Systems Engineering and Electrification in Fluid Power

June 4, 2019

Germano FranzoniGlobal Mobile SystemsChicago, IL

Overview of current state and future opportunities

Outline

• Systems engineering overview• Examples of traditional sys. engr. activity

• Circuit generation• Simulation to support projects• Baseline and energy mapping

• Electrification of mobile equipment• Overview (mini construction)• Parker approach to electrification• Example

• Conclusion2

• Discipline of Fluid Power Engineering• Design and control of hydraulic circuits

• Knowledge of• Hydraulic components• Controls and programming• Machines, applications

Systems Engineering

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Systems Engineering at Parker (GMS)

• Organization overarching multiple divisions and groups

• Represent multiple technologies• Support customers (OEMs) for next generation

systems• Global organization• US location: Chicago, 4000 m^2 test and

development lab • Outside GMS scope

• Design components4

Secular trends

• Consolidation of hydraulic suppliers • Leaner engineering and testing resources at OEMs

– help needed• New trends develop cross technology applications

(Electrification)

• Baby boomers are all retiring, new generations not attracted by hydraulics

• Lack of hydraulic engineering talent

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TRADITIONAL SYSTEMS ACTIVITY

Projects

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Example of system projectGOAL: develop a front and rear steering circuit for a vehicle inclusive of emergency steering pump

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LS primary pump –

engine driven

LS secondary pump – ground

driven

Control manifold

Front and rear steering gears

Secondary pump engagement

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LS primary pump

LS secondary pump

Margin sensing valve:

- If primary pump is OK LS2 = 0

- LS2 engaged only if margin of P1 collapsesMargin

sensing valve

Simulation used to support OEM

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Shaftfailure

Energy mapping – system optimization• Testing in our proving ground• Baseline: analyze losses and suggest improvements

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Useful engergy boom1.41%

Useful engergy dipper15.55%

Useful energy bucket10.42%

Useful energy swing3.12%

Lowering loss boom10.39%

Lowering loss dipper1.44%

Lowering loss bucket0.59%

Lowering loss swing1.44%Meter out loss boom

2.11%Meter out loss dipper

5.63%

Meter out loss bucket3.29%

Meter out loss swing2.01%

Simultaneous operation of functions

33.89%

Margin loss8.73% Useful energy:

30.5%

Energy mapping – system optimization• Simulation is again used to propose system

improvements

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ELECTRIFICATION OF MOBILE EQUIPMENT

Innovative trend and opportunities

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Compact construction equipment

• Why?

• Upcoming regulations:• Zero emissions (historical downtowns, indoor)• Low noise (no engine)

• Sweet spot for power density of Electric motors• Battery is still affordable• The Elon Musk factor….

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Mobile ElectrificationEngineering challenge with significant revenue potential

• Battery, Motors, Inverters are the cost drivers• Need of efficient or smart systems• Combination of multiple technologies requires

skills• Component Integration

Opportunity for Systems Engineering!14

Electrification at Parker

• GVM PMAC Motors • Established market leader position

• GVI inverters (recently launched)• Multiple pump technologies• Cooling technologies

2 Parker teams:• GMS: Machine testing, circuit design• MTC: Technology development,

component integration15

Mobile Electrification

• Different levels of impact on a system design• Energy recovery is an opportunity• What is the best solution?

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Combination EHP & Electro Hydrostatic Actuation

Control Valve

ControlValve

EHP EHP

Control Valve

EHP

Control Valve

EHP EHAEHP EHA

Valve

EHA

ValveValve

Energy Recovery

EHP per functionAll EHADual EHPSingle Electro Hydraulic Pump

EHA

Valve

Increasing Performance / Efficiency / Complexity / Cost

EHA

Valve

Continuum of Solutions

Hydraulic Power Distribution

Electric Power Distribution

Parker Approach – two solutions

1) Electro Hydraulic Actuator (EHA)

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2 quadrant

4 quadrant

• No metering losses• No overproduction• Energy recovery possible

Parker Approach – two solutions

2) Electro Hydraulic Pump-Valve (EHP)

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• Multiple valve technologies possible

• Less efficient than EHA• No energy recovery

• No need to have 1 motorand 1 inverter per function

Example: skid steer loader

Drive

Aux

Lift

Bucket

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Tandem hydrostat

Open circuit pumpsMain control Valve

High demand functionNo energy recovery

Recovery potentialInterference with bucket

Interference with boomNo energy recovery

FCT Currently Observations

Example: skid steer loader

Drive

Aux

Lift

Bucket

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Tandem hydrostat

Open circuit pumpsMain control Valve

EHP

EHA

EHP

FCT Currently Electric version

E. Motor with planetary

Electrification is not only power

Additional challenges:

1) Cooling: air, hyd. oil, water glycolDifferent cooling types have pros and cons

2) Pilot generation

3) Other aux functions (AC, ….)

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Conclusion

• Systems Engineering• Discipline focused on circuit design and controls

• Example of traditional approach• Simulation and baseline testing support

• New trends in electrification• Require cross-technology approach• New methods for system design

• Secular and recent trends in favor of Syst. Engr.

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