Computer in the Learning

Environment

SYSTEM UNIT

Prepared by: Danica Mae D. Orobia BBTE ITE 3-2N

SYSTEM UNIT

◙A case that contains the electronic components of the computer used to process data.

◙The case of the system unit, or chassis, is made of metal or plastic and protects the electrical components inside.

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Also called the system board, is the main circuit board of the system unit.

Many electronic components attach to the motherboard and others are built into it. MOTHERBOAR

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Also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer.

Impacts overall computing power and manages most of the computer’s operations.

PROCESSOR

• Memory consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the information.

• There are 2 types of memory, Volatile is temporary and nonvolatile is permanent memory.

MEMORY

Types of Memory

Volatile memory: Memory that loses its contents when the power is turned off.

RAM

Nonvolatile memory: Memory that does not lose its contents when the power is turned off.

ROM, flash memory, and CMOS

Kilobyte (KB OR K) is equal to exactly 1,024 bytes.

Megabyte (MB) is equal to about one million bytes.

Gigabyte (GB) is equal to about one billion bytes.

Terabyte (TB) is equal to approximately one trillion bytes.

MEMORY SIZES

Information is stored on the hard drive magnetically and the capacity of the device is usually measured in Megabytes, Gigabytes or Terabytes.

It is also be attached to a computer via USB ports to increase the available storage space.

Hard Disk

Drive Storage (HDD)

It allows removable magnetic disks to be used to store information.

It is useful for transporting programs and data to or from the computer. However, the limited capacity of the disks (1.2MBytes) means that these are mostly obsolete and replaced by memory sticks.

Floppy Disk Drive (FDD)

A DVD drive allows removable optical discs to be used to store information.

Data is written and read on optical discs using a laser.

Optical Drive (CD/DVD)

A port is the point at which a peripheral attaches/ communicates with a system unit so that the peripheral can send data to the computer.PORT

Buses are used to transfer bits from input devices to memory, from memory to the processor, from the processor to memory, and from memory to output/storage devices.

BUSES

Bays A bay is an opening inside

the system unit in which you can install additional equipment.

A drive bay is a rectangular opening that typically holds disk drives.

An external bay allows a user to access openings in the bay from outside the system unit, like optical disc drives.

POWER SUPPLY

A power supply is the component of the system unit that converts the wall outlet AC power into the DC power.

AC adapter is an external power supply. An example would be a cable modem, speakers, or a printer.

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