t9: case study 1: assessment of approaches for improving soil fertility - conservation agriculture...
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Case study 1: Assessment of approaches for improving soil fertility - conservation agriculture in Sinnar State, Sudan, ICARDA, Land and Water Days in Near East & North Africa, 15-18 December 2013, Amman, JordanTRANSCRIPT
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ICA
RD
A 2
013
T9: Building resilience in agricultural systems: soil conservation and fertility management
December 17th, 2013
Case study 1: Assessment of approaches for improving soil fertility - conservation agriculture in Sinnar State, Sudan.
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Supporting the Small-Scale Traditional Rainfed Producers in Sinnar State (SUSTAIN)
Project Rationale:
• Responding to ↑ levels of land degradation
• Introduction of environmentally friendly and productivity enhancing technical packages
Location:• 3 of 7 localities in Sinnar State
• Dinder, Abu Hajar, & Dali/Mazmoum
Project Beneficiaries:• 100 villages over 3 localities
Target:• Smallholders (9 fed & ≤5 SR)• Settled pastoralists• Destitute women
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Thirty years ago..
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2012…
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Constraints
•low and erratic rainfall
• severe drought (1-3 years, 15-21 days in-season)
•lack of soil and water conservation practices
•minimum inputs - ↓ soil fertility
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Wide level disc (WLD)• 1° tillage, designed for 2°
tillage (pulverization)
• shallow (3 – 5 cm), thus ↓ water conservation.
• 1st - dry disking (after 100 – 150 mm) - seal cracks; incorporate trash, weeds.
• 2nd - green disking – seeding, 1 – 2 weeks later - dependent on rainfall.
Recurrent use has caused:
• clay pan and compacted soil surface - ↓ water infiltration
• late planting - missing more than 30 – 40 % of annual rainfall
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Poor water infiltration – leading to runoff/erosion
Compaction
Crusting
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Promotion of minimum tillage – prior to 1st rain - water harvesting
Under minimum tillage: – 133% increase in sorghum grain yield – 355mm rainfall average
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Assumed that creating furrows would collapse cracks and improve water retention into the surface layer.
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Following chisel ploughing Following first rainfall
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Crusting and Poor water Infiltration
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Thank you