThe import delimited commandImporting files from other software





13 Using the Do-file Editor---automating StataThe Do-file Editor in Stata(GUI)The Do-file Editor toolbarUsing the Do-file EditorThe File menuThe Edit menuThe View menuThe Tools menuSaving interactive commands from Stata as a do-fileProjects






19 Updating and extending Stata---Internet functionalityInternet functionality in StataUsing files from the InternetOfficial Stata updatesFinding user-written programs by keywordDownloading user-written programs

A Troubleshooting StataA.1 If Stata(GUI) and Stata(console) do not startA.2 If Stata(console) starts but Stata(GUI) does notA.3 Troubleshooting tips

B Advanced Stata usageB.1 Executing commands every time Stata is startedB.2 Advanced starting of Stata for UnixB.3 Stata batch modeB.4 Using X Windows remotelyB.5 Summary of environment variablesB.6 Memory size considerations

C Stata manual pages for UnixconrenSyntaxDescriptionFinding a color schemeCan your terminal underline?If you had successIf you did not have successAlso see

stataSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examples

Subject indexABCDEFGHIKLMNOPRSTUVWXY

[GSW] WindowsContents1 Introducing Stata---sample sessionIntroducing StataSample sessionSimple data managementDescriptive statisticsA simple hypothesis testDescriptive statistics---correlation matricesGraphing dataModel fitting: Linear regressionCommands versus menusKeeping track of your workConclusion

2 The Stata user interfaceThe windowsThe toolbarThe Command windowThe Results windowThe Review windowThe Variables windowThe Properties windowMenus and dialogsThe working directoryFine control of Stata's windowsWindow typesDocking windowsAuto Hide and pinningNondocking windows

3 Using the ViewerThe Viewer's purposeViewer buttonsViewer's functionViewing local text files, including SMCL filesViewing remote files over the InternetNavigating within the ViewerPrintingTabs in the ViewerRight-clicking on the Viewer windowSearching for help in the ViewerCommands in the ViewerUsing the Viewer from the Command window



6 Using the Data EditorThe Data EditorButtons on the Data EditorData entryNotes on data entryRenaming and formatting variablesCopying and pasting dataNotes on copying and pastingChanging dataWorking with snapshotsDates and the Data EditorData Editor adviceFiltering and hidingBrowse mode

7 Using the Variables ManagerThe Variables ManagerThe Variable paneRight-clicking on the Variable paneThe Variable Properties paneManaging notes

8 Importing dataCopying and pastingCommands for importing dataThe import delimited commandImporting files from other software





13 Using the Do-file Editor---automating StataThe Do-file EditorThe Do-file Editor toolbarUsing the Do-file EditorThe File menuThe Edit menuThe View menuThe Tools menuSaving interactive commands from Stata as a do-fileProjects






19 Updating and extending Stata---Internet functionalityInternet functionality in StataUsing files from the InternetOfficial Stata updatesAutomatic update checkingFinding user-written programs by keywordDownloading user-written programs

A Troubleshooting StataA.1 If Stata does not startA.2 Troubleshooting tips

B Advanced Stata usageB.1 The Windows Properties SheetB.2 Making shortcutsB.3 Executing commands every time Stata is startedB.4 Other ways to launch StataB.5 Stata batch modeB.6 Running simultaneous Stata sessionsB.7 Memory size considerations

C More on Stata for WindowsC.1 Using Stata datasets and graphs created on other platformsC.2 Exporting a Stata graph to another documentC.3 Installing Stata for Windows on a network driveC.4 Changing a Stata for Windows license

Subject indexABCDEFGHIKLMNOPRSTUVWXY

[U] User's GuideContentsStata basics1 Read this---it will help1.1 Getting Started with Stata1.2 The User's Guide and the Reference manuals1.3 What's new1.4 References

2 A brief description of Stata2.1 Video example

3 Resources for learning and using Stata3.1 Overview3.2 Stata on the Internet (www.stata.com and other resources)3.3 Stata Press3.4 The Stata forum3.5 The Stata Journal3.6 Updating and adding features from the web3.7 Conferences and training3.8 Books and other support materials3.9 Technical support

4 Stata's help and search facilities4.1 Introduction4.2 Getting started4.3 help: Stata's help system4.4 Accessing PDF manuals from help entries4.5 Searching4.6 More on search4.7 More on help4.8 search: All the details4.9 net search: Searching net resources

5 Flavors of Stata5.1 Platforms5.2 Stata/MP, Stata/SE, Stata/IC, and Small Stata5.3 Size limits of Stata/MP, SE, IC, and Small Stata5.4 Speed comparison of Stata/MP, SE, IC, and Small Stata5.5 Feature comparison of Stata/MP, SE, and IC

6 Managing memory6.1 Memory-size considerations6.2 Compressing data6.3 Setting maxvar6.4 Setting matsize6.5 The memory command

7 --more-- conditions7.1 Description7.2 set more off7.3 The more programming command

8 Error messages and return codes8.1 Making mistakes8.2 The return message for obtaining command timings

9 The Break key9.1 Making Stata stop what it is doing9.2 Side effects of clicking on Break9.3 Programming considerations

10 Keyboard use10.1 Description10.2 F-keys10.3 Editing keys in Stata10.4 Editing keys in Stata for Unix(console)10.5 Editing previous lines in Stata10.6 Tab expansion of variable names

Elements of Stata11 Language syntax11.1 Overview11.2 Abbreviation rules11.3 Naming conventions11.4 varlists11.5 by varlist: construct11.6 Filenaming conventions11.7 References

12 Data12.1 Data and datasets12.2 Numbers12.3 Dates and times12.4 Strings12.5 Formats: Controlling how data are displayed12.6 Dataset, variable, and value labels12.7 Notes attached to data12.8 Characteristics12.9 Data Editor and Variables Manager12.10 References

13 Functions and expressions13.1 Overview13.2 Operators13.3 Functions13.4 System variables (_variables)13.5 Accessing coefficients and standard errors13.6 Accessing results from Stata commands13.7 Explicit subscripting13.8 Indicator values for levels of factor variables13.9 Time-series operators13.10 Label values13.11 Precision and problems therein13.12 References

14 Matrix expressions14.1 Overview14.2 Row and column names14.3 Vectors and scalars14.4 Inputting matrices by hand14.5 Accessing matrices created by Stata commands14.6 Creating matrices by accumulating data14.7 Matrix operators14.8 Matrix functions14.9 Subscripting14.10 Using matrices in scalar expressions14.11 Reference

15 Saving and printing output---log files15.1 Overview15.2 Placing comments in logs15.3 Logging only what you type15.4 The log-button alternative15.5 Printing logs15.6 Creating multiple log files for simultaneous use

16 Do-files16.1 Description16.2 Calling other do-files16.3 Creating and running do-files16.4 Programming with do-files16.5 References

17 Ado-files17.1 Description17.2 What is an ado-file?17.3 How can I tell if a command is built in or an ado-file?17.4 How can I look at an ado-file?17.5 Where does Stata look for ado-files?17.6 How do I install an addition?17.7 How do I add my own ado-files?17.8 How do I install official updates?17.9 How do I install updates to user-written additions?17.10 Reference

18 Programming Stata18.1 Description18.2 Relationship between a program and a do-file18.3 Macros18.4 Program arguments18.5 Scalars and matrices18.6 Temporarily destroying the data in memory18.7 Temporary objects18.8 Accessing results calculated by other programs18.9 Accessing results calculated by estimation commands18.10 Storing results18.11 Ado-files18.12 Tools for interacting with programs outside Stata and with other languages18.13 A compendium of useful commands for programmers18.14 References

19 Immediate commands19.1 Overview19.2 The display command19.3 The power command

20 Estimation and postestimation commands20.1 All estimation commands work the same way20.2 Standard syntax20.3 Replaying prior results20.4 Cataloging estimation results20.5 Saving estimation results20.6 Specifying the estimation subsample20.7 Specifying the width of confidence intervals20.8 Formatting the coefficient table20.9 Obtaining the variance--covariance matrix20.10 Obtaining predicted values20.11 Accessing estimated coefficients20.12 Performing hypothesis tests on the coefficients20.13 Obtaining linear combinations of coefficients20.14 Obtaining nonlinear combinations of coefficients20.15 Obtaining marginal means, adjusted predictions, and predictive margins20.16 Obtaining conditional and average marginal effects20.17 Obtaining pairwise comparisons20.18 Obtaining contrasts, tests of interactions, and main effects20.19 Graphing margins, marginal effects, and contrasts20.20 Dynamic forecasts and simulations20.21 Obtaining robust variance estimates20.22 Obtaining scores20.23 Weighted estimation20.24 A list of postestimation commands20.25 References

Advice21 Entering and importing data21.1 Overview21.2 Determining which method to use21.3 If you run out of memory21.4 Transfer programs21.5 ODBC sources21.6 Reference

22 Combining datasets22.1 References

23 Working with strings23.1 Description23.2 Categorical string variables23.3 Mistaken string variables23.4 Complex strings23.5 Reference

24 Working with dates and times24.1 Overview24.2 Inputting dates and times24.3 Displaying dates and times24.4 Typing dates and times (datetime literals)24.5 Extracting components of dates and times24.6 Converting between date and time values24.7 Business dates and calendars24.8 References

25 Working with categorical data and factor variables25.1 Continuous, categorical, and indicator variables25.2 Estimation with factor variables

26 Overview of Stata estimation commands26.1 Introduction26.2 Means, proportions, and related statistics26.3 Linear regression with simple error structures26.4 Structural equation modeling (SEM)26.5 ANOVA, ANCOVA, MANOVA, and MANCOVA26.6 Generalized linear models26.7 Binary-outcome qualitative dependent-variable models26.8 ROC analysis26.9 Conditional logistic regression26.10 Multiple-outcome qualitative dependent-variable models26.11 Count dependent-variable models26.12 Exact estimators26.13 Linear regression with heteroskedastic errors26.14 Stochastic frontier models26.15 Regression with systems of equations26.16 Models with endogenous sample selection26.17 Models with time-series data26.18 Panel-data models26.19 Multilevel mixed-effects models26.20 Survival-time (failure-time) models26.21 Treatment-effect models26.22 Generalized method of moments (GMM)26.23 Estimation with correlated errors26.24 Survey data26.25 Multiple imputation26.26 Multivariate and cluster analysis26.27 Pharmacokinetic data26.28 Specification search tools26.29 Power and sample-size analysis26.30 Obtaining new estimation commands26.31 References

27 Commands everyone should know27.1 41 commands27.2 The by construct

28 Using the Internet to keep up to date28.1 Overview28.2 Sharing datasets (and other files)28.3 Official updates28.4 Downloading and managing additions by users28.5 Making your own download site

Subject and author indexSymbolsABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWY

[D] Data ManagementContentsintroDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat's new

Also see

data managementDescriptionReferenceAlso see

appendSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

assertSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

bcalSyntaxMenuDescriptionOption for bcal checkOptions for bcal createRemarks and examplesStored resultsAlso see

bySyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

cdSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesStata for WindowsStata for MacStata for Unix

Also see

cfSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasAcknowledgmentReferenceAlso see

changeeolSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

checksumSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsAlso see

clearSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

clonevarSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesAcknowledgmentsAlso see

codebookSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsReferencesAlso see

collapseSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductory examplesVariablewise or casewise deletionWeightsA final example

AcknowledgmentAlso see

compareSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

compressSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

contractSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAcknowledgmentsReferenceAlso see

copySyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

corr2dataSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesMethods and formulasReferenceAlso see

countSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesStored resultsReferencesAlso see

crossSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

data typesDescriptionRemarks and examplesPrecision of numeric storage types

Also see

datasignatureSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUsing datasignature interactivelyUsing datasignature in do-filesInterpreting data signaturesThe logic of data signatures

Stored resultsMethods and formulasReferenceAlso see

datetimeSyntaxTypes of dates and their human readable forms (HRFs)Stata internal form (SIF)HRF-to-SIF conversion functionsDisplaying SIFs in HRFBuilding SIFs from componentsSIF-to-SIF conversionExtracting time-of-day components from SIFsExtracting date components from SIFsConveniently typing SIF valuesObtaining and working with durationsUsing dates and times from other software

DescriptionRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

datetime business calendarsSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesStep 1: Read the data, date as stringStep 2: Convert date variable to %td dateStep 3: Convert %td date to %tb dateKey feature: Each business calendar has its own encodingKey feature: Omitted dates really are omittedKey feature: Extracting components from %tb datesKey feature: Merging on dates

Also see

datetime business calendars creationSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesIntroductionConceptsThe preliminary commandsThe omit commands: from/to and ifThe omit commands: andThe omit commands: omit dateThe omit commands: omit dayofweekThe omit commands: omit dowinmonthCreating stbcal-files with bcal createWhere to place stbcal-filesHow to debug stbcal-filesIdeas for calendars that may not occur to you

Also see

datetime display formatsSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesSpecifying display formatsTimes are truncated, not rounded, when displayed

Also see

datetime translationSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesIntroductionSpecifying the maskHow the HRF-to-SIF functions interpret the maskWorking with two-digit yearsWorking with incomplete dates and timesTranslating run-together dates, such as 20060125Valid timesThe clock() and Clock() functionsWhy there are two SIF datetime encodingsAdvice on using datetime/c and datetime/CDetermining when leap seconds occurredThe date() functionThe other translation functions

Also see

describeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions to describe data in memoryOptions to describe data in fileRemarks and examplesdescribedescribe, replace

Stored resultsReferencesAlso see

destringSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for destringOptions for tostringRemarks and examplesdestringtostringSaved characteristics

AcknowledgmentReferencesAlso see

dirSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

drawnormSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

dropSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesReferenceAlso see

dsSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsAcknowledgmentsReferencesAlso see

duplicatesSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsOptions for duplicates examples and duplicates listOption for duplicates tagOption for duplicates drop

Remarks and examplesAcknowledgmentsReferencesAlso see

editSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesModesThe current observation and current variableAssigning value labels to variablesChanging values of existing cellsAdding new variablesAdding new observationsCopying and pastingLogging changesAdvice

ReferencesAlso see

egenSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesSummary statisticsGenerating patternsMarking differences among variablesRanksStandardized variablesRow functionsCategorical and integer variablesString variablesU.S. marginal income tax rate

Methods and formulasAcknowledgmentsReferencesAlso see

encodeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for encodeOptions for decodeRemarks and examplesencodedecode

ReferenceAlso see

eraseSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

expandSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesReferenceAlso see

expandclSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

exportDescriptionRemarks and examplesSummary of the different methodsexport excelexport delimitedodbcoutfileexport sasxportxmlsave

Also see

filefilterSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsReferenceAlso see

fillinSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

formatSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesSetting formatsSetting European formatsDetails of formatsOther effects of formatsDisplaying current formats

ReferencesAlso see

functionsDescriptionMathematical functionsabs()acos()acosh()asin()asinh()atan()atan2()atanh()ceil()cloglog()comb()cos()cosh()digamma()exp()floor()int()invcloglog()invlogit()ln()lnfactorial()lngamma()log()log10()logit()max()min()mod()reldif()round()sign()sin()sinhh()sqrt()sum()tan()tanh()trigamma()trunc()

Probability distributions and density functionsBeta and noncentral beta distributionsibeta()betaden()ibetatail()invibeta()invibetatail()nibeta()invnibeta()Binomial distributionbinomial()binomialp()binomialtail()invbinomial()invbinomialtail()Chi-squared and noncentral chi-squared distributionschi2()chi2den()chi2tail()invchi2()invchi2tail()nchi2()nchi2den()nchi2tail()invnchi2()invnchi2tail()npnchi2()Dunnett's multiple range distributiondunnettprob()invdunnettprob()F and noncentral F distributionsF()Fden()Ftail()invF()invFtail()nF()nFtail()invnFtail()npnF()Gamma distributiongammap()gammaden()gammaptail()invgammap()invgammaptail()dgammapda()dgammapdada()dgammapdadx()dgammapdx()dgammapdxdx()Hypergeometric distributionhypergeometric()hypergeometricp()Negative binomial distributionnbinomial()nbinomialp()nbinomialtail()invnbinomial()invnbinomiailtail()Normal (Gaussian), log of the normal, and binormal distributionsbinormal()normal()normalden()invnormal()lnnormal()Poisson distributionpoisson()poissonp()poissontail()invpoisson()invpoissontail()Student's t and noncentral Student's t distributionst()tden()ttail()invt()invttail()nt()ntden()nttail()invnttail()npnt()Tukey's Studentized range distributiontukeyprob()invtukeyprob()

Random-number functionsruniform()rbeta()rbinomial()rchi2()rgamma()rhypergeometric()rnbinomial()rnormal()rpoisson()rt()

String functionsabbrev()char()indexnot()itrim()length()lower()ltrim()plural()proper()real()regexm()regexr()regexs()reverse()rtrim()soundex()soundex_nara()strcat()strdup()string()strlen()strlower()strltrim()strmatch()strofreal()strpos()strproper()strreverse()strrtrim()strtoname()strtrim()strupper()subinstr()subinword()substr()trim()upper()word()wordcount()

Programming functionsautocode()byteorder()c()_caller()chop()clip()cond()e()e(sample)epsdouble()epsfloat()fileexists()fileread()filereaderror()filewrite()float()fmtwidth()has_eprop()inlist()inrange()irecode()matrix()maxbyte()maxdouble()maxfloat()maxint()maxlong()mi()minbyte()mindouble()minfloat()minint()minlong()missing()r()recode()replay()return()s()scalar()smallestdouble()

Date and time functionsbofd()Cdhms()clock()Cmdyhms()Cofc()cofC()Cofd()cofd()daily()date()day()dhms()dofb()dofC()dofc()dofh()dofm()dofq()dofw()dofy()dow()doy()halfyear()halfyearly()hh()hhC()hms()hofd()hours()mdy()mdyhms()minutes()mm()mmC()mofd()month()monthly()msofhours()msofminutes()msofseconds()qofd()quarter()quarterly()seconds()ss()ssC()tC()tc()td()th()tm()tq()tw()week()weekly()wofd()year()yearly()yh()ym()yofd()yq()yw()

Selecting time spanstin()

Matrix functions returning a matrixcholesky()corr()diag()get()hadamard()I()inv()invsym()J()matuniform()nullmat()sweep()vec()vecdiag()

Matrix functions returning a scalarcolsof()det()diag0cnt()el()issymmetric()matmissing()mreldif()rownumb()rowsof()trace()

AcknowledgmentsReferencesAlso see

generateSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesgenerate and replaceset type

Methods and formulasReferencesAlso see

gsortSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

hexdumpSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsAlso see

icd9SyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsOptions for icd9 checkOptions for icd9 cleanOptions for icd9 generateOption for icd9 search

Remarks and examplesDescriptions

Stored resultsReference

importDescriptionRemarks and examplesSummary of the different methodsimport excelimport delimitedodbcinfile (free format){---}infile without a dictionaryinfix (fixed format)infile (fixed format){---}infile with a dictionaryimport sasxportimport haver (Windows only)xmluse

ExamplesVideo example

ReferenceAlso see

import delimitedSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for import delimitedOptions for export delimitedRemarks and examplesimport delimitedexport delimited

Also see

import excelSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for import excelOptions for export excelRemarks and examplesVideo example

Stored resultsReferencesAlso see

import haverSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for import haverOptions for import haver, describeOption for set haverdirRemarks and examplesInstallationSetting the path to Haver databasesDownload example Haver databasesDetermining the contents of a Haver databaseLoading a Haver databaseLoading a Haver database from a describe fileTemporal aggregationDaily dataWeekly data

Stored resultsAcknowledgmentAlso see

import sasxportSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for import sasxportOption for import sasxport, describeOptions for export sasxportRemarks and examplesSaving XPORT files for transferring to SASDetermining the contents of XPORT files received from SASUsing XPORT files received from SAS

Stored resultsTechnical appendixA1. Overview of SAS XPORT Transport formatA2. Implications for writing XPORT datasets from StataA3. Implications for reading XPORT datasets into Stata

Also see

infile (fixed format)SyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsDictionary directives

Remarks and examplesIntroductionReading free-format filesReading fixed-format filesNumeric formatsString formatsSpecifying column and line numbersExamples of reading fixed-format filesReading fixed-block filesReading EBCDIC files

ReferencesAlso see

infile (free format)SyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesReading free-format dataReading comma-separated dataSpecifying variable typesReading string variablesSkipping variablesSkipping observationsReading time-series data

Also see

infix (fixed format)SyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsSpecifications

Remarks and examplesTwo ways to use infixReading string variablesReading data with multiple lines per observationReading subsets of observations

Also see

inputSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesReferenceAlso see

inspectSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesStored resultsAlso see

ipolateSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesMethods and formulasReferenceAlso see

isidSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

joinbySyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAcknowledgmentReferenceAlso see

labelSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsReferencesAlso see

label languageSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesCreating labels in the first languageCreating labels in the second and subsequent languagesCreating labels from a clean slateCreating labels from a previously existing languageSwitching languagesChanging the name of a languageDeleting a languageAppendix: Selected ISO 639-1 two-letter codes

Stored resultsMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

labelbookSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsOptions for labelbookOptions for numlabelOptions for uselabel

Remarks and exampleslabelbookDiagnosing problemsnumlabeluselabel

Stored resultsAcknowledgmentsReferencesAlso see

listSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

lookforSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesStored resultsReferencesAlso see

memorySyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesExamplesSerious bug in Linux OSNotes for system administrators

Stored resultsReferenceAlso see

mergeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesOverviewBasic description1:1 mergesm:1 merges1:m mergesm:m mergesSequential mergesTreatment of overlapping variablesSort orderTroubleshooting m:m mergesExamples

ReferencesAlso see

missing valuesDescriptionRemarks and examplesReferenceAlso see

mkdirSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

mvencodeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAcknowledgmentAlso see

notesSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesHow notes are numberedAttaching and listing notesSelectively listing notesSearching and replacing notesDeleting notesWarnings

ReferencesAlso see

obsSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

odbcSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesSetting up the data sourcesListing ODBC data source namesListing available table names from a specified data source's system catalogDescribing a specified tableLoading data from ODBC sources

Also see

orderSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

outfileSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

pctileSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplespctilextile_pctile

Stored resultsMethods and formulasAcknowledgmentAlso see

putmataSyntaxDescriptionOptions for putmataOptions for getmataRemarks and examplesUse of putmataUse of putmata and getmataUsing putmata and getmata on subsets of observationsUsing viewsConstructing do-files

Stored resultsReferenceAlso see

rangeSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

recastSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

recodeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesSimple examplesSetting up value labels with recodeReferring to the minimum and maximum in rulesRecoding missing valuesRecoding subsets of the dataOtherwise rulesTest for overlapping rules

AcknowledgmentAlso see

renameSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

rename groupSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for renaming variablesOptions for changing the case of groups of variable namesRemarks and examplesAdviceExplanation* matches 0 or more characters; use ?* to match 1 or more* is greedy# is greedier

Stored resultsAlso see

reshapeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesDescription of basic syntaxWide and long data formsAvoiding and correcting mistakesreshape long and reshape wide without argumentsMissing variablesAdvanced issues with basic syntax: i()Advanced issues with basic syntax: j()Advanced issues with basic syntax: xijAdvanced issues with basic syntax: String identifiers for j()Advanced issues with basic syntax: Second-level nestingDescription of advanced syntax

Stored resultsAcknowledgmentReferencesAlso see

rmdirSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

sampleSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

saveSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for saveOptions for saveoldRemarks and examplesAlso see

separateSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsAcknowledgmentReferenceAlso see

shellSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesStata for WindowsStata for MacStata for Unix(GUI)Stata for Unix(console)

Also see

snapshotSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesStored resultsAlso see

sortSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

splitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsAcknowledgmentsAlso see

stackSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesReferenceAlso see

statsbySyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesCollecting coefficients and standard errorsCollecting stored resultsAll subsets

AcknowledgmentReferencesAlso see

sysuseSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useA note concerning shipped datasetsUsing user-installed datasetsHow sysuse works


typeSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

useSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

varmanageSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

webuseSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesTypical useA note concerning example datasetsRedirecting the source

Also see

xmlsaveSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for xmlsaveOptions for xmluseRemarks and examplesAlso see

xposeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

zipfileSyntaxDescriptionOption for zipfileOption for unzipfileRemarks and examples

Subject and author indexSymbolsABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

[G] GraphicsContentsIntroductionintroDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat's new

Also see

graph introRemarks and examplesSuggested reading orderA quick tourUsing the menus

ReferencesAlso see

graph editorRemarks and examplesQuick startIntroductionStarting and stopping the Graph EditorThe toolsThe Object BrowserRight-click menus, or Contextual menusThe Standard ToolbarThe main Graph Editor menuGrid editingGraph RecorderTips, tricks, and quick edits

Also see

CommandsgraphSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph barSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsgroup_optionsyvar_optionslookofbar_optionslegending_optionsaxis_optionstitle_and_other_optionsSuboptions for use with over() and yvaroptions()

Remarks and examplesIntroductionExamples of syntaxTreatment of barsTreatment of dataMultiple bars (overlapping the bars)Controlling the text of the legendMultiple over()s (repeating the bars)Nested over()sCharts with many categoriesHow bars are orderedReordering the barsPutting the bars in a prespecified orderPutting the bars in height orderPutting the bars in a derived orderReordering the bars, exampleUse with by()Video exampleHistory

ReferencesAlso see

graph boxSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsgroup_optionsyvar_optionsboxlook_optionslegending_optionsaxis_optionstitle_and_other_optionsSuboptions for use with over() and yvaroptions()

Remarks and examplesIntroductionExamples of syntaxTreatment of multiple yvars versus treatment of over() groupsHow boxes are orderedReordering the boxesPutting the boxes in a prespecified orderPutting the boxes in median orderUse with by()Video exampleHistory


graph combineSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useTypical use with memory graphsCombining twoway graphsAdvanced useControlling the aspect ratio of subgraphs

ReferenceAlso see

graph copySyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph describeSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesStored resultsAlso see

graph dirSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsAlso see

graph displaySyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesChanging the size and aspect ratioChanging the margins and aspect ratioChanging the scheme

Also see

graph dotSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsgroup_optionsyvar_optionslinelook_optionslegending_optionsaxis_optionstitle_and_other_optionsSuboptions for use with over() and yvaroptions()

Remarks and examplesRelationship between dot plots and horizontal bar chartsExamplesAppendix: Examples of syntax

ReferencesAlso see

graph dropSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesTypical useRelationship between graph drop _all and discardErasing graphs on disk

Also see

graph exportSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesExporting the graph displayed in a Graph windowExporting a graph stored on diskExporting a graph stored in memory

Also see

graph manipulationSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesOverview of graphs in memory and graphs on diskSummary of graph manipulation commands

Also see

graph matrixSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useMarker symbols and the number of observationsControlling the axes labelingAdding grid linesAdding titlesUse with by()History

ReferencesAlso see

graph otherSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph pieSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useData are summedData may be long rather than wideHow slices are orderedOrdering slices by sizeReordering the slicesUse with by()Video exampleHistory

ReferencesAlso see

graph playSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph printSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesPrinting the graph displayed in a Graph windowPrinting a graph stored on diskPrinting a graph stored in memoryAppendix: Setting up Stata for Unix to print graphs

Also see

graph querySyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph renameSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph saveSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph setSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesOverviewSetting defaults

Also see

graph twowaySyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesDefinitionSyntaxMultiple if and in restrictionstwoway and plot options

graph twoway areaSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced useCautions

Also see

graph twoway barSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced use: OverlayingAdvanced use: Population pyramidCautions

Also see

graph twoway connectedSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph twoway contourSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesControlling the number of contours and their valuesControlling the colors of the contour areasChoose the interpolation methodVideo example

ReferenceAlso see

graph twoway contourlineSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesControlling the number of contour lines and their valuesControlling the colors of the contour linesChoose the interpolation method

Also see

graph twoway dotSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesReferenceAlso see

graph twoway droplineSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced useCautions

Also see

graph twoway fpfitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useCautionsUse with by()

Also see

graph twoway fpfitciSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced useCautionsUse with by()

Also see

graph twoway functionSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced use 1Advanced use 2

ReferenceAlso see

graph twoway histogramSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for use in the discrete caseOptions for use in the continuous caseOptions for use in both casesRemarks and examplesRelationship between graph twoway histogram and histogramTypical useUse with by()History

ReferencesAlso see

graph twoway kdensitySyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useUse with by()

ReferencesAlso see

graph twoway lfitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useCautionsUse with by()

Also see

graph twoway lfitciSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced useCautionsUse with by()

Also see

graph twoway lineSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesOneway equivalency of line and scatterTypical useAdvanced useCautions

Also see

graph twoway lowessSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useUse with by()

ReferencesAlso see

graph twoway lpolySyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useUse with by()

ReferencesAlso see

graph twoway lpolyciSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useUse with by()

Also see

graph twoway mbandSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useUse with by()

Also see

graph twoway msplineSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useCautionsUse with by()

Also see

graph twoway pcarrowSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesBasic useAdvanced use

ReferencesAlso see

graph twoway pcarrowiSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph twoway pccapsymSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesBasic use 1Basic use 2

Also see

graph twoway pciSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph twoway pcscatterSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph twoway pcspikeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesBasic useAdvanced useAdvanced use 2

ReferenceAlso see

graph twoway qfitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useCautionsUse with by()

Also see

graph twoway qfitciSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced useCautionsUse with by()

Also see

graph twoway rareaSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced useCautions

Also see

graph twoway rbarSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced use

ReferenceAlso see

graph twoway rcapSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced useAdvanced use 2

Also see

graph twoway rcapsymSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph twoway rconnectedSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph twoway rlineSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph twoway rscatterSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph twoway rspikeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced useAdvanced use 2

Also see

graph twoway scatterSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useScatter syntaxThe overall look for the graphThe size and aspect ratio of the graphTitlesAxis titlesAxis labels and tickingGrid linesAdded linesAxis rangeLog scalesMultiple axesMarkersWeighted markersJittered markersConnected linesGraphs by groupsSaving graphsVideo exampleAppendix: Styles and composite styles

ReferencesAlso see

graph twoway scatteriSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

graph twoway spikeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced useCautions

Also see

graph twoway tslineSyntaxMenuDescriptionAlso see

graph useSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

paletteSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

set graphicsSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

set printcolorSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesWhat set printcolor affectsThe problem set printcolor solvesset printcolor automaticset printcolor asisset printcolor gs1, gs2, and gs3The scheme matters, not the background color you set

Also see

set schemeSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

Optionsadded_line_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsSuboptions

Remarks and examplesTypical useInterpretation of repeated options

ReferenceAlso see

added_text_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsSuboptions

Remarks and examplesTypical useAdvanced useUse of the textbox option width()

ReferenceAlso see

addplot_optionSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesCommands that allow the addplot() optionAdvantage of graph twoway commandsAdvantages of graphic commands implemented outside graph twowayUse of the addplot() option

Also see

advanced_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUse of yvarlabel() and xvarlabel()Use of yvarformat() and xvarformat()Use of recast()

Also see

area_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUse with twowayUse with graph dot

Also see

aspect_optionSyntaxDescriptionOptionSuboptionRemarks and examplesReferenceAlso see

axis_choice_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUsual case: one set of axesSpecial case: multiple axes due to multiple scalesyaxis(1) and xaxis(1) are the defaultsNotation style is irrelevantyaxis() and xaxis() are plot optionsSpecifying the other axes options with multiple axesEach plot may have at most one x scale and one y scaleSpecial case: Multiple axes with a shared scale

ReferenceAlso see

axis_label_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsSuboptions

Remarks and examplesDefault labeling and tickingControlling the labeling and tickingAdding extra ticksAdding minor labels and ticksAdding grid linesSuppressing grid linesSubstituting text for labelsContour axes---zlabel(), etc.Appendix: Details of syntax

ReferenceAlso see

axis_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUse of axis-appearance options with graph twowayMultiple y and x scalesAxis on the left, axis on the right?Contour axes---zscale(), zlabel(), etc.

Also see

axis_scale_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsSuboptions

Remarks and examplesUse of the yscale() and xscale()Specifying the range of a scaleObtaining log scalesObtaining reversed scalesSuppressing the axesContour axes---zscale()

ReferencesAlso see

axis_title_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsSuboptions

Remarks and examplesDefault axis titlesOverriding default titlesSpecifying multiline titlesSuppressing axis titlesInterpretation of repeated optionsTitles with multiple y axes or multiple x axesContour axes---ztitle()

Also see

barlook_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

blabel_optionSyntaxDescriptionOptionSuboptions

Remarks and examplesIncreasing the information contentChanging how bars are labeled

Also see

by_optionSyntaxDescriptionOptionbyoptsRemarks and examplesTypical usePlacement of graphsTreatment of titlesby() uses subtitle() with graphPlacement of the subtitle()by() uses the overall note()Use of legends with by()By-stylesLabeling the edgesSpecifying separate scales for the separate plotsHistory

ReferencesAlso see

cat_axis_label_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

cat_axis_line_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

clegend_optionSyntaxDescriptionOptionContent and appearance suboptions for use with clegend()Suboptions for use with clegend(region())Location suboptions for use with clegend()

Remarks and examplesWhen contour legends appearWhere contour legends appearPutting titles on contour legendsControlling the axis in contour legendsUse of legends with by()

Also see

cline_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

connect_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

eps_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUsing the eps_optionsSetting defaultsNote about PostScript fonts

Also see

fcline_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examples

fitarea_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examples

legend_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsContent suboptions for use with legend() and plegend()Suboptions for use with legend(region())Location suboptions for use with legend()

Remarks and examplesWhen legends appearThe contents of legendsWhere legends appearPutting titles on legendsUse of legends with by()Problems arising with or because of legends

Also see

line_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

marker_label_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesTypical useEliminating overprinting and overrunsAdvanced useUsing marker labels in place of markers

Also see

marker_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

name_optionSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

nodraw_optionSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

play_optionSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

png_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUsing png_optionsSpecifying the width or height

Also see

pr_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUsing the pr_optionsSetting defaultsNote for Unix users

Also see

ps_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUsing the ps_optionsSetting defaultsNote about PostScript fontsNote for Unix users

Also see

rcap_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

region_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsSuboptions

Remarks and examplesSetting the offset between the axes and the plot regionControlling the aspect ratioSuppressing the border around the plot regionSetting background and fill colorsHow graphs are constructed

Also see

rspike_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

saving_optionSyntaxDescriptionOptionSuboptions

Remarks and examplesAlso see

scale_optionSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

scheme_optionSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

std_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

textbox_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesDefinition of a textboxPositionJustificationPosition and justification combinedMarginsWidth and heightAppendix: Overriding default or context-specified positioning

Also see

tif_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUsing tif_optionsSpecifying the width or height

Also see

title_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsSuboptions

Remarks and examplesMultiple-line titlesInterpretation of repeated optionsPositioning of titlesAlignment of titlesSpanningUsing the textbox options box and bexpand

ReferenceAlso see

twoway_optionsSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

Styles/concepts/schemesaddedlinestyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat is an added line?What is an addedlinestyle?You do not need to specify an addedlinestyle

Also see

alignmentstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

anglestyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

areastyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesOverview of areastylesNumbered stylesUsing numbered stylesWhen to use areastyles

Also see

axisstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

bystyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat is a by-graph?What is a bystyle?

Also see

clockposstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

colorstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesColors are independent of the background colorWhite backgrounds and black backgroundsRGB valuesCMYK valuesHSV valuesAdjusting intensity

Also see

compassdirstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

concept: gph filesDescriptionRemarks and examplesBackgroundGph files are machine/operating system independentGph files come in three formsAdvantages of live-format filesAdvantages of as-is format filesRetrieving data from live-format files

Also see

concept: linesSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and exampleslinestylelinepatternstylelinewidthstylecolorstyle

Also see

concept: repeated optionsSyntaxRemarks and examplesAlso see

connectstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

gridstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat is a grid?What is a gridstyle?You do not need to specify a gridstyleTurning off and on the grid

Also see

intensitystyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

justificationstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

legendstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat is a legend?What is a legendstyle?You do not need to specify a legendstyle

Also see

linepatternstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

linestyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat is a line?What is a linestyle?You do not need to specify a linestyleSpecifying a linestyle can be convenientWhat are numbered styles?Suppressing lines

ReferenceAlso see

linewidthstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

marginstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

markerlabelstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat is a markerlabel?What is a markerlabelstyle?You do not need to specify a markerlabelstyleSpecifying a markerlabelstyle can be convenientWhat are numbered styles?

Also see

markersizestyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

markerstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat is a marker?What is a markerstyle?You do not have to specify a markerstyleSpecifying a markerstyle can be convenientWhat are numbered styles?

Also see

orientationstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

plotregionstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

pstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat is a plot?What is a pstyle?The pstyle() optionSpecifying a pstyleWhat are numbered styles?

Also see

relativesizeSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

ringposstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

schemes introSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesThe role of schemesFinding out about other schemesSetting your default schemeThe scheme is applied at display timeBackground colorForeground colorObtaining new schemesExamples of schemes

Also see

scheme economistSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

scheme s1SyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

scheme s2SyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

scheme sjSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

shadestyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat is a shadestyle?What are numbered styles?

Also see

stylelistsSyntaxDescriptionAlso see

symbolstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesTypical useFilled and hollow symbolsSize of symbols

Also see

textDescriptionRemarks and examplesOverviewBold and italicsSuperscripts and subscriptsFonts, standardFonts, advancedGreek letters and other symbolsFull list of SMCL tags useful in graph text

Also see

textboxstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat is a textbox?What is a textboxstyle?You do not need to specify a textboxstyle

Also see

textsizestyleSyntaxDescriptionAlso see

textstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat is text?What is a textstyle?You do not need to specify a textstyleRelationship between textstyles and textboxstyles

Also see

ticksetstyleSyntaxDescriptionAlso see

tickstyleSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat is a tick? What is a tick label?What is a tickstyle?You do not need to specify a tickstyleSuppressing ticks and/or tick labels

Also see

Subject and author indexABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

[ME] Multilevel Mixed EffectsContentsmeSyntax by exampleFormal syntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesIntroductionUsing mixed-effects commandsMixed-effects modelsLinear mixed-effects modelsGeneralized linear mixed-effects models

Alternative mixed-effects model specificationLikelihood calculationComputation time and the Laplacian approximationDiagnosing convergence problemsDistribution theory for likelihood-ratio test

ExamplesTwo-level modelsCovariance structuresThree-level modelsCrossed-effects models


mecloglogSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionTwo-level modelsThree-level models


mecloglog postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

Syntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictSyntax for estat groupMenu for estatRemarks and examplesMethods and formulasAlso see

meglmSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionTwo-level models for continuous responsesTwo-level models for nonlinear responsesThree-level models for nonlinear responsesCrossed-effects modelsObtaining better starting values

Stored resultsMethods and formulasIntroductionGauss--Hermite quadratureAdaptive Gauss--Hermite quadratureLaplacian approximation

ReferencesAlso see

meglm postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

Syntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictSyntax for estat groupMenu for estatRemarks and examplesMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

melogitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionTwo-level modelsThree-level models


melogit postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

Syntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictSyntax for estatMenu for estatOption for estat iccRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasPredictionIntraclass correlations

Also see

menbregSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionTwo-level models


menbreg postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands


meologitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionTwo-level modelsThree-level models


meologit postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands


meoprobitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionTwo-level modelsThree-level models


meoprobit postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands


mepoissonSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionA two-level modelA three-level model


mepoisson postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands


meprobitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionTwo-level modelsThree-level models


meprobit postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

Syntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictSyntax for estatMenu for estatOption for estat iccRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasPredictionIntraclass correlations

Also see

meqrlogitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionTwo-level modelsOther covariance structuresThree-level modelsCrossed-effects models


meqrlogit postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

Syntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictSyntax for estatMenu for estatOptions for estat recovarianceOption for estat iccRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasPredictionIntraclass correlations

ReferencesAlso see

meqrpoissonSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionA two-level modelA three-level model


meqrpoisson postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

Syntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictSyntax for estatMenu for estatOptions for estat recovarianceRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

mixedSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionTwo-level modelsCovariance structuresLikelihood versus restricted likelihoodThree-level modelsBlocked-diagonal covariance structuresHeteroskedastic random effectsHeteroskedastic residual errorsOther residual-error structuresCrossed-effects modelsDiagnosing convergence problemsSurvey data

Stored resultsMethods and formulasAcknowledgmentsReferencesAlso see

mixed postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

Syntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictSyntax for estatMenu for estatOption for estat iccOptions for estat recovarianceOptions for estat wcorrelationRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasPredictionIntraclass correlationsWithin-cluster covariance matrix

ReferencesAlso see

GlossarySubject and author indexABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWYZ

[MI] Multiple ImputationContentsintro substantiveDescriptionRemarks and examplesMotivating exampleWhat is multiple imputation?Theory underlying multiple imputationHow large should M be?Assumptions about missing dataPatterns of missing dataProper imputation methodsAnalysis of multiply imputed dataA brief introduction to MI using StataSummary

ReferencesAlso see

introSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesA simple exampleSuggested reading orderWhat's new

AcknowledgmentsAlso see

estimationDescriptionAlso see

mi addSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsAlso see

mi appendSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAdding new observationsAdding new observations and imputationsAdding new observations and imputations, M unequalTreatment of registered variables


mi convertSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUsing mi convert as a convenience toolConverting from flongsepConverting to flongsep

Also see

mi copySyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

mi describeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesmi querymi describe


mi eraseSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

mi estimateSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUsing mi estimateExample 1: Completed-data logistic analysisExample 2: Completed-data linear regression analysisExample 3: Completed-data survival analysisExample 4: Panel data and multilevel modelsExample 5: Estimating transformationsExample 6: Monte Carlo error estimatesPotential problems that can arise when using mi estimate

Stored resultsMethods and formulasUnivariate caseMultivariate case


mi estimate usingSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

mi estimate postestimationDescriptionRemarks and examplesUsing the command-specific postestimation tools

Also see

mi expandSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

mi exportSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

mi export iceSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

mi export nhanes1SyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

mi extractSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

mi importSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhen to use which mi import commandImport data into Stata before importing into miUsing mi import nhanes1, ice, flong, and flongsep

ReferencesAlso see

mi import flongSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

mi import flongsepSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

mi import iceSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

mi import nhanes1SyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesDescription of the nhanes1 formatImporting nhanes1 data

Also see

mi import wideSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

mi imputeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesImputation methodsImputation modelingModel buildingOutcome variablesTransformationsCategorical variablesThe issue of perfect prediction during imputation of categorical dataConvergence of iterative methodsImputation diagnostics

Using mi imputeUnivariate imputationMultivariate imputationImputing on subsamplesConditional imputationImputation and estimation samplesImputing transformations of incomplete variables


mi impute chainedSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesMultivariate imputation using chained equationsCompatibility of conditionalsConvergence of MICEFirst useUsing mi impute chainedDefault prediction equationsCustom prediction equationsLink between mi impute chained and mi impute monotoneExamples

Stored resultsMethods and formulasAcknowledgmentsReferencesAlso see

mi impute intregSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUnivariate imputation using interval regressionUsing mi impute intregExample


mi impute logitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUnivariate imputation using logistic regressionUsing mi impute logitVideo example


mi impute mlogitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUnivariate imputation using multinomial logistic regressionUsing mi impute mlogit


mi impute monotoneSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesMultivariate imputation when a missing-data pattern is monotoneFirst useUsing mi impute monotoneDefault syntax of mi impute monotoneThe alternative syntax of mi impute monotone---custom prediction equationsExamples of using default prediction equationsExamples of using custom prediction equations


mi impute mvnSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIncomplete continuous data with arbitrary pattern of missing valuesMultivariate imputation using data augmentationConvergence of the MCMC methodUsing mi impute mvnExamples

Stored resultsMethods and formulasData augmentationPrior distributionInitial values: EM algorithm Worst linear function

ReferencesAlso see

mi impute nbregSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUnivariate imputation using negative binomial regressionUsing mi impute nbreg


mi impute ologitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUnivariate imputation using ordered logistic regressionUsing mi impute ologit


mi impute pmmSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUnivariate imputation using predictive mean matchingUsing mi impute pmmVideo example


mi impute poissonSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUnivariate imputation using Poisson regressionUsing mi impute poisson


mi impute regressSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUnivariate imputation using linear regressionUsing mi impute regressVideo example


mi impute truncregSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUnivariate imputation using truncated regressionUsing mi impute truncreg


mi mergeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesMerging with non-mi dataMerging with mi dataMerging with mi data containing overlapping variables


mi misstableSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsAlso see

mi passiveSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesmi passive basicsmi passive works with the by prefixmi passive works fastest with the wide stylemi passive and super-varying variablesRenaming passive variablesDropping passive variablesUpdate passive variables when imputed values changeAlternatives to mi passive

Also see

mi predictSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionUsing mi predict and mi predictnlExample 1: Obtain MI linear predictions and other statisticsExample 2: Obtain MI linear predictions for the estimation sampleExample 3: Obtain MI estimates of probabilitiesExample 4: Obtain other MI predictionsExample 5: Obtain MI predictions after multiple-equation commands


mi ptraceSyntaxDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsAlso see

mi renameSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesSpecifying the noupdate optionWhat to do if you accidentally use renameWhat to do if you accidentally use rename on wide dataWhat to do if you accidentally use rename on mlong dataWhat to do if you accidentally use rename on flong dataWhat to do if you accidentally use rename on flongsep data

Also see

mi replace0SyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

mi resetSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesUsing mi resetTechnical notes and relation to mi update

Also see

mi reshapeSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

mi selectSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesStored resultsAlso see

mi setSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesmi set stylemi register and mi unregistermi set M and mi set mmi unset

Also see

mi stsplitSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

mi testSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionOverviewExample 1: Testing subsets of coefficients equal to zeroExample 2: Testing linear hypothesesExample 3: Testing nonlinear hypotheses


mi updateSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesPurpose of mi updateWhat mi update doesmi update is run automatically

Also see

mi varyingSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesDetecting problemsFixing problems


mi xeqSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesUsing mi xeq with reporting commandsUsing mi xeq with data-modification commandsUsing mi xeq with data-modification commands on flongsep data


mi XXXsetSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

noupdate optionSyntaxDescriptionOptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

stylesSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesThe four stylesStyle wide

Style flongStyle mlongStyle flongsepHow we constructed this example

Using mi system variablesAdvice for using flongsep

Also see

technicalDescriptionRemarks and examplesNotationDefinition of stylesStyle allStyle wideStyle mlongStyle flongStyle flongsepStyle flongsep_sub

Adding new commands to miOutline for new commandsUtility routinesu_mi_assert_setu_mi_certify_datau_mi_no_sys_vars and u_mi_no_wide_varsu_mi_zap_charsu_mi_xeq_on_tmp_flongsepu_mi_get_flongsep_tmpnamemata: u_mi_flongsep_erase()u_mi_sortbacku_mi_save and u_mi_usemata: u_mi_wide_swapvars()u_mi_fixcharsmata: u_mi_cpchars_get() and mata: u_mi_cpchars_put()mata: u_mi_get_mata_instanced_var()mata: u_mi_ptrace_*()

How to write other set commands to work with mi

Also see

workflowDescriptionRemarks and examplesSuggested workflow for original dataSuggested workflow for data that already have imputationsExample

Also see

GlossaryAlso see

Subject and author indexABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWX

[MV] Multivariate StatisticsContentsintroDescriptionRemarks and examplesWhat's new

Also see

multivariateDescriptionRemarks and examplesCluster analysisDiscriminant analysisFactor analysis and principal component analysisRotationMultivariate analysis of variance and related techniquesStructural equation modelingMultidimensional scaling and biplotsCorrespondence analysis

Also see

alphaSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasAcknowledgmentReferencesAlso see

biplotSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasAcknowledgmentReferencesAlso see

caSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionA first exampleHow many dimensions?Statistics on the pointsNormalization and interpretation of correspondence analysisPlotting the pointsSupplementary pointsMatrix inputCrossed variables


ca postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

Syntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictSyntax for estatMenu for estatOptions for estatRemarks and examplesPostestimation statisticsPredicting new variables


ca postestimation plotsDescriptioncabiplotSyntax for cabiplotMenu for cabiplotDescription for cabiplotOptions for cabiplot

caprojectionSyntax for caprojectionMenu for caprojectionDescription for caprojectionOptions for caprojection

Remarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

candiscSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

canonSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasAcknowledgmentReferencesAlso see

canon postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

Syntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictSyntax for estatMenu for estatOption for estatRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

clusterSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesIntroduction to cluster analysisStata's cluster-analysis systemData transformations and variable selectionSimilarity and dissimilarity measuresPartition cluster-analysis methodsHierarchical cluster-analysis methodsHierarchical cluster analysis applied to a dissimilarity matrixPostclustering commandsCluster-management tools

ReferencesAlso see

clustermatSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesReferencesAlso see

cluster dendrogramSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesReferenceAlso see

cluster generateSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesAlso see

cluster kmeans and kmediansSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesMethods and formulasReferenceAlso see

cluster linkageSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for cluster linkage commandsOptions for clustermat linkage commandsRemarks and examplesMethods and formulasAlso see

cluster notesSyntaxMenuDescriptionRemarks and examplesAlso see

cluster programming subroutinesDescriptionRemarks and examplesAdding a cluster subroutineAdding a cluster generate functionAdding a cluster stopping ruleApplying an alternate cluster dendrogram routine

ReferenceAlso see

cluster programming utilitiesSyntaxDescriptionOptions for cluster setOptions for cluster deleteOptions for cluster measuresRemarks and examplesStored resultsAlso see

cluster stopSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

cluster utilitySyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for cluster listOptions for cluster renamevarRemarks and examplesAlso see

discrimSyntaxDescriptionRemarks and examplesIntroductionA simple examplePrior probabilities, costs, and ties


discrim estatDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

SyntaxMenu for estatOptions for estat classtableOptions for estat errorrateOptions for estat grsummarizeOptions for estat listOptions for estat summarizeRemarks and examplesDiscriminating-variable summariesDiscrimination listingsClassification tables and error rates


discrim knnSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionA first exampleMahalanobis transformationBinary data


discrim knn postestimationDescriptionSyntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictRemarks and examplesMethods and formulasAlso see

discrim ldaSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionDescriptive LDAPredictive LDAA classic example

Stored resultsMethods and formulasPredictive LDADescriptive LDA

ReferencesAlso see

discrim lda postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

Syntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictSyntax for estatMenu for estatOptions for estatOptions for estat classfunctionsOptions for estat correlationsOptions for estat covarianceOptions for estat grdistancesOptions for estat grmeansOptions for estat loadingsOption for estat structure

Remarks and examplesClassification tables, error rates, and listingsANOVA, MANOVA, and canonical correlationsDiscriminant and classification functionsScree, loading, and score plotsMeans and distancesCovariance and correlation matricesPredictions


discrim logisticSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

discrim logistic postestimationDescriptionSyntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictRemarks and examplesReferenceAlso see

discrim qdaSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

discrim qda postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

Syntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictSyntax for estatMenu for estatOptions for estatOptions for estat correlationsOptions for estat covarianceOptions for estat grdistances

Remarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

factorSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptions for factor and factormatOptions unique to factormatRemarks and examplesIntroductionFactor analysisFactor analysis from a correlation matrix


factor postestimationDescriptionSpecial-interest postestimation commands

Syntax for predictMenu for predictOptions for predictSyntax for estatMenu for estatOptions for estatRemarks and examplesPostestimation statisticsPlots of eigenvalues, factor loadings, and scoresRotating the factor loadingsFactor scores

Stored resultsMethods and formulasestatrotatepredict

ReferencesAlso see

hotellingSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesStored resultsMethods and formulasReferencesAlso see

manovaSyntaxMenuDescriptionOptionsRemarks and examplesIntroductionOne-way MANOVAReporting coefficientsTwo-way MANOVAN-way MANOVAMANCOVAMANOVA for Latin-square designsMANOVA for nested designsMANOVA

syntax - lane kenworthy...258[g-2] graph twoway lowess— local linear smooth plots notice also the...

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