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Station Platforms

T HR CI 12065 ST

Standard

Version 2.0

Issue date: 16 December 2019

© State of NSW through Transport for NSW 2019

T HR CI 12065 ST Station Platforms

Version 2.0 Issue date: 16 December 2019

Important message This document is one of a set of standards developed solely and specifically for use on

Transport Assets (as defined in the Asset Standards Authority Charter). It is not suitable for any

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You must not use or adapt this document or rely upon it in any way unless you are providing

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Standard governance

Owner: Lead Civil Engineer, Asset Standards Authority

Authoriser: Chief Engineer, Asset Standards Authority

Approver: Executive Director, Asset Standards Authority on behalf of the ASA Configuration Control Board

Document history

Version Summary of changes

1.0 First issue 17 March 2016

2.0 Second issue

© State of NSW through Transport for NSW 2019 of 35



Preface

The Asset Standards Authority (ASA) is a key strategic branch of Transport for NSW (TfNSW).

As the network design and standards authority for NSW Transport Assets, as specified in the

ASA Charter, the ASA identifies, selects, develops, publishes, maintains and controls a suite of

requirements documents on behalf of TfNSW, the asset owner.

The ASA deploys TfNSW requirements for asset and safety assurance by creating and

managing TfNSW's governance models, documents and processes. To achieve this, the ASA

focuses on four primary tasks:

• publishing and managing TfNSW's process and requirements documents including TfNSW

plans, standards, manuals and guides

• deploying TfNSW's Authorised Engineering Organisation (AEO) framework

• continuously improving TfNSW’s Asset Management Framework

• collaborating with the Transport cluster and industry through open engagement

The AEO framework authorises engineering organisations to supply and provide asset related

products and services to TfNSW. It works to assure the safety, quality and fitness for purpose of

those products and services over the asset's whole-of-life. AEOs are expected to demonstrate

how they have applied the requirements of ASA documents, including TfNSW plans, standards

and guides, when delivering assets and related services for TfNSW.

Compliance with ASA requirements by itself is not sufficient to ensure satisfactory outcomes for

NSW Transport Assets. The ASA expects that professional judgement be used by competent

personnel when using ASA requirements to produce those outcomes.

About this document

This standard was developed by the Chief Engineer section of the ASA, reviewed by a

committee of TfNSW cluster representatives and approved by the ASA Configuration Control

Board.

This standard was originally developed from RailCorp standard ESC 350 Platforms and

Retaining Walls, version 2.3.

This document details the design requirements for station platforms on the heavy rail

metropolitan rail area and country rail area.

This is a second issue.

The changes from the previous content include the following:

• incorporation of requirements from TMC 300 Structures General

• clarification of durability requirements




• enhancements to platform configuration requirements and platform footing requirements

• clarification of design loads

• addition of serviceability performance requirements

• separation, clarification and enhancement of requirements for existing platforms




Table of contents 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 8

2. Purpose .................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.1. Scope ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2. Application ............................................................................................................................................. 9

3. Reference documents ............................................................................................................................. 9

4. Terms and definitions ........................................................................................................................... 11

5. Risk and safety ...................................................................................................................................... 12 5.1. Risk assessment .................................................................................................................................. 12 5.2. Safe places .......................................................................................................................................... 13 5.3. Security ................................................................................................................................................ 13

6. Environment and sustainability ........................................................................................................... 14 6.1. Green infrastructure ............................................................................................................................. 14 6.2. Sustainability assurance requirements ................................................................................................ 14 6.3. Ambient environmental conditions ....................................................................................................... 14

7. Heritage .................................................................................................................................................. 14 7.1. Work at heritage listed platforms ......................................................................................................... 15 7.2. Work at platforms within heritage precincts ......................................................................................... 16 7.3. Heritage documentation ....................................................................................................................... 16

8. Design standards................................................................................................................................... 17 8.1. Structure classification ......................................................................................................................... 18

9. Approved materials ............................................................................................................................... 18 9.1. New and infrequently used material .................................................................................................... 18 9.2. Formwork ............................................................................................................................................. 18 9.3. Prohibited materials ............................................................................................................................. 19

10. Durability ................................................................................................................................................ 19 10.1. Design life ........................................................................................................................................ 19 10.2. Stray current and electrolysis .......................................................................................................... 19

11. Clearances .............................................................................................................................................. 19

12. Platform configuration .......................................................................................................................... 19 12.1. Permanent platforms ....................................................................................................................... 20 12.2. Access category .............................................................................................................................. 20 12.3. Width and length .............................................................................................................................. 20 12.4. Platform coping and wall .................................................................................................................. 20 12.5. Platform ends ................................................................................................................................... 21 12.6. Steel framed platforms ..................................................................................................................... 21 12.7. Temporary platforms ........................................................................................................................ 22 12.8. Platform footings .............................................................................................................................. 22 12.9. Joints in platforms ............................................................................................................................ 23

13. Design loads .......................................................................................................................................... 24 © State of NSW through Transport for NSW 2019 of 35



13.1. Vertical load on permanent platforms .............................................................................................. 24 13.2. Accidental impact load on permanent platforms.............................................................................. 24 13.3. Vertical live load on temporary platforms ........................................................................................ 25 13.4. Accidental impact load on temporary platforms............................................................................... 25 13.5. Load factors ..................................................................................................................................... 25 13.6. Serviceability requirements for platforms ........................................................................................ 25

14. Earthworks ............................................................................................................................................. 25

15. Drainage ................................................................................................................................................. 25

16. Services .................................................................................................................................................. 26

17. Electrical requirements ......................................................................................................................... 26

18. Existing platforms ................................................................................................................................. 26 18.1. Platform upgrade ............................................................................................................................. 27 18.2. Transition from new to existing platforms ........................................................................................ 28 18.3. Platform gap adjustment .................................................................................................................. 29 18.4. Platform survey controls marks ....................................................................................................... 30 18.5. Access category for upgraded platforms ......................................................................................... 30 18.6. Stability of existing brick platforms .................................................................................................. 30 18.7. Construction activities on platforms ................................................................................................. 31

19. Drawings ................................................................................................................................................. 33 19.1. As-built drawings ............................................................................................................................. 34

20. Construction .......................................................................................................................................... 34

21. Maintenance ........................................................................................................................................... 34

22. Decommissioning or disposal ............................................................................................................. 34




1. Introduction A station platform is a track-side structure built to provide safe public access to passenger

trains.

Platforms are designated as side platforms where constructed on the outside of tracks, or

designated as island platforms where constructed between tracks.

2. Purpose This document specifies the design, upgrade, construction, maintenance and, decommissioning

and disposal requirements for station platforms on the heavy rail metropolitan rail area and

country rail area.

2.1. Scope This standard covers the requirements for permanent and temporary station platforms, from

design through to decommissioning, on the heavy rail metropolitan rail area and country rail

area.

The scope includes the following structural elements:

• foundation material supporting platform structural elements

• platform footing base

• platform wall stem including monolithic structural cantilever overhang (coping)

• structural slab where cantilever overhang (coping) is monolithic with the slab

• structural fill over the platform footing base required to provide stability

• open structural framework supporting platform slabs

• platform ends

This standard does not cover the following:

• platform slabs that are not constructed structurally monolithic with the cantilever or wall

stem

• the platform surface

• platform drainage

• platform furniture

• platform fencing

• structures on the platform, communication and light poles

• building and architectural elements associated with station platforms © State of NSW through Transport for NSW 2019 of 35



For items not covered by this standard, refer to the following standards:

• ESB 000 Introduction

• ESB 001 Design Context and Process

• ESB 002 Design Principles

• ESB 003 Station Functional Spaces

• ESB 004 Station Services and Systems

2.2. Application This document applies to all persons and organisations engaged in the provision of services

relating to station platforms on the heavy rail metropolitan rail area and country rail area.

In addition to the requirements of this standard, asset decisions take into account the life cycle

cost considerations specified in T MU AM 01001 ST Life Cycle Costing.

If when using this standard, it is considered that the intent of stated requirements is unclear, a

clarification shall be sought from the Lead Civil Engineer, Asset Standards Authority (ASA).

3. Reference documents The following documents are cited in the text. For dated references, only the cited edition

applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies.

Australian standards

AS 4678-2002 Earth-retaining structures

AS 5100 Bridge design

Transport for NSW standards

ESB 000 Introduction

ESB 001 Design Context and Process

ESB 002 Design Principles

ESB 003 Station Functional Spaces

ESB 004 Station Services and Systems

ESC 210 Track Geometry and Stability

ESC 215 Transit Space

ESC 302 Structures Defect Limits

SPC 301 Structures Construction

TMC 301 Structures Examination © State of NSW through Transport for NSW 2019 of 35



T HR CI 12020 ST Underbridges

T HR CI 12030 ST Overbridges and Footbridges

T HR CI 12073 ST Safe Places

T HR CI 12110 ST Earthworks and Formation

T HR CI 12130 MA Track Drainage (manual)

T HR CI 12130 ST Track Drainage (standard)

T HR TR 13000 ST Railway Surveying

T MU AM 01001 ST Life Cycle Costing

T MU AM 01003 ST Development of Technical Maintenance Plans

T MU EN 00005 ST Ambient Environmental Conditions

T MU EN 00007 GU Integrating Green Infrastructure

T MU EN 00008 ST Sustainability Assurance Requirements

T MU MD 00006 ST Engineering Drawings and CAD Requirements

T MU MD 20001 ST System Safety Standard for New or Altered Assets

T MU MD 20002 ST Risk Criteria for Use by Organisations Providing Engineering Services

T MU SY 20001 ST Surface Transport Fixed Infrastructure Physical Security Standard

Transport for NSW standard drawings

CV 0044220 Cityrail Platforms (All Lines) Platform Gap Reduction Brick Coping Treatment –

Tiled Platforms Steelwork Details

CV 0046177 Brick Platform Stabilising – Sample General Arrangement

CV 0150228 Cityrail Platforms (All Lines) Platform Gap Reduction Insitu Coping Concrete

Treatment Steelwork Details

CV 0150229 Cityrail Platforms (All Lines) Platform Gap Reduction Brick Coping Treatment

Steelwork Details

CV 0150596 Cityrail Platforms (All Lines) Platform Gap Reduction Existing Coping - Plate


CV 0152305 Cityrail Platforms (All Lines) Platform Gap Reduction Existing Coping Angle to U/S


CV 0153011 Cityrail Platforms (All Lines) Platform Gap Reduction Brick Coping Cutback


CV 0157182 Cityrail Platforms (All Lines) Platform Gap Reduction Thin In-Situ Concrete

Steelwork Details © State of NSW through Transport for NSW 2019 of 35



CV 0269094 Cityrail Platforms (All Lines) Platform Gap Reduction Thin In-Situ Concrete

Steelwork Details

CV 0212088 Brick Platform Stabilising – Ground Anchors

CV 0212089 Brick Platform Stabilising – Anchor Ties

CV 0212090 Brick Platform Stabilising – Dead Man Anchors

CV 0261000 Standard – All Lines – Steel Stairway for Platform Ends – Miscellaneous Details

Legislation

Heritage Act 1977

Rail Safety National Law 2012

Transport Administration Act 1988

Work Health and Safety Act 2011

Other reference documents

MN A 00100 Civil and Track Technical Maintenance (extracted from formerly ESC 100)

NSW Government 2019, Code of Practice Safe Design of Structures

NSW Heritage Office 1998, Heritage Information Series, How to Prepare Archival Records of

Heritage Items

NSW State Heritage Register

Office of Environment and Heritage January 2005, State Agency Heritage Guide –

Management of Heritage Assets by NSW Government Agencies

RailCorp Section 170 Heritage and Conservation Register

Roads and Maritime Services Bridge Technical Direction BTD2007/11 Horizontal reinforcement

for crack control in walls and wall type piers

Roads and Maritime Services QA Specification B114 Ground anchors

Sydney Trains May 2015, Heritage Platforms Conservation Management Strategy

(Available from Sydney Trains through the relevant contract manager)

4. Terms and definitions The following terms and definitions apply in this document:

AEO Authorised Engineering Organisation

ASA Asset Standards Authority

country rail area that part of the NSW rail network (as defined in the Transport Administration

Act) not within the metropolitan rail area (Transport Administration Act) © State of NSW through Transport for NSW 2019 of 35



metropolitan rail area the rail freight network and the rail passenger network within the

metropolitan rail area bounded by Newcastle (in the north), Richmond (in the northwest),

Bowenfels (in the west), Macarthur (in the southwest) and Bomaderry (in the south), and all

connection lines and sidings within these areas, but excluding private sidings

OHW overhead wiring

OHWS overhead wiring structure

RIM rail infrastructure manager; in relation to rail infrastructure of a railway, means the person

who has effective control and management of the rail infrastructure, whether or not the

person—

(a) owns the rail infrastructure; or

(b) has a statutory or contractual right to use the rail infrastructure or to control, or provide,

access to it

(Rail Safety National Law 2012)

RIM approval / acceptance a written approval or acceptance issued by the RIM’s civil design

discipline head. In Sydney Trains this is the Professional Head Civil Engineering

TfNSW Transport for New South Wales

5. Risk and safety Safe design is mandated in the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 and shall be incorporated into

the design of station platforms. Guidance on the safe design of structures can be found in the

NSW Government 2019 Code of Practice Safe Design of Structures.

The design of station platforms, including the upgrade of existing platforms, shall take into

account the safety and human factors considerations for construction, operational, maintenance

and decommissioning workers and of the potential users of the structure.

The designer shall establish and implement a design process system that manages safety

across the full life cycle of the structure. The design process system shall be developed in

accordance with T MU MD 20001 ST System Safety Standard for New or Altered Assets.

5.1. Risk assessment Where required, a risk assessment shall be conducted in accordance with T MU MD 20002 ST

Risk Criteria for Use by Organisations Providing Engineering Services.

The risk assessment shall be site-specific and should consider at least the following platform

aspects:

• site condition, including cuttings and embankments




• noncompliances to platform standard

• platform surface levels, platform cross-fall (towards or away from the track), platform ends

(ramped or vertical)

• derailment history at the site

• type of structure, that is, the potential for collapse and damage to trains

• the risks associated with demolition of existing types of construction such as retaining, pre-

stressed or post tensioned structures

• track clearance to support elements

• presence of hazards at the site, for example, track turnouts

• track components in the approach direction of travel, for example, catchpoints, facing and

trailing turnouts, slips, diamonds or scissor crossovers

• track geometry, that is, straight or curved track, steep or flat gradient

• track speed (and potential out of control train speed) at the location

• track type, that is class, sleeper type and rail size

• type of rolling stock

• rail traffic frequency

• future usage and growth in patronage

The risk assessment should also include any other relevant site-specific criteria and shall be

used to determine the extent of mitigation required.

Risk assessments shall be submitted for acceptance by the rail infrastructure manager (RIM).

5.2. Safe places The area underneath the platform coping shall not be designated as a safe place.

To indicate a no safe place at track level adjacent to the platform ‘No safe place’ signs shall be

used. The sign shall be in accordance with the requirements specified in T HR CI 12073 ST

Safe Places.

5.3. Security Requirements for security and crime prevention strategies shall be determined in consultation

with the RIM, in accordance with T MU SY 20001 ST Surface Transport Fixed Infrastructure

Physical Security Standard.




6. Environment and sustainability Section 6.1 to Section 6.3 set out environmental and sustainability requirements to be fulfilled

during the investigation, design, construction and operational activities.

6.1. Green infrastructure The design of platforms shall identify opportunities to integrate green infrastructure. For further

guidance, refer to T MU EN 00007 GU Integrating Green Infrastructure.

Plant species used in landscaping the precinct around the platform shall be carefully selected to

ensure that they do not accelerate the deterioration, or prevent the examination or operation of

a platform or adjacent track.

Only low maintenance species with non-invasive root systems shall be planted on areas

adjacent to rail infrastructure, for example, species with limited canopy spread to avoid

interference with overhead wiring (OHW) infrastructure, signals, and lighting.

6.2. Sustainability assurance requirements Design of platforms shall incorporate solutions to TfNSW key sustainability areas as outlined in

T MU EN 00008 ST Sustainability Assurance Requirements.

6.3. Ambient environmental conditions Platforms shall be designed to operate under the current and projected environmental

conditions defined in T MU EN 00005 ST Ambient Environmental Conditions.

7. Heritage Transport agencies are responsible for maintaining and appropriately managing heritage items

under their stewardship and control. The Heritage Act 1977 is designed to protect, maintain and

manage environmental heritage in NSW, including items of archaeological significance.

Where changes are proposed to items with heritage significance, the following applies:

• for items listed on the State Heritage Register, the provisions of the Heritage Act shall be

met

• for items listed on a state agency RailCorp Section 170 Heritage and Conservation

Register, the principles and relevant guidelines contained within the State Agency Heritage

Guide – Management of Heritage Assets by NSW Government Agencies and Sydney

Trains Heritage Platforms Conservation Management Strategy shall be followed

Platforms with identified heritage significance are usually a part of a larger heritage listing for a

station building or precinct. Platforms can have important aesthetic, technical, or representative




value, and often support the overall aesthetic character and heritage value of a broader station

precinct. Identifying the significant features, values and characteristics of a heritage item or

precinct is an essential step in developing appropriate designs for new elements within heritage-

listed precincts. The identified significance of a particular item or precinct and its contributory

elements and values, shall not be compromised by construction and maintenance works.

Advice from a professional heritage practitioner shall be obtained early in a project’s scoping

and design stage to determine heritage constraints and opportunities, assess any potential

heritage impacts and to guide the nature and extent of all proposed works. Heritage advice shall

be sought not only during the options analysis and design/planning phases but also throughout

the duration of the project to facilitate best possible heritage outcomes.

Proposals for minor works to heritage listed platforms may be assessed using internal

regulatory authority in cases where heritage fabric does not have adverse impact on heritage

significance; in all cases the RIM shall direct works and advise regulatory approval paths. If

archaeological evidence is discovered during construction or maintenance works, works shall

cease immediately. The RIM shall be informed and professional heritage advice obtained, and

notification shall be made in accordance with the relevant legislation.

7.1. Work at heritage listed platforms For works carried out at existing heritage listed platforms, the following shall apply:

• heritage fabric shall be conserved as part of a regular maintenance program in order to

sustainably extend its useful life, under the care and direction of a professional heritage

practitioner or an experienced tradesperson

• maintenance shall include, but not limited to, pest control for timber component parts, anti-

corrosive coatings for metal component parts as applicable and stonework repairs and

maintenance

• during construction or maintenance works, fixtures and fittings with heritage significance

shall be protected and conserved

• due to the likelihood of hazardous materials within the fill of heritage listed platforms,

applicable work health and safety legislation shall be followed

Active vegetation management shall be undertaken, including protection of existing vegetation

noted on the station or precinct's heritage listing, appropriate management of senescence, and

maintenance and protection of landscaping. Where a platform structure is notable for its rarity or

technological value, its significance shall be more broadly considered within the context of the

heavy rail network and accordingly conserved.




7.2. Work at platforms within heritage precincts For new works at platforms within heritage listed precincts, the following shall apply:

• The aim should be to avoid or minimise impacts on the heritage significance of the platform

or precinct to the greatest extent feasible.

• Heritage opportunities and constraints should be considered throughout the options

analysis and design process, including consideration of alternative solutions to the norm

when these are more sympathetic to the heritage significance of the place.

• Where platforms are wholly renewed or new platform structures are proposed within

heritage listed precincts or within the visual catchment of heritage listed items, a design

approach shall be developed in conjunction with a professional heritage practitioner that

respects the heritage significance of the precinct. New works shall be identifiable as new

and be visually complementary to the existing context.

• Many heritage listed platforms were built with ramped ends to provide access to the track.

Where upgrades to station precincts are proposed, existing ramped ends shall be retained,

subject to full risk assessment. The risk assessment shall be submitted to the TfNSW

heritage advisor for approval. Supports for the platform extension shall be constructed

behind the ramped wall.

• Fencing at platform ends shall prevent access to the rail corridor and shall not be visually

dominant in colour, style or material to the heritage significance of the station precinct.

7.3. Heritage documentation For proposed works that would alter the structure or appearance of a platform, photographic

archival recording of the existing platform shall be undertaken prior to the commencement of the

works. Recording shall be prepared in accordance with the NSW Heritage Office 1998, Heritage

Information Series, How to Prepare Archival Records of Heritage Items. This process can be

repeated to record the structure of the platform as it is revealed during construction works or

demolition process, if required by the regulatory authority.

Proposed new works to platforms within heritage precincts should be accompanied by a

Statement of Heritage Impact that determines the extent, if any, of impacts to the significance of

the platform and the railway station in its entirety, and preferred heritage management and

mitigation measures.

Refer to Section 18.6 for additional requirements where stabilising works are proposed.




8. Design standards The design of platform structures shall be in accordance with AS 5100 Bridge design and the

requirements of this standard for the following limit states:

• stability

• serviceability

• strength

AS 4678-2002 Earth-retaining structures shall be used for the following:

• investigation and testing of geotechnical materials

• earthquake design (retained earth platforms)

• detailing of drainage systems behind retained earth platform walls

• structure classification

The design of station platforms shall take into account associated requirements including the

following:

• track geometry

• clearances

• bridges and structures

• rolling stock

• service routes

• location of lifts, stairs and ramps

• overhead wiring

• signalling infrastructure

• earthing and bonding

• drainage

• architectural treatments

• site-specific requirements

• disability access requirements (DSAPT)

The design of station platforms is covered in the following standards:

• ESB 000 Introduction

• ESB 001 Design Context and Process




• ESB 002 Design Principles

• ESB 003 Station Functional Spaces

• ESB 004 Station Services and Systems

Where conflict exists, the requirements of this standard shall take precedence.

8.1. Structure classification The structure classification for the platform wall shall be 'C' in accordance with Table 1.1 of

AS 4678-2002 Earth-retaining structures.

9. Approved materials Approved construction materials for main structural elements of permanent station platforms are

steel reinforced concrete, concrete masonry and steel in metropolitan areas as specified in

Section 12.6. Steel is permitted for structural elements for temporary platforms in all areas.

Fibre-composite materials are approved for use for permanent non-structural elements.

Brick masonry is approved for repair of existing platforms and for cladding of new structures

where it is required in special circumstances, for example, heritage considerations. Only

approved heritage details such as brick type and mortar shall be used.

9.1. New and infrequently used material If any products specified in the design documentation can reasonably be deemed to be new or

infrequently used, these shall be identified by the designer and referred to the Lead Civil

Engineer, ASA for approval. The designer shall ensure that the manufacturer, constructor or

maintainer of the product understands any special requirements or practices relating to the use

of the product in the rail environment prior to release of the design documentation. The design

documentation shall include documentation of these special requirements.

9.2. Formwork Permanent formwork may be used for station platforms. Permanent formwork shall not be taken

into account in determining the strength of the structure, unless it satisfies durability and design

life requirements and becomes structurally composite with the permanent part of the structure.

The design of steel permanent formwork shall include mitigation of the effects of stray currents.

See Section 10.2 for further requirements.

Formwork with a potential to affect the durability of the structure or, foul track if it fails, is not

permitted.




Temporary formwork left in place during train operations shall be inspected regularly during the

construction to ensure that it is not loose or unstable.

9.3. Prohibited materials Timber and manufactured timber materials shall not be used as structural elements in station

platforms.

10. Durability The durability requirements for permanent station platforms shall be in accordance with

T HR CI 12002 ST Durability Requirements for Civil Infrastructure.

10.1. Design life The design life of all permanent platform structural components shall be as specified in

T HR CI 12002 ST. This is typically 120 years for permanent station platforms and also for items

which cannot be easily maintained or replaced.

For temporary platforms, see Section 12.7.

10.2. Stray current and electrolysis Requirements for stray current and electrolysis prevention shall be assessed in the platform

design.

The design shall incorporate mitigation against the effects of stray currents. Electrical

requirements shall be obtained from the Lead Electrical Engineer, ASA.

Requirements for ongoing monitoring shall be included in the durability plan and the technical

maintenance plan (TMP).

11. Clearances Horizontal and vertical track clearance requirements for station platforms are in ESC 215.

The area extending one metre below design rail level shall be kept clear of structures and

structure footings, unless otherwise noted in this standard. Refer to Figure 1 and minimum

service requirements in ESC 215 for details.

Requirements for survey are provided in T HR TR 13000 ST Railway Surveying.

12. Platform configuration A reinforced concrete cantilevered retaining wall type platform structure is the preferred

configuration for new permanent platform.




Backfilled gravity type precast concrete U-shaped units are commonly used for platform

reconstruction within limited track possession.

A suspended platform is a structure where the platform is comprised of superstructure elements

spanning between supporting substructure frames. Supporting substructure frames can be

made from concrete or steel.

Before the design of a suspended platform commences, approval shall be obtained from the

Lead Civil Engineer, ASA.

12.1. Permanent platforms Station platforms that are intended to be in service for more than 24 months shall be regarded

as permanent platforms.

Track design requirements for station platforms in new rail corridors are set out in ESC 210

Track Geometry and Stability and the approved design horizontal and vertical track alignment

shall be used.

Proposed works on existing platforms shall comply with Section 18 of this standard.

12.2. Access category The access category for station platforms in new rail corridors shall be ‘level access’ as defined

in ESC 215 Transit Space, unless otherwise nominated by the rail operator or the RIM.

For access category of upgraded platforms see Section 18.5.

12.3. Width and length The width of station platforms shall be determined on the basis of usage requirements and in

accordance with the TfNSW standards listed Section 8 of this standard.

The minimum length of new station platforms shall be 172 m for metropolitan suburban trains

and 200 m for intercity trains, unless otherwise advised by TfNSW. Provision shall also be made

for any proposed future rolling stock.

The platform length shall be confirmed by all the stakeholders (RIM, Lead Stations and

Buildings Engineer, ASA, Lead Rolling Stock Engineer, ASA, and the rail operator).

12.4. Platform coping and wall For the purpose of this standard, the platform coping is defined as the vertical face of the

platform cantilever.

For brick, a platform without an overhang, the coping is defined as top course of brickwork.




The distance between the edge of the platform coping and platform wall or platform support

structure adjacent to the track shall not be less than 750 mm. This distance is to allow for track

drainage and track reconditioning.

Coping edge materials shall be non-conductive.

Contact the Lead Electrical Engineer, ASA for the requirements of insulating materials. In

addition, Section 17 sets out earthing and bonding requirements.

12.5. Platform ends Walls at the ends of new platforms shall be vertical; ramped ends are not permitted. Access

stairways shall be provided at each end of the platform. The standard drawing CV 0261000

Standard – All Lines – Steel Stairway for Platform Ends – Miscellaneous Details shows typical

details of steel stairways.

Before any proposed works are undertaken, station platforms that are of heritage significance

shall be subject to the requirements set out in Section 7 of this standard.

The platform coping at the ends of new platforms shall have a 20 mm chamfer over a 200 mm

length.

Platform end walls shall be designed for the accidental impact load defined in Section 13.2 and

Section 13.4, as applicable.

12.6. Steel framed platforms Steel framed platforms shall not be used as permanent platforms in the electrified areas of the

heavy rail metropolitan rail area and the country rail area. Steel elements in platforms may be

used in electrified areas in the following application, subject to approval from the Lead Civil

Engineer, ASA:

• steel soldier piles used to support concrete platform wall

• steel structure used for platform extension over a ramped platform end for driver access

Electrical requirements shall be in accordance with Section 17.

The design shall include provision for ease of access for inspection and maintenance of

steelwork.

Durability requirements for steel platforms shall be in accordance with Section 10. Steel framed

platform structures shall be considered as ‘platform walls’ in T HR CI 12002 ST.




12.7. Temporary platforms Temporary station platforms are platforms that are intended to be in service for not more than

24 months. The provision of temporary station platforms may be required during the

construction of new works or as part of major maintenance work.

Any station platform that is intended to be in service for more than 24 months shall be

considered as permanent.

Temporary platforms shall be designed to the same configuration requirements as for

permanent platforms, except as noted in this standard.

The access category, length and width of temporary platforms shall be in accordance with

project requirements and shall be submitted for approval by the RIM.

Temporary platforms shall have a minimum design life of 10 years.

Footings for temporary platforms shall be in accordance with Section 12.8, unless otherwise

approved by the RIM.

12.8. Platform footings Platform footings shall be located to facilitate track drainage, ballast cleaning and track

reconditioning and to ensure that the platform is not undermined nor the platform wall made

unstable during such activities.

For the determination of platform footing depth, the rail level shall be the lower of the design rail

level and the existing rail level.

The founding depth of the footing refers to the underside of the structural footing that is in direct

contact with the foundation material, or any blinding layer where provided.

12.8.1. Ballasted track The following conditions apply for ballasted track:

• Footings, where not founded in sound rock, shall be founded at a minimum depth of

400 mm below the top of the adjacent capping level or 1200 mm below the adjacent rail

level, whichever is deeper. Sound rock shall be rock with unconfined compressive strength

(UCS) ≥ 3.0 MPa.

• Footings, where founded in sound rock, shall be founded at a minimum depth of 300 mm

below the top of the adjacent capping level or 1100 mm below the adjacent rail level,

whichever is deeper.

• The top of any footing projecting beyond the face of the platform wall shall be located at a

minimum of 1000 mm below rail level.




12.8.2. Slab track

The following conditions apply to direct fixed track slab that extends to the face of the platform

wall:

• Footings, where not founded in sound rock, shall be founded at a minimum depth of

250 mm below the underside of the adjacent track slab, or base slab where provided.

Sound rock shall be rock with unconfined compressive strength (UCS) ≥ 3.0 MPa.

• Footings, where founded in sound rock, may be founded at a minimum depth of 150 mm

below the underside of the track slab.

12.8.3. Framed platforms

Framed platforms shall have footings comprised of concrete filled augured holes extending not

less than 1400 mm below the design rail level or 600 mm below top of formation level,

whichever is the greater.

The top of the footings shall be finished at a minimum of 250 mm above the finished ground

level and the surface profiled to shed water away from the platform supports.

The supporting framework for suspended platforms may incorporate high-level footings located

at the rear of the platform with a spill-through embankment under the platform.

12.9. Joints in platforms Platform joint requirements are as follows:

• Provision for the control of cracking caused by shrinkage and thermal effects shall be made

in new concrete platform walls and platform slabs.

• Horizontal reinforcement for crack control in walls shall comply with AS 5100 and Roads

and Maritime Services (RMS) Bridge Technical Direction BTD2007/11 Horizontal

reinforcement for crack control in walls and wall type piers.

• Movement joints shall be designed to accommodate both contraction and expansion due to

thermal and environmental conditions and to suit structural material employed.

• Isolation joints shall be provided around fixed objects located in slabs to prevent damage to

the slab, for example, structure footings.

• Movement joints in brickwork or blockwork facing shall be designed to suit the facing

material.

• Exposed joints shall be fitted with compressible filler and approved flexible sealant installed

in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.




13. Design loads Platforms shall be designed for vertical live load associated with customer traffic and platform

and station building maintenance.

Platforms shall also be designed for horizontal loads associated with accidental impact from

routine track maintenance activities.

Platforms are not required to be designed for train derailment collision loads. Refer to

T HR CI 12030 ST Overbridges and Footbridges for special requirements for platforms that

provide derailment collision protection to piers and columns located on platforms.

Surcharge pressure from the design rail traffic load on platform structural elements shall be

included where it results in adverse load effects. The design rail traffic load shall be in

accordance with T HR CI 12020 ST Underbridges.

The designer shall include compaction surcharge pressure on the back of retained platforms

during the construction stage.

13.1. Vertical load on permanent platforms The vertical live load on permanent station platform shall be 10 kPa, without dynamic

amplification.

13.2. Accidental impact load on permanent platforms Permanent station platforms shall be designed to resist the following minimum horizontal

accidental impact loads, applied as an ultimate design load (with a load factor of 1.0):

• normal to track centreline: 200 kN at any point along the platform

• parallel to the track centreline: 200 kN resisted by the end 20 m of platform

The following load cases shall be included:

• normal load acting towards the platform and applied simultaneously with the parallel load

applied at the end face of the platform in the most adverse position and direction

• normal load acting away from the platform and applied simultaneously with the parallel load

applied at the end face of the platform in the most adverse position and direction

• normal and horizontal loads applied at locations of structural joints in the platform acting in

the most adverse directions (dowel bars in joints shall be designed to resist these loads, in

additional to any other forces)

The loads shall be applied at the top edge of the coping.




13.3. Vertical live load on temporary platforms The design vertical live load for temporary station platform shall be the load specified in

Section 13.1 multiplied by 0.5, without dynamic amplification, subject to the platform being used

for passengers only and no plant or equipment is permitted; otherwise the vertical live load shall

be as for permanent platform as specified in Section 13.1.

13.4. Accidental impact load on temporary platforms Temporary station platforms shall be designed to resist the accidental impact loads in

Section 13.2, multiplied by a factor of 0.5.

13.5. Load factors The ULS and SLS load factors shall be the same as specified in AS 5100 for pedestrian traffic.

Load factors for construction load shall be in accordance with AS 5100.

13.6. Serviceability requirements for platforms Permanent and temporary framed suspended platform structures shall be checked for deflection

and dynamic behaviour in accordance with AS 5100 requirements for pedestrian traffic. Earth

filled platforms are not required to be checked.

The serviceability design load for deflection and dynamic behaviour shall be the load specified

for the vertical platform load in Section 13.1 or Section 13.3.

The platform global elastic deformation of any part of the platform under the application of the

accidental loads shall be limited to h divided by 200, where h is the height of platform above

formation level.

14. Earthworks Compaction and drainage of earthworks associated with the backfill of station platforms shall be

in accordance with AS 4678-2002 and Section 20 of this standard.

Battered earth slopes beneath open station platforms shall be designed to prevent spillage of

material within 3 m the track.

15. Drainage Track drainage shall be specifically designed at station platforms, particularly in cases where

natural run-off from the track structure is interrupted by the platform wall. The drainage design

shall be in accordance with T HR CI 12130 ST Track Drainage standard and T HR CI 12130 MA

Track Drainage manual.




The slope of the platform surface shall be designed to ensure that run-off is directed away from

the track. A complete drainage system shall be provided to collect and transfer of all

stormwater.

Platform surface drainage water on existing platforms, including runoff from canopies and

footbridge decks, is permitted to discharge into track drainage systems, subject to

T HR CI 12130 ST requirements.

16. Services For new station platforms, services shall be located inside utility ducts within the platform.

At existing station platforms, service cables and ducting may be attached to the platform wall

under the coping where there is sufficient overhang to accommodate the services. Services

shall be located at a maximum vertical distance of 500 mm from the underside of the coping

and extend to a maximum horizontal distance of 300 mm from the face of the platform wall

towards the track.

Services attached to an existing platform wall shall comply with the transit space requirements

set out in ESC 215.

17. Electrical requirements In electrified areas, the design of station platforms shall provide for earthing and bonding of

metallic components of the platform in order to mitigate touch potential hazards and corrosion of

steel.

Contact the Lead Electrical Engineer, ASA for the design requirements for earthing and bonding

of station platforms in the electrified areas.

18. Existing platforms Partial platform reconstruction or full reconstruction or upgrade work shall take into account the

stakeholder requirements. Design options shall account for the following factors:

• proposed future line usage and business requirements

• track geometry

• clearances to overbridges, footbridges and overhead wiring structures

• current and future rolling stock types

• height of the platform above rail (the preferred height is for a level access platform)

• requirements for freight rolling stock

• length of the platform




• platform cross-fall (the preference is for the platform to slope away from the track)

• platform surface finishes and slip resistance

• building finished floor levels

• lifts and the height of the lift doors

• ramp and stair locations

• drainage

• end of platform access stairs

• lighting poles and bases

• station furniture

• station platform indicators (SPI) and closed-circuit television (CCTV) locations

• platform fencing

• service conduits

• removal of trees

• planter and garden beds

• heritage significance

• potential impact on existing buildings, structures, ticket machines, entrances and riser

height to bridge stairs, and Help Points

• potential impact on signal sighting or signal positioning

18.1. Platform upgrade New works such as reconstruction of existing platforms and extensions to the ends of existing

platforms, shall comply with the requirements of this standard.

The following upgrade works may be undertaken at platforms and do not require upgrade of the

platform wall or coping to the current standard:

• platform resurfacing

• raising the surface level of a platform to comply with standard or level access

• altering platform cross-fall, including the transition zones

• installation of canopies

• installation of lifts

• drainage work that does not increase the volume of water entering the existing drainage

system © State of NSW through Transport for NSW 2019 of 35



• installation of tactile surface

• improvements to disability access

The following platform upgrade works do not require the entire length of the platform to be

upgraded to comply with the requirements of this standard, except where the cost of the

upgrade works exceeds 35% of the cost of upgrading the whole platform, for similar works:

• partial platform reconstruction

• platform extensions

Where upgrade of an existing platform coping is undertaken, a galvanised steel or corrosion

resistant material edge may be used subject to the installation of a durable insulating material to

the top of the steel edge that satisfies electrical requirements. Paint shall not be used as

insulating material. See Section 12.4 and Section 17.

The minimum length for a fully reconstructed platform shall be in accordance with Section 12.3.

Platform extension or partial reconstruction that does not exceed 5 m in length may be

constructed to match the existing platform geometric configuration, subject to approval by the

RIM.

18.2. Transition from new to existing platforms Where a platform extension or part of an existing platform is reconstructed to the requirements

of this standard and the existing platform does not comply, a transition zone between the new

compliant and existing noncompliant platform shall be provided. The transition shall have the

following characteristics:

• transitions should be avoided at train door locations along the platform

• gradual change in the platform surface level from the new to the existing, with a

longitudinal grade not exceeding 1 in 20 at non-door locations, and 1 in 40 at door

locations

• where change in platform cross-fall occurs, the platform surface shall be graded in two

directions, parallel and normal to the track, with a grade not exceeding 1 in 40

• the change in coping offset from the design track centreline shall be gradual and smooth

and shall be submitted for approval by the RIM

• a platform surface drainage system shall be provided and no water ponding shall occur in

the transition zone




18.3. Platform gap adjustment Existing platforms have been constructed to suit track and platform design standards and types

of rolling stock in use at the time of their construction. This is sometimes incompatible with

current rolling stock that is in operation. This incompatibility is exacerbated on curved platforms.

The result of this incompatibility is a horizontal gap between the platform coping and the train

carriage vestibule that is wider than standard. Drawings have been prepared to provide

solutions to reduce the gaps and are listed in Table 1.

Table 1 - Reference drawings for platform gap reduction

EDMS reference Title

CV 0044220 CITYRAIL PLATFORMS (ALL LINES) PLATFORM GAP REDUCTION BRICK COPING TREATMENT – TILED PLATFORMS STEELWORK DETAILS

CV 0150228 CITYRAIL PLATFORMS (ALL LINES) PLATFORM GAP REDUCTION INSITU COPING CONCRETE TREATMENT STEELWORK DETAILS

CV 0150229 CITYRAIL PLATFORMS (ALL LINES) PLATFORM GAP REDUCTION BRICK COPING TREATMENT STEELWORK DETAILS

CV 0150596 CITYRAIL PLATFORMS (ALL LINES) PLATFORM GAP REDUCTION EXISTING COPING - PLATE TREATMENT STEELWORK DETAILS

CV 0152305 CITYRAIL PLATFORMS (ALL LINES) PLATFORM GAP REDUCTION EXISTING COPING ANGLE TO U/S TREATMENT STEELWORK DETAILS

CV 0153011 CITYRAIL PLATFORMS (ALL LINES) PLATFORM GAP REDUCTION BRICK COPING CUTBACK TREATMENT STEELWORK DETAILS

CV 0157182 CITYRAIL PLATFORMS (ALL LINES) PLATFORM GAP REDUCTION THIN IN-SITU CONCRETE STEELWORK DETAILS

CV 0269094 CITYRAIL PLATFORMS (ALL LINES) PLATFORM GAP REDUCTION THIN IN-SITU CONCRETE STEELWORK DETAILS

The use of drawings in Table 1 is not mandatory unless required in this standard, or another

TfNSW standard, or by the RIM.

Where the designer proposes to adopt a referenced design or detail for a specific platform

location, the designer shall assess the currency and suitability of the referenced designs for use

and where necessary, shall specify modified or alternative designs. Modified or alternative

designs shall comply with all relevant TfNSW and Australian standards, as applicable.

The referenced drawings do not include the non-conductive tip on the top of the coping angle as

specified in Section 12.4. Contact the Lead Electrical Engineer, ASA for earthing and bonding

requirements. See also Section 17.




18.4. Platform survey controls marks Platform construction or reconstruction shall include the installation or reinstatement of survey

control marks (SCM) and track control marks (TCM), in accordance with T HR TR 13000 ST

Railway Surveying.

Any platform extensions or alterations in level shall require a new survey to be carried out and

new survey markers installed.

18.5. Access category for upgraded platforms The access category for station platform reconstruction projects shall be determined by taking

into account site-specific conditions as part of the project development.

Station platform reconstruction projects shall comply with the geometry design alignment

requirements set out in ESC 210 and Section 8 of this standard, and shall be submitted for

approval by the RIM.

18.6. Stability of existing brick platforms Existing brick platforms generally have shallow footings founded at approximately 600 mm

below top of formation level and have a wall thickness of 450 mm. Track maintenance activities

such as track reconditioning and drainage improvements may destabilise these platforms. Many

brick platforms have been stabilised or replaced in the past.

Before any work is undertaken on or adjacent to an existing brick platform, a strength and

stability assessment shall be undertaken to determine the extent of any temporary or permanent

works required to ensure platform performance is not reduced. The passive resistance of

material in front of the platform shall be ignored where excavations in front of the platform is

undertaken.

TfNSW has standard drawings for stabilising existing brick station platforms. Where stabilising is

required, reference may be made to the following standard drawings:

• CV 0046177 Brick Platform Stabilising – Sample General Arrangement

• CV 0212088 Brick Platform Stabilising – Ground Anchors

• CV 0212089 Brick Platform Stabilising – Anchor Ties

• CV 0212090 Brick Platform Stabilising – Dead Man Anchors

The designer shall be satisfied that the standard design selected is appropriate for the location

and conditions and complies with other TfNSW standards referenced. Where the standard

designs do not comply, the designer shall prepare a compliant design.




For heritage listed sites, heritage practitioner advice should be sought early in the design

process to ensure that heritage impacts of any stabilisation works are minimised to the greatest

extent possible.

18.6.1. Ground anchors and tie rods Ground anchors and tie rods may be used to stabilise existing platforms. The design

requirements are as follows:

• Ground anchors and tie rods shall have a design life in accordance with Section 10.1.

• Glass reinforced polymer (GRP) anchors and tie rods shall not be used for permanent

installations.

• Ground anchors shall comply with the requirements of AS 4678-2002 and Roads and

Maritime Services (RMS) QA Specification B114 Ground Anchors (Lump Sum).

• The design of ground anchors and tie rods shall include the mitigation of the effects of stray

currents. Contact the Lead Electrical Engineer, ASA for electrical requirements.

• Anchor and tie rod heads shall be protected to ensure that they do not cause an

obstruction.

• Anchor and tie rod heads shall be recessed or protected against damage by a derailed

train or by maintenance activities.

• The designer shall specify the requirements for testing of ground anchors. Testing shall

comply with the requirements in RMS QA Specification B114.

• The designer shall specify the requirements for long-term monitoring of ground anchors.

• Ground anchors shall not extend under private property without the approval of the Lead

Civil Engineer, ASA.

18.7. Construction activities on platforms Excavations or other civil works on earth filled station platforms may create a risk of

destabilising the platform wall as a result of the total mass and individual axle loads of heavy

plant exerting pressure on the back of the platform wall. Motorised plant with a total mass

exceeding 2 tonnes or an operating axle exceeding 1 tonne shall not be used within 1.5 metres

from the rear face of any earth retaining platform wall. See Section 18.6 for further requirements

on brick platforms.

Excavation in earth filled platforms may also damage ground anchors and tie rods that may

have been installed to support the wall. The anchors and rods are typically round steel bars or

old rails, extending either horizontally or vertically inclined downwards from the top of the wall

and terminating in a buried concrete block. Whilst it is useful to consult old platform details,




these are not reliable as ‘work as executed’ records and care shall be exercised when

excavating.

Existing platform may be propped to ensure stability during upgrading works on the platform.

Platforms with brick walls shall be propped for work involving the use of heavy motorised plant.

Platform walls shall be assessed by a structural engineer; see Section 18.6.

The sample design for propping detailed in Figure 1 is suitable for platform resurfacing works

involving the use of a two-tonne non-vibratory roller. Where a heavier roller or a vibratory roller

is required to be used, a propping system shall be designed by a structural engineer.

Figure 1 - Indicative platform propping arrangement

18.7.1. Track requirements for platform propping Where the propping system utilises the track structure, propping shall be from the rail nearest to

the platform.

Where propping is from the track, the following track requirements shall be satisfied:

• No rail traffic shall operate on track where propping is placed.

• Propping shall only be carried out where approved by the RIM.

Control measures shall be implemented for work on the platform where propping is used.

The control measures for work involving propping shall include the following:

• Before placing any propping or commencing any works carry out a check survey with

photographic evidence to record the platform wall condition.

• Asphalt compaction equipment shall not exceed 2 tonnes fully loaded.

• The compaction equipment shall be non-vibratory.

• No work shall be undertaken on the track whilst propping is on place.




• Work on the platform shall cease during passage of any machinery on the track adjacent to

the platform.

• The machinery passing over the track shall be directly supervised and the propping

checked for any damage prior to work on the platform resuming.

• The platform coping shall be monitored by a surveyor for lateral movement during

construction. The defect category limit for wall movement shall be in accordance with

TMC 301 Structures Examination. Any movement in the platform wall shall be assessed by

the design engineer for effects on platform strength and stability. Any movement shall not

result in non-compliance to clearances specified in ESC 215.

• The track shall be inspected and certified by a qualified track examiner after completion of

the work. Any track movement or disturbance shall be reported to the RIM.

• On completion of the works and after propping has been removed and all track repair has

been carried out, the RIM shall inspect the site to ensure that no disturbance has occurred.

19. Drawings Engineering drawings shall comply with T MU MD 00006 ST Engineering Drawings and CAD

Requirements. The construction drawings shall detail, record or reference the following

information:

• design loadings

• standards (including design life, materials)

• specifications

• horizontal and vertical clearances

• platform coping set out and design level

• surface cross-fall

• platform and track drainage systems

• overhead wiring structure (OHWS) locations

• services and pit locations and depths below surface

• temporary works, including hoarding layout

• construction staging

• all information that is relevant to ensure that the new structure can be constructed and

maintained in accordance with the design




19.1. As-built drawings As-built drawings for all works undertaken on platforms shall be prepared by the designer and

submitted to the RIM at the completion of construction.

20. Construction Station platforms shall be constructed in accordance with SPC 301 Structures Construction.

The design of station platforms, including the refurbishment of existing structures, shall take into

account construction constraints, particularly under live rail operating conditions and track

possession constraints.

Earthworks and excavation near structures shall comply with the requirements set out in

T HR CI 12110 ST Earthworks and Formation. The stability of excavations shall be maintained

at all times.

Approval shall be obtained from the RIM for any excavation within the zone of influence of an

existing footing.

21. Maintenance The design of station platforms, including the refurbishment of existing structures, shall provide

ease of access to components for inspection and maintenance activities.

The designer shall carefully select components, materials and finishes that minimise

maintenance during the life of the structure. Stainless steel fasteners shall be specified where

access for inspection and replacement purposes is difficult.

Maintenance requirements shall be specified, in the form of a TMP, in the design documentation

of the structure. The requirements shall include examination tasks and frequencies, damage

limits and repair standards. In most cases MN A 00100 Civil and Track Technical Maintenance

(extracted from formerly ESC 100) and ESC 302 Structures Defect Limits apply. However, it

may be necessary to document site-specific maintenance requirements.

The requirements and high-level processes for the development of TMPs are detailed in T MU

AM 01003 ST Development of Technical Maintenance Plans.

22. Decommissioning or disposal Decommissioning is the final process of withdrawing an asset from active service on the

network.

Disposal is the process of physically removing an asset from the network; for example,

demolition of a station platform followed by removal and recycling.




The decommissioning or disposal of an asset is the final stage of the asset life cycle. Proper

planning of this part of the life cycle is an integral part of the strategic life cycle process.

The process for the disposal of a station platform, usually undertaken in conjunction with a

replacement, shall include the following:

• justification (safety, financial, and so on) for disposal of the asset

• confirmation of stakeholder engagement regarding the proposed action; such engagement

shall include all relevant authorities, but not be limited to heritage; local, state and federal

government; the RIM and environmental body consultation

• agreement from all stakeholders to the decommissioning or disposal of the existing

underbridge

After decommissioning and disposal, the asset database shall be updated by the RIM to reflect

network changes.

At least fifty per cent of construction and demolition waste by weight of the decommissioned

asset should be diverted from landfill.


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