systemic multiple choice questions (smcqs) in chemistry *ameen f. m. fahmy, **joe. j. lagowski...
DESCRIPTION
There are several types of systemic questions. We will illustrate in this issue SMCQs as an example of systemic objective test. MCQs are the traditional choosing one from a list of possible answers. (SMCQs) are choose of one systemic from a list of possible systemics. Each systemic represents three, four, or five,……physical, or chemical relations. Various types of SMCQs from general, organic, heterocyclic and physical, chemistry will be illustrated.TRANSCRIPT
SYSTEMIC MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (SMCQs )IN CHEMISTRY
*Ameen F. M. Fahmy, **Joe. J. Lagowski•Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry and Science
Education Center, Ain shams University ,Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
E-mail :[email protected] **Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry the University
of Texas at Austin, TX 78712E-mail :[email protected]
19th ICCE, Seoul, Aug. 12-17 )2006(
In the last nine years, we have designed, implement, and evaluated the systemic approach to teaching and learning chemistry )SATLC()1-4(.
In continuation of this work, we design a new shape of objective tests based on systemics.
Objective tests require a student to choose or provide a response to a question whose correct answer is pre-determined, such question might require a student to select a solution from a set of choices [MCQs], True / Falls )TFQs(; Matching )MQs(.
Traditional objective test are very good instrument examining recall of information and application of terms but cannot assess learning beyond comprehension.
Systemic objective tests can challenge students and test higher learning levels )Analysis, Synthesis and Evaluation(.
There are several types of systemic questions.
We will illustrate in this issue SMCQs as an example of systemic objective test.
MCQs are the traditional choosing one from a list of possible answers.
)SMCQs( are choose of one systemic from a list of possible systemics. Each systemic represents three, four, or five,……physical, or chemical relations.
Various types of SMCQs from general, organic, heterocyclic and physical, chemistry will be illustrated.
Put )( infront of the correct systemic diagram:The systemic diagram represents the correct relations
between concepts )AC( is one of the following:
Type )I(: Choose Between Triangular Systemics
A
BC
X
Y
ZA
BC
Y
X
Z
A
BC
Z
X
YA
BC
X
Z
Y
a) b(
c) d()……( )……(
)……( )……()A, B, C( are concepts, atoms, or compounds.)X, Y, Z( are physical or chemical relations. Answer: )a(
Examples: The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations
between )Fe( and its related compounds is one of the following:
Answer: )c(
a) b(
c) d()……( )……(
)……( )……(
Fe
Fe2)SO4(2 FeSO4
dil H2SO4
H2SO4/ O2
Fe
FeCl3
Cl2/Zn
heat/ airFeCl2
Fe
FeO
O2/
H2SO4FeSO4
Fe
Fe3O4
O2/CO/ 700C
CO400-700CFeO
The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between Sodium and its related compounds is one of the following:
Answer: )a(
a) b(
c) d(
)……( )……(
)……( )……(
Na
Na2O
O2/ burnCO2
H2ONaOH
Na
Na2O
O2/ burnelectrolysis
HClNaCl
Na
NaOH
H2OMg
HClNaCl
Na
NaOH
H2O
CO2Na2CO3
The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between Ethylene, Ethanol, Ethyl bromide is one of the following:
Answer: )b(
a) b(
c) d(
)……..…( )…………(
)…….…( )….……(
CH2 = CH2
CH3CH2OHCH3 - CH2OHCH3CH2Br
dil/H2SO4
aq. KOH,
PBr3
CH2 = CH2
CH3 - CH2OHCH3 - CH2OHCH3CH2 - Br
dil/H2SO4
alco. KOH,
PBr3
CH2 = CH2
CH3CH2OHCH3 - CH2OHCH3CH2Br
Conc./H2SO4
alco. KOH,
PBr3
CH2 = CH2
CH3 - CH2OHCH3 - CH2OHCH3CH2 - Br
Conc./H2SO4
HBr
PBr3
The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between benzene/ chlorobenzene, and phenol is one of the following:
Answer: )c(
a(
ClOH
Cl2/Fe
NaOHfusion
OH2
)......................(
b(
ClOH
Cl2/hv
NaOHfusion
Zn dust/
)......................(
c(
ClOH
Cl2/Fe
NaOHfusion
)......................(
d(
ClOH
Cl2/Fe
aq. NaOH
Zn dust/
)......................(
Zn dust/
The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between pyrrole and its related compounds is one of the following:
Answer: )c(
a)
i) DMF/ POCl3ii) aq. Na2CO3
NaBH4
(......................)
b)
(......................)
c)
(......................)
d)
(......................)
NH
NH
COOH NH
CHO
i) CH2O/ii) NaOH
i) DMF/ POCl3ii) aq. Na2CO3
i) CH3MgBrii) hydro.
NH CHO
NH
NH
CH3
H2/Pd
i) DMF/ POCl3ii) aq. Na2CO3
aq. alk.KMnO4
NH
NH
CH2OH NH
CHO
heat 100oC
Nitration
Conc. HNO3H3SO4
NH CO2H
NH NO2
NH
heat 100oC
Put )( infront of the correct systemic diagram:The systemic diagram represents the correct relations
between concepts )AD( is one of the following:
Type )II(: Choose Between Quadrilateral Systemics
)A, B, C,D( are concepts, atoms, or compounds.)X, Y, Z,E( are relations. Answer: )a(
A
C
B
D
E
X
Y
Z
a) ( )
A
C
B
D
Z
X
Y
E
b) ( )
A
D
B
C
E
Z
Y
X
c) ( )
A
C
B
D
Y
X
Z
E
d) ( )
The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between )Fe( and its related compounds are one of the following:
FeCl2
FeCl3
Conc. HCl
Mg HCl
Conc. H2SO4
(a)
Fe
Fe2(SO4)3
( )
FeCl2
FeCl3
HCl gas
MgAir/heat
Conc. H2SO4
(b)
Fe
Fe2(SO4)3
( )
Answer: )b(
FeCl2
FeCl3
HCl gas
Cu Air/
dil/ H2SO4
(c)
Fe
Fe2(SO4)3
( )
FeCl3
FeCl2
HCl gas
MgAir/ heat
Conc. H2SO4
(d)
Fe
Fe2(SO4)3
( )
The systemic diagram represents the correct sequence of physical properties is one of the following:
Be
B
1) Increases2,3) Decreases
(a)
Li
C
1) Increases2,3) Decreases
1) Decreases2,3) Increases
1) Decreases2) Increases
No. Property
1 Electronegativity2 Metallic property3 Atomic radius
( )
Be
B
1) Decreases2,3) Increases
(b)
Li
C
1) Increases2) Decreases
1) Decreases2,3) Increases
1) Decreases2,3) Increases
( )
Answer: )c(
Be
B
1) Increases2,3) Decreases
(c)
Li
C
1) Increases2,3) Decreases
1) Decreases2,3) Increases
1) Increases2,3) Decreases
( )
Be
B
1) Decreases2,3) Increases
(d)
Li
C 1) Decreases2,3) Increases
1) Decreases2,3) Increases
1) Decreases2,3) Increases
( )
The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between sodium and its related compounds are one of the following:
Na2O
NaCl
O2 /burn
(a)
Na
Na2CO3
HClheat
CO2
( )
Na2O
NaOH
O2 /burn
(b)
Na
Na2CO3
H2Oheat
CO2
( )
Answer: )d(
NaOH
NaCl
H2O
(c)
Na
Na2CO3
HClheat
CO2
( )
NaOH
NaCl
H2O
(d)
Na
Na2CO3
CO2
HCl
Electrolysison molten salt
( )
The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between Calcium and its related compounds are one of the following:
Answer: )a(
CaO
Ca(OH)2
O2
(a)
Ca
CaCl2
H2OElectrolysis
HCl( )
CaO Ca(OH)2
(b)
CaCl2
H2O
heat
HCl CaCO3
CO2
( )
Ca
CaCl2
(c)
CaCO3
Electrolysis
HClCa(OH)2
CO2
( )Ca CaCl2
(d)
CaCO3
Electrolysis
HCl
CaO
( )
The systemic diagram represents the following reactions sequence. [Substitution – Substitution – Elimination – Addition] is one of the
following:
Answer: )a(
CH3 CH3
CH2 CH2
CH3CH2Br
CH3CH2OH
Br2/hv
H2/Ni aq. KOH
Conc. H2SO4, 170oC
1
2
3
4(a)
( )
CH3 CH3
CH2 CH2CH3CH2Br
CH3CH2OH
Br2/hvdil/H2SO4
H2O
alco. KOH
HI/ 150oC
1
2
3
4(b)
( )
CH3 CH3
CH2 CH2
CH3CH2Br
CH3CH2OH
Br2/hv
Conc. H2SO4170oC
aq. KOH H2/Ni
1
2
3
4(c)
( )
CH3 CH3
CH2 CH2
CH3CH2BrBr2/hv
HBr
alco. KOH Zn/HCl
1
2
3
4(d)
CH3CH2Br
( )
The Systemic diagram represents the chemical relations between Oxirane, Aziridine, Ethanolamine, and Ethylene is one of the following:
Ph3PO
NH
OH OH
NH3
NH3
Cl2/H2Oa)
( )
PhCO3
O
NH
OH NH2
NH3
b)
H2SO4KOH
( )
/
HNO3
Answer: )b(
LiAlH4
O
NH
Conc.H2SO4 /170oC
i) N3ii) TSCl, H+iii) B-
c)
NOCl
( )
CH3CH2OH
Ph3PO
NH
NH2 OH
NOClNH3d)
i) H2SO4ii)KOH/ 170oC
( )
Put )( infront of the correct systemic diagram:The systemic diagram represents the correct relations
between concepts )AE( is one of the following:
Type )III(: Choose Between Pentagonal Systemics
)AE( are concepts, atoms or compounds.)X, Y, Z,M,F( are physical or chemical relations. Answer: )a(
a(
)……(DE
X
FZ
BAY
CM
b(
)……(DE
X
FM
BAY
CZ
c)
)……(DE
X
MZ
BAY
CF
d(
)……(DE
Y
FZ
BAX
CM
Examples: The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations
between Calcium and its related compounds is one of the following:
)………………..…(
a) Ca CaO
CaCl2 CaCO3
Ca)OH(2
H2O
CO2
O2
HCl
elec
troly
sis
)………..…(
b(
Ca
CaCl2
CaSO4 CaCO3
CO2H2SO4
HCl
electrolysisCa)OH(2
CaCl2
CaO
CaO Ca
O2
H2O
HCl
electrolysis
CaCO3
c)
)………..…(
)………..…(
d(
Ca
CaCl2
CaCO3 Ca)OH(2
CO2H2SO4
HCl
electrolysisCaO
Answer: )a(
The systemic diagram represents the correct chemical relations between Ethylene, Ethane, Acetaldehyde, ethylbromide and ethanol is one of the following:
)………………..…(
a) CH3CH2Br
H2/Ni
KMnO4/Conc.H2SO4
HgSO4/dil H2SO4
Br2/ hv
aq. KOHCH3-CH3
CH3CH2OH
CH3CHOCH2=CH2
)………………..…(
b)CH3CH2Br
H2/Ni
KMnO4/Conc.H2SO4
Zn/ Conc. HCl/
HBr
aq. KOHCH2=CH2
CH3CH2OH
CH3CHOCH3-CH3
)………………..…(
c)
CH2=CH2
Br2/ hv
KMnO4/Conc.H2SO4
Zn/ Conc. HCl/
alco. KOH dil/H2SO4
CH3CH2Br
CH3CH2OH
CH3-CHOCH3-CH3
Answer: )c(
)………………....…(
d(CH3-CH2OH
HBr
Zn/ Conc. HCl/H2/Ni
aq. KOH
dil/H2SO4
CH3CH2Br
CH3CHO
CH3-CH3CH2=CH2
Keywords:
SMCQ's, SATLC
By using )SMCQ's(, we expect from students::
- Making maximum connections between chemistry concepts, atoms, compounds, and reactions.
- Recognize which cognitive level they should view the chemistry material.
- See the pattern rather than the parts.
References:
1- Fahmy, A. F. M., Lagowski, J. J., J pure Appl. 1998, [15th ICCE, Cairo, August 1998].
2- Fahmy, A. F. M., Hamza, M. A., Medien, H. A. A., Hanna, W. G., Abdel-Sabour, M. : and Lagowski, J.J., Chinese J.Chem. Edu. 2002, 23)12(,12 [17th ICCE, Beijing, August 2002].
3- Fahmy, A. F. M., Lagowski, J. J; J. Chem. Edu. 2003, 80 )9(, 1078.
4- Fahmy, A.F. M., Lagowski, J. J., Using SATL Techniques to Assess Student Achievement, [18th ICCE, Istanbul Turkey, 3-8, August 2004( .