TEACHING ADVANCED PHONICS WITH THE SEVEN SYLLABLE TYPESCynthia Santosuosso

October 17, 2013

OBJECTIVES

Examine the seven syllables types Choose appropriate cutting patterns when

teaching syllabication Determine how learned skills will be applied

in the classroom setting

AGENDA

Background on syllables The seven syllable types and 5 cutting

patterns Classroom application

BACKGROUND

SOUND/SYMBOL ORGANIZATION

20 Vowel Sounds+24 Consonant Sounds 44 Total Speech Sounds

FACTS ABOUT PREDICTABILITY IN SPELLING

50% of words are predictable by rule. 36% of words are predictable by rule with

one error. 10% of words will be predictable with word

origin and morphology taken into account. Fewer than 4% of words are true oddities.

From Hanna, Hanna, Hodges, and Rudorf (1966)

WHY TEACH SYLLABLES?

To “chunk” unfamiliar words accurately and quickly: reincarnation; accomplishment

To distinguish similar words:scarred – scaryripping – ripeningslimmer – slimy

To remember spelling:written, writinggrapple, maplemisspelled,

accommodate

SPEECH AND WRITING ARE DIFFERENT

The syllable breaks that seem natural in speech do not guide conventions for dividing written syllables.

Syllable spelling patterns are cues to vowel pronunciation (short, long, diphthong).

scared /scarred biter/ bitter

K-1 PHONICS

Consonants Digraphs Short vowels Silent e Initial and final consonant blends R-controlled vowels Vowel teams Dipthongs Open/closed syllables Multi-syllable words

WHAT IS A SYLLABLE?

WHAT IS A SYLLABLE?

“A syllable is a word or a part of a word with one talking vowel.”

-Project Read

RULES ABOUT SYLLABLES

Every syllable has one vowel sound

The number of vowel sounds in a word equals the number of syllables.

A one syllable word is never divided. weak, feet, choice

HOW MANY SYLLABLES DO THESE WORDS HAVE?

napkin Atlantic

bandit distinct

frantic fantastic

HOW MANY SYLLABLES???

napkin (2) Atlantic (3)

bandit (2) distinct (2)

frantic (2) fantastic (3)

THE SEVEN SYLLABLE TYPESTHE FIVE “CUTTING PATTERNS”

SYLLABLE TYPE: CLOSED

SYLLABLE TYPE: CLOSED

A closed syllable is a syllable that ends in a consonant sound or sounds. It usually has a short vowel sound.

Sample words with closed syllables: staff ab / sent kit / ten it

Closed syllables account for almost half of the syllable types in text! This skill is introduced first, in grade 1.

We mark a the short vowel in a closed syllable with a breve ˘

EXAMPLE:

cat

WHICH ARE CLOSED SYLLABLES?USE A BREVE (˘) TO MARK THE CLOSED SYLLABLES.

pem raiz at

ve stips mi

ep utch prau

WHICH ARE CLOSED SYLLABLES?

pem raiz at

ve stips mi

ep utch prau

CUTTING PATTERN: VCCV

VCCV

The vccv pattern is usually cut between the two consonants.

1. Underline the talking vowels and mark them with a (v).2. Swoop between the vowels and pull down the consonants between the vowels.3. Cut the word according to the pattern.4. Check the position of the vowel in each syllable and mark the vowel.5. Read the word a syllable at a time and blend the syllables together.

EXAMPLE

combat

LET’S PRACTICE!

picnic attic

fantastic frantic

Atlantic drastic

HOW DO WE SYLLABICATE VCCV?

pic/nic at/tic

fan/tas/tic fran/tic

At/lan/tic dras/tic

SYLLABLE TYPE: OPEN

SYLLABLE TYPE: OPEN

An open syllable is a syllable that ends in a long vowel sound spelled with a single vowel letter.

Sample words with open syllables

me no she i / dol ri / val ti / tle

We mark a long vowel sound with a macron ¯

EXAMPLE:

she

WHICH ARE OPEN SYLLABLES? USE A MACRON (¯) TO MARK THE OPEN SYLLABLES.

ro me eam

pro strupe eng

du si hupe

OPEN SYLLABLES

ro me eam

pro strupe eng

du si hupe

CUTTING PATTERN: VCV

VCV

The vcv pattern is often divided after the first vowel. It can also divide after the consonant.

1. Underline the talking vowels and mark them with a (v).2. Swoop between the vowels and pull down the consonant between the vowels.3. Cut the word according to the pattern, place a dotted line after the first vowel.4. Check the position of the vowel in each syllable and mark the vowel.5. Read the word a syllable at a time and blend the syllables together, adjust if necessary.

VCV EXAMPLE

menu

LET’S PRACTICE

prevent acrobat

rapid robot

request lavish

HOW DO WE SYLLABICATE VCV?

pre/vent ac/ro/bat

rap/id ro/bot

re/quest lav/ish

SYLLABLE TYPE: SILENT E

SYLLABLE TYPE: SILENT E

A Vowel-Consonant-e syllable includes a vowel immediately followed by one consonant and the silent letter e.

Sample words with Vowel-Consonant-e syllables:

tune com / plete in / side note / book

Vowel-Consonant-e syllables generally have long vowel sounds. To mark the silent e syllable, mark the long vowel with a macron, ¯, and slash the silent e, /.

EXAMPLE

swipe

WHICH ARE SILENT E SYLLABLES?USE A MACRON (¯) TO MARK THE LONG VOWEL AND SLASH (/) THE SILENT E.

Also known as the “magic e.”

zope bame throigecupe stoove zinepake beace

SILENT E

zope bame throigecupe stoove zinepake beace

SYLLABLE TYPE: R-CONTROLLED

SYLLABLE TYPE: R-CONTROLLED

A vowel -r syllable includes vowels immediately followed by the letter r in the same syllable. ar, or, er, ir, ur

Sample words with vowel -r syllables:car / pet mem / ber thir / sty im / port The pronunciation of vowels within vowel -r

syllables can be difficult for students.

To mark the r-controlled syllable, use a tilde, ~.

EXAMPLE:

corn

WHICH ARE R CONTROLLED SYLLABLES?USE A TILDE (~) TO MARK THE R-CONTROLLED SYLLABLE.

nar pert morfire Cairo ferur zor irksire four

R-CONTROLLED

nar pert morfire Cairo ferur zor irksire four

SCHWA-AN ADDED BONUS

SCHWA

Schwa rules: It makes a syllable weak. It makes the short u sound. It is marked with

Examples:labelcanyonpedalbaconpilot

SYLLABLE TYPE: -CLE

SYLLABLE TYPE: -CLE

A consonant -le syllable ends with a consonant immediately followed by -le.

Sample words with consonant -le syllables: lit / tle puz / zle spar / kle mud / dle The pronunciation of consonant -le syllables

helps students improve pronunciation and spelling.

To syllabicate, count back three from the end and mark.

To mark –cle, insert the schwa symbol and slash the silent e (/).

EXAMPLE:

apple

WHICH ARE –CLE SYLLABLES?INSERT THE SCHWA ___ AND SLASH THE SILENT E (/) TO MARK THE -CLE SYLLABLES.

stable giggle

funnel lettuce

wrinkle brittle

-CLE

stable giggle

funnel lettuce

wrinkle brittle

CUTTING PATTERNS: VCCCV, VCCCCV

VCCCV AND VCCCCV The VCCCV and VCCCCV is usually cut after the first

consonant. If VCCCV or VCCCCV is in a compound word, divide

between the words.

1. Underline the talking vowels and mark them with a (v).2. Swoop between the vowels and pull down the consonant between the vowels.3. Cut the word according to the pattern, mark after the first consonant. Adjust if the word is compound and divide between the words.4. Check the position of the vowel in each syllable and mark the vowel.5. Read the word a syllable at a time and blend the syllables together.

EXAMPLE

hundred

LET’S PRACTICE:

comprehend landslide

construct pilgrim

instrument subtract

VCCCV/VCCCCV

com/pre/hend in/fre/quent

con/tract pil/grim

com/press sub/tract

SYLLABLE TYPE: VOWEL TEAMS

SYLLABLE TYPE: VOWEL TEAMS

A vowel team has two vowels. In a vowel team, only one vowel speaks. Four

of the five vowels have vowel teams. The vowel u does not team. Each vowel has a certain number of teams. The pronunciation of vowels within vowel team

syllables is usually long. To mark a vowel team, underline the team, and

mark the talking long vowel with a macron.

Sample words with vowel team syllables:boat hay re / main fel / low

VOWEL TEAMS BY THE NUMBERS

1. i: -ie2. a: ai -ay3. o: oa -ow -oe4. e: ee ea ie -ey

VOWEL TEAMS

play

VOWEL TEAMSUNDERLINE THE VOWEL TEAMS AND MARK WITH TALKING VOWEL WITH A MACRON.

eat stow

dume cho

oac pray

WHICH ARE VOWEL TEAM SYLLABLES?

eat stow

dume cho

oac pray

CUTTING PATTERN: VV

VV

Divide VV pattern between the two vowels.

1. Underline the talking vowels and mark them with a (v).2. Swoop between the vowels and pull down the consonant between the vowels.3. Cut the word according to the pattern, between the vowels.4. Check the position of the vowel in each syllable and mark the vowel.5. Read the word a syllable at a time and blend the syllables together.

EXAMPLE:

neon

LET’S PRACTICE

memorize

mayor

crayon

rodeo

VV

mem/or/ize

may/or

cray/on

ro/de/o

SYLLABLE TYPE: VOWEL DIPTHONG

SYLLABLE TYPE: VOWEL DIPHTHONGS

A dipthong has two vowels. There are five dipthong sounds. The vowel sounds are unique. The sign used to represent the dipthong

vowel sound is an oval ( )above the vowels.

Sample words with vowel dipthongs:laundry shower wool coins

EXAMPLE:

boil

VOWEL DIPTHONGS

1. oi, -oy2. -aw, au3. oo (boo), -ew, -ue, ui 4. ow, ou5. oo (look)

VOWEL DIPTHONGSUNDERLINE THE VOWEL DIPTHONGS AND MARK THEM WITH AN OVAL.

cook feet

turmoil rowing

kangaroo failing

VOWEL DIPTHONGS

cook feet

turmoil rowing

kangaroo failing

CLASSROOM APPLICATION

HOW DO I USE THESE TECHNIQUES IN MY CLASSROOM?

Integrate your knowledge of the seven syllable types and five cutting patterns into your daily phonics mini-lesson to explicitly teach decoding and encoding rules.

Apply syllabication rules to spelling words, robust vocabulary words, and any vocabulary words that are actively being used in the classroom.

Incorporate decodable text into partner reading, so students have a chance to apply taught syllabication skills.

Include syllable work in a word study center.

PHONICS MINI-LESSONS

MINI LESSON (8-10 MINUTES)

1 minute review of previously taught sounds 2 minutes to introduce/review weekly skill 3 minutes to practice decoding of weekly skill 3 minutes to practice encoding of weekly skill

MINI-LESSON DEMO

Grade 3 Lesson 8 Dipthongs: ou, ow, oi, oy

DIPTHONG RULES

A dipthong has two vowels. There are five dipthong sounds. The vowel sounds are unique. The sign used to represent the dipthong

vowel sound is an oval ( )above the vowels.

OI, -OY DIPTHONG

oi= middle of word

-oy=end of word

soil

ploy

enjoy

noise

point

boy

joint

soy

SPELLING

ANCHOR CHARTS AND REFERENCE SHEETS

ANCHOR CHARTS

MORE ANCHOR CHARTS…

REFERENCE SHEETS

WORD WORK

WORD HUNTS

Students hunt for a specific syllable type or cutting pattern in text and record the words.

WORD SORTS-WORDS THEIR WAY

1. Provide students with a list of words.2. Have students sort words according to

syllable pattern or rule.

-ow ow ou

rowsnow

owlgrowl

outfound

RESOURCES FOR GAMES

Florida Center for Reading Research Grades 2 and 3:

• http://www.fcrr.org/curriculum/PDF/G2-3/2-3Phonics_4.pdf

Grades 4 and 5: • http://

www.fcrr.org/curriculum/PDF/G4-5/45APPartTwo.pdf

o Words Their Way: Word Study for Phonics, Vocabulary, and Spelling Instruction• Chapter 6: Word Study for Transitional Leaners

in the Within Word Pattern Stage• Chapter 7: Word Study for Intermediate Readers

and Writers: The Syllables and Affixes Stage