systems model and farming
DESCRIPTION
Systems Model and Farming. What is the Systems Model?. Systems model is a model of looking at any system (farming, oil production, tire factory, schooling) and recognizing there are inputs , processes , and outputs . Inputs. Inputs are things that are put into the system . - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Systems Model and Farming
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What is the Systems Model?
• Systems model is a model of looking at any system (farming, oil production, tire factory, schooling) and recognizing there are inputs, processes, and outputs.
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Inputs• Inputs are things that are put into the system.
• Ex: in farming there are:
– human inputs are man-made (labour, equipment, fertilizer and irrigation systems)
– natural inputs are produced by nature (rain, sunshine, and soil ).
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InputsGiven a case study of a farming operation you should be able to briefly
describe (inputs).
– the workers and their source.– the kinds of tools and equipment used.– the infrastructure.– the capital invested in the operation.– the types of seeds or young livestock used.– the nature of the land.– the quality of the soil.– climatic conditions.
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Processes• Processes are procedures that occur in the system to
convert the inputs to outputs.
• You can actually see ACTION either by people or machines!!
In vegetable farming the processes may include:
• sowing (planting), • fertilizing, • weeding, • irrigating, • harvesting.
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Processes• Given a case study of a farming operation you should
be able to briefly examine (processes):
• the division of labour; who does what?• the spatial movement of people and animals; Are the workers
migratory? Are the animals moved between grazing lands?• how the crops are planted; crop rotation, contour plowing, is
any land left fallow?• irrigation and soil maintenance practices; is there a need for
watering? how frequently do they fertilize? What do they fertilize with?
• the annual cycle of farming activities
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Outputs• Outputs refer to those things that are produced by the
system.
~ Ex: in cattle farming the outputs could include beef and raw hide whereas vegetable farm outputs could include carrots, potatoes and cabbage.
• Given a case study of a farming operation you should be able to briefly describe outputs:
- the kinds of products that are obtained.- any waste materials.
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Case Study
• A Mixed-Vegetable Farm In Canada• Page 145-146• Questions
3, 4, & 5
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Farming Chart
Natural Human
Inputs
Processes Outputs
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#3. Using Ferguson’s Farm Case Study, Classify each as either inputs (human or natural), processes or outputs
• Climate• Cabbage• Soil• Milk• Seeds• Animals• Seeds?• Oil & Gas• Harvest Bags• Lime• Carrots• Tending Animals
• Ploughing• Plants• Rutabagas• Meat• Harvesting• Labor• Weeding• Administration• Eggs• Repairs• Insect ControlFertilizer• Sowing Seeds• Potatoes
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A mixed-vegetable farm in Canada1. Which type of crop does Ferguson not harvest?
A. CarrotsB. RutabagasC. PumpkinD. Cabbage
2. Which type of crop has Ferguson not experimented with?A.StrawberriesB.CucumberC.CauliflowerD.Broccoli
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3. How many markets does Ferguson sell his products to?A. 2 B. 3C. 4 D. 5
4. How many hectares of land does Ferguson cultivate?A. 9 ha B. 10 ha
C. 7-8 ha D. 8-9 ha
5. When does the planting period begin for Ferguson’s Farm?
A. March B. AprilC. June D. July
A mixed-vegetable farm in Canada
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A mixed-vegetable farm in Canada1. Which type of crop does Ferguson not harvest?
A. CarrotsB. RutabagasC. PumpkinD. Cabbage
2. Which type of crop has Ferguson not experimented with?A.StrawberriesB.CucumberC.CauliflowerD.Broccoli
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3. How many markets does Ferguson sell his products to?A. 2 B. 3C. 4 D. 5
4. How many hectares of land does Ferguson cultivate?A. 9 ha B. 10 ha
C. 7-8 ha D. 8-9 ha
5. When does the planting period begin for Ferguson’s Farm?
A. March B. AprilC. June D. July
A mixed-vegetable farm in Canada
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Systems Model for Ferguson’s Farm
ClimatePlantsSoilSeeds
LaborFertilizerLimeAnimalsSeeds?Oil & GasHarvest Bags
PloughingHarvestingWeedingAdministrationRepairsInsect ControlSowing SeedsTending Animals
PotatoesMeatCarrotsEggsRutabagasMilkCabbage
#3a
Natural Human
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A Mixed-Vegetable Farm In Canada• #3b
• Components which are difficult for a farmer to control:
– Climate (impossible to control!)– Quality of seeds– Quality of soil– Insect infestation– Final price of output
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A Mixed-Vegetable Farm In Canada
Maintain EquipmentOrder seeds, fert, lime, equip.
Land preparation…spreading…Planting
Weeding, insect cont., irrigating
Harvesting
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A Mixed-Vegetable Farm In Canada
• #4b
• Farming activities vary throughout the year because of the Seasons.
Spring – time to prepare the soil and plant.Summer – crops are tended.Fall – Crops are harvested.Winter – time for planning and servicing equipment.
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A Mixed-Vegetable Farm In Canada
• #5• Gross Income – Total Expenses = Profits
• $101,873.21 – $37,514.82=
• TOTAL PROFITS = $64,358.39