T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

Measuring Length

Ruler: http://www.k12math.com/math-concepts/measurement/ruler-cm.jpg

Length- is measured with a ruler or a meter stick.

•Common units for length are meters, centimeters, millimeters.

How many millimeters are in 1 centimeter?

1 cm = 10 mm

Measuring Volume

Volume is the amount of space an object takes up.

There are 3 different ways to measure volume:

A. Volume of a liquid

B. Volume of a regular solid

C. Volume of an irregular solid

A B C

A. Measuring Volume of a Liquid

Top Image: http://www.tea.state.tx.us/student.assessment/resources/online/2006/grade8/science/images/20graphicaa.gifBottom Image: http://morrisonlabs.com/meniscus.htm

We will be using a graduated cylinder to measure the volume of liquid.

• First, place the graduated cylinder on a level surface. The surface of the liquid will form a curve called the meniscus.

The volume is read from the bottom of the meniscus.

• When using a graduated cylinder, make sure you are at eye-level with the level of the water.

• The units used when measuring with a graduated cylinder are called milliliters.

B. Measuring Volume of a Regular Solid

10 cm

9 cm

8 cm

We can measure the volume of regular object using the formula length x width x height.

•The units when measuring a regular solid are cm3.

_____ X _____ X _____ = _____8 cm10 cm 9 cm 720 cm3

C. Measuring Volume of an Irregular Solid

We can measure the volume of irregular object using water displacement.

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Amount of H2O with object = ______

About of H2O without object = ______

Difference = Volume = ______

• When an object is submerged in water, the water level will rise. The amount the water level rises is equal to the volume of the object.

• This is called displacement.

• The units when measuring an irregular solid are millimeters.

• Why is this method accurate?

69 ml

65 ml

4 ml

1 ml = 1 cm3

Temperature

Temperature is measured with a thermometer.

•Do not shake the thermometer down before using.

•Measure temperature by leaving the bulb of the thermometer below the surface of a liquid.

•Do not let thermometer touch bottom or sides of container. (See diagram in notes)

•Read the thermometer at eye level. Watch column in the thermometer unit it stops moving.

•Units for temperature are degrees Celsius (0C)

English vs. Metric Units

Which is larger?

A. 1 liter or 1 gallon

B. 1 liter or 1 quart

C. 1 milliliter or 1 fluid ounce

1 gallon = 3.79 liters

It would take approximately 3 ¾ 1-liter bottles to equal a gallon.

1 fl oz = 29.573 ml

1 12-oz can of soda would equal

approximately 355 ml.

1 quart = 0.946 liters

Measuring Liquid Volume

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Pay attention to the scales for each cylinder.

Metric Units

Volume is the amount of space an object takes up.

The base unit of volume in the metric system in the liter and is represented by L or l.

Standard: 1 liter is equal to one cubic decimeter Metric Units

1 liter (L) = 1000 milliliters (mL)

1 milliliter (mL) = 1 cm3 (or cc) = 1 gram*

Which is larger?

A. 1 liter or 1500 milliliters

B. 200 milliliters or 1.2 liters

C. 12 cm3 or 1.2 milliliters*

Click the image to watch a short video

about volume.

* When referring to waterLiter Image: http://www.dmturner.org/Teacher/Pictures/liter.gif