t7: sustainable watershed management: an essential component of integrated water management
DESCRIPTION
SUSTAINABLE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT: AN ESSENTIAL COMPONENT OF INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT, BY: A.ELMAJOUDI, Water, Soil Conservation and Forests Protection Division (HCEFLCD- MOROCCO), Land and Water Days in Near East & North Africa, 15-18 December 2013, Amman, JordanTRANSCRIPT
SUSTAINABLE WATERSHED
MANAGEMENT: AN ESSENTIAL
COMPONENT OF INTEGRATED WATER
MANAGEMENT
BY: A.ELMAJOUDIWater, Soil Conservation and Forests Protection Division (HCEFLCD- MOROCCO)
SUSTAINABLE WATERSHED
MANAGEMENT: AN ESSENTIAL
COMPONENT OF INTEGRATED WATER
MANAGEMENT
BY: A.ELMAJOUDIWater, Soil Conservation and Forests Protection Division (HCEFLCD- MOROCCO)
Near East and North Africa Land & Water Days15-18 December 2013, Amman, Jordan
Near East and North Africa Land & Water Days15-18 December 2013, Amman, Jordan
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
2. National Watershed Management Plan2. National Watershed Management Plan
3. Conclsions 3. Conclsions
1. Water Ressources in Morocco: 1. Water Ressources in Morocco: Limited Potentiel Main constraints Major challenges facing
Main achievements Principal learning
11 Water Ressources in Morocco
Decrease in rainfall by 40% by the year 2080
Potential under a great demand :
Alarming drop in the majority of the ground water
11 Water Ressources in Morocco
Climat change:(extreme events)
Frequent droughts: 20 periods during the past 35 years,
Long durations up to 5 year Rainfall deficits sometimes
exceeding 60%
Frequent floods :Serious floods in urban and rural areas with human and material damages
Importance of dams for water regulation, storage, and floods mitigation Importance of dams for water regulation, storage, and floods mitigation
Reduction of Souss groundwater level 60 m in 24 yearsReduction of Souss groundwater level 60 m in 24 years
-10
-30
-50
-70
1985 1997 2000 20031988 1991 19941982 2006
m
Soil ErosionMultiple causes:
Natural factors: weakness of vegetable cover, Climatic aggressiveness, steeply sloping relief;
Human factors : Overgrazing, deforestation, improper agricultural practices.
Heavy consequences:
11 Million ha threatened by water erosion; Soil loss (500 t/Km2/year in the Atlas and
more than 5,000t/Km2/year in Rif); Diminution of the soil productivity; Loss of dams water storage capacity by more than 75 Million m3/year;Loss of 10% in capacity of dam reservoirs, Water quality deterioration.
5 50155
475
895
1400
0
500
1000
1500
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Perte en retenues de barrages (millions m3)
11 Water Ressources in Morocco
Some types of Soil Erosion
Runoff and soil loss
Serious consequences on water resources and soil both in upstream and in downstream
Overgrazing and overexploitation of forestsOvergrazing and overexploitation of forests
Major challenges facing
NATIONAL WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN
The Watershed Management at the dams The Watershed Management at the dams upstream : main component of integrated water upstream : main component of integrated water
management management
1. Mohamed V 12. Lalla Takerkoust2. El Wahda 13. Med B. Abdellah3. Hassan 1er 14.Youssef B.Tach4. My Youssef 15. Aoulouz5. O. Makhazin 16.Al Massira6. Idriss 1er 17. Hassan Eddakhil 7. Allal El Fassi 18. Ibn Batouta8. El Kansera 19. Nakhla9. Bin El Ouidane 20. Abdelmoumen10. Mansour Eddahbi 21. El Hachef 11. Med A. Khattabi 22. Mellah
1. Mohamed V 12. Lalla Takerkoust2. El Wahda 13. Med B. Abdellah3. Hassan 1er 14.Youssef B.Tach4. My Youssef 15. Aoulouz5. O. Makhazin 16.Al Massira6. Idriss 1er 17. Hassan Eddakhil 7. Allal El Fassi 18. Ibn Batouta8. El Kansera 19. Nakhla9. Bin El Ouidane 20. Abdelmoumen10. Mansour Eddahbi 21. El Hachef 11. Med A. Khattabi 22. Mellah
Intervention Priorities per watershed area:- 22 Watershed; - 1,5 million ha over 20 years; - 75 000 ha/ ha/year,
NATIONAL WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN
Ongoing Watershed projects in 18Ongoing Watershed projects in 18
Management Plans elaborated for 18 watershed (6.640.000 ha)
Management Plans elaborated for 18 watershed (6.640.000 ha)
Actions of protective plantations, pastoral and forest areas development , treatment of erosion
concentrated areas and supporting infrastructure
Actions of protective plantations, pastoral and forest areas development , treatment of erosion
concentrated areas and supporting infrastructure
NATIONAL WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN
Biological Treatment
Mechanical treatment
THE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT NEW APPROACH
Ongoing interregional programme for poverty alleviation and combating desertification through collaborative watershed
management: Ecuador, Morocco and Mauritania
Evaluation to promote exchange and dissemination of experiences in the implementation of watershed management projects executed from 1990 to 2000 to develop a new generation programs and development projects.
Strategies and policies at horizontal and sectoral levelscontributing to watershed management
F orests National Forest Plan Decennial programDevelopment plan for protected areas Master reforestation planMaster plan of action against forest fires Plan forestier national
Water integrated water resources management director Plan National Water Plan
AgricultureGreen Morocco Plan, Pillar 2: fair agriculture
Pasture: pasture Strategy Development
Sectoral level Sectoral level National Action Plan for the
Environment National Action Programme to
combat against desertification Integrated Rural Development
Strategy 2020
Horizontal and integratorHorizontal and integrator
Laws: Water Law… Fund for Agricultural
Development; Fund for Rural Development; National Forest Fund; Technical and financial
cooperation,
Implementation Instruments
Implementation Instruments
Mitigation of erosion and floods events (Ourika, Sefrou, El Hajeb ...)
Organization of the populations and emergence of a local development dynamics
Involvement of development stakeholders (institutions, NGOs, CL) in a conventional setting and exchange of knowledge and experience;
Capacity building of actors / appropriation of the participatory approach.
Mitigation of erosion and floods events (Ourika, Sefrou, El Hajeb ...)
Organization of the populations and emergence of a local development dynamics
Involvement of development stakeholders (institutions, NGOs, CL) in a conventional setting and exchange of knowledge and experience;
Capacity building of actors / appropriation of the participatory approach.
SUSTAINABLE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT
Promoting sustainable watershed management requires:
An inclusive approach involving all stakeholders and oriented towards the long term without forgetting local population short term needs;
Strengthening and synchronization of sectoral action to better integrate local and regional programs
The adaptation funding mechanisms with the requirements of the participative approach Implementation of a regional project with the support of FAO to the operationalize the new Watershed magt approach; and ongoing negotiations with KFW for implementation of an integrated water management in a pilot watershed, involving a continuous process of dialogue between stakeholders.
Implementation of a regional project with the support of FAO to the operationalize the new Watershed magt approach; and ongoing negotiations with KFW for implementation of an integrated water management in a pilot watershed, involving a continuous process of dialogue between stakeholders.
SUSTAINABLE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT
تهيئة األحواض المائية بمفهومها العام كمدخل مجالي لكل المشاريع التنموية
SUSTAINABLE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT