t5&6_incident prevention & hazard

7/30/2019 t5&6_incident Prevention & Hazard

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TOPIC 05

ACCIDENT PREVENTION


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Well thats an accident

waiting to happen

Someone ought to do

something

That someone is YOU!


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Accident : An unplanned event

that results in personal injury or

property damage.

Incident : An unplanned event

that does not result in personalinjury but may result in property

damage or is worthy of recording.

Definition


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UNSAFE ACT. VS

UNSAFE CONDITIONS


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Unsafe Act vs. Unsafe ConditionsUnsafe actions and not unsafeconditions are the root of the vast

majority of occupational injuries and

accidents.

Unsafe conditions exist all around us

while unsafe acts can make unsafeconditions even more dangerous.


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Unsafe Act - Performance of a task or other activity that

is conducted in a manner that may threaten the health

and/or safety of workers.

Examples are :Use of tools for other than their intended purpose.

Working in hazardous locations without adequate

protection or warning.

Improper repair of equipment.Horseplay.

Wearing unsafe clothing.

Taking an unsafe position.

Unsafe Act vs. Unsafe Conditions


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Unsafe conditions are hazardousconditions or circumstances that

could lead directly to an accident.

An unsafe act occurs when a worker

ignores or is not aware of a standard

operating procedure or safe workpractice designed to protect the

worker and prevent accidents.

Definition


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Unsafe Condition - A condition in the work place that is

likely to cause property damage or injury.Examples are:

Defective tools, equipment, or supplies.Inadequate supports or guards.

Congestion in the workplace.

Inadequate warning systems.

Fire and explosion hazards.Poor housekeeping.Hazardous atmospheric condition.

Excessive noise.

Poor ventilation.

Unsafe Act vs. Unsafe Conditions


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Unsafe Act vs. Unsafe ConditionsExample :Snow creates an unsafe condition to drive,but that hazard is magnified by driving in the

snow without slowing down or by notmaintaining safe distance.The act of driving too fast and not leavingsafe stopping distances makes an unsafecondition even worse.

Unsafe act are linked to our behaviour


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Unsafe Act

Unsafe acts usually occur due to: Lack of knowledge, skill,

coordination, or planning Improper attitude Physical or mental defects

Temporary lack of safetyawareness at time of accident


11/29HAZARDS

TOPIC 06


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HazardA source or a situation with a potential for

harmto humans, property and damage of

environment or a combination of these.Danger

Relative exposure to hazard.

RiskA combination oflikelihood of occurrence

and severity of injury or damage


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Anything that has the potential to cause

harm, ill health and injury, damage to

property, products or the environment,production losses or increase liabilities.

At workplace categorized:Physical, Chemical, Biological &

Physcosocial

Hazard


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Chemical Hydrocarbon under pressure Smoke

Toxic material

Volatile fluids in tanks

Physical

Moving road tankers / vehicles

Elevated objects Noise

People working at heights

High voltage

Types of Hazard


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Biological Toxicological lab

(catering facility at distant work station)

Physcosocial Working outside the country without

family members

Types of Hazard


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Hazard Top Event

(Incident)

Top Event is defined as:

The incident which occurs as a resultof the hazard being released


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Example : Loss of containment

Electrical shock Fall from heights

Exposure to toxic material

Exposure to radioactive material Effluent discharge into waterways

Emissions of toxic gases


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Risk assessment is the process where you:

Identify hazards.

Analyze or evaluate the risk associated

with that hazard.

Determine appropriate ways to eliminate

or control the hazard.

Risk Assessment


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In practical terms, a risk assessment is a thorough

look at your workplace to identify those things,situations, processes, etc that may cause harm,

particularly to people. After identification is made,you evaluate how likely and severe the risk is, andthen decide what measures should be in place to

effectively prevent or control the harm from

happening.For definitions and more information about what

hazards and risks are, please see the OSH Answers

document Hazard and Risk.

Risk Assessment


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Risk assessment help to:Create awareness of hazards and risks.Identify who may be at risk (employees,cleaners, visitors, contractors, the public, etc).Determine if existing control measures areadequate or if more should be done.

Prevent injuries or illnesses when done at thedesign or planning stage.Prioritize hazards and control measures.

Important of risk Assessment


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To remove a hazard or reduce the

level of its risk by adding precautions

or control measures, as necessary.By doing so, you have created a safer

and healthier workplace

Goal of risk Assessment


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Done by a competent team of individuals who have a good workingknowledge of the workplace.

In general, to do an assessment, you should :

Identify hazards. Evaluate the likelihood of an injury or illness occurring, and its severity.

Consider normal operational situations as well as non-standard eventssuch as shutdowns, power outages, emergencies, etc.

Review all available heath and safety information about the hazard suchas MSDSs, manufacturers literature, information from reputableorganizations, results of testing, etc.

Identify actions necessary to eliminate or control the risk. Monitor and evaluate to confirm the risk is controlled. Keep any documentation or records that may be necessary.

Documentation may include detailing the process used to assess the risk,

outlining any evaluations, or detailing how conclusions were made.


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When doing an assessment, you must take into account:

the methods and procedures used in the processing, use,handling or storage of the substance, etc.

the actual and the potential exposure of workers

the measures and procedures necessary to control suchexposure by means of engineering controls, work practices,and hygiene practices and facilities

By determining the level of risk associated with the hazard,the employer and the joint health and safety committee candecide whether a control program is required.It is important to remember that the assessment must takeinto account not only the current state of the workplace but

any potential situations as well.


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When deciding on control measures thefollowing principles should be applied:

can the risk be avoided or eliminated? can the risks be contained at source? can the work be adapted to suit the

individual? e.g. layout of workplace, choiceof equipment and methods of working can engineering or technical controls be

used?

Controlling Risk


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Information, instruction and training, andproviding personal protective equipment shouldalways be considered as a last resort after the

above controls have been considered.

Employers should, wherever possible, givepriority to those controls that best protect

everyone exposed to the risk.Remember that additional controls may berequired to protect vulnerable groups, such as

young people or pregnant workers.

Controlling Risk


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Controlling Risk


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Example :EL - stop work, cover hazard

SL - use other route, other material..

IS - put up temporary barrier,EC - construct permanent wall,..

AC - put up notice, job rotation,PPE - gloves, respirator,

Controlling Risk


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