Chapter 1 - Sustainable Forest Management

EconomicEnvironmentalSocial-cultural

Chapter 2 - Forestry in OntarioWhere is it?What’s the process?How do we do it?

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• L

Part I – Economic

• Largest exporter (3% GDP/78.3 billion)• Secondary manufacturing

Part I – Economic

• Largest exporter (3% GDP/78.3 billion)• Secondary manufacturing• The U.S. buys 75% of our forest

products

Part I – Economic

• Largest exporter (3% GDP/78.3 billion)• Secondary manufacturing• The U.S. buys 75% of our forest

products• Non-Timber Forest Products ($725

million)

• 4

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• 402.1 million ha (Incredibly Diverse)

Part 2 – Environment

• 402.1 million ha (<1% harvested)• 10% of the world’s forest cover (3rd)

Part 2 – Environment

• 402.1 million ha (<1% harvested)• 10% of the world’s forest cover (3rd)• 48% protected (8% strictly)

Part 2 – Environment

• 402.1 million ha (<1% harvested)• 10% of the world’s forest cover (3rd)• 48% protected (8% strictly)• Forests must be regenerated (50-50)

Part 2 – Environment

• 402.1 million ha (<1% harvested)• 10% of the world’s forest cover (3rd)• 48% protected (8% strictly)• Forests must be regenerated (50-50)• Largest certified forest (138 million ha)

Part 2 – Environment

Part 2 – Environment

• 402.1 million ha (<1% harvested)• 10% of the world’s forest cover (3rd)• 48% protected (8% strictly)• Forests must be regenerated (50-50)• Largest certified forest (138 million ha)• Bioenergy for energy

Part 2 – Environment

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Part 3 – Social-cultural

• 93% is publicly owned (Fed. & Prov.)• 7% private landowners

Part 3 – Social-cultural

• 93% is publicly owned (Fed. & Prov.)• 7% private landowners • 746 700 people work in forestry (1.7%)

• 170 000 in Ontario

Part 3 – Social-cultural

• 93% is publicly owned (Fed. & Prov.)• 7% private landowners (450 000)• 746 700 people work in forestry (1.7%)• 300 communities 50% of $ base

Part 3 – Social-cultural

• 93% is publicly owned (Fed. & Prov.)• 7% private landowners (450 000)• 746 700 people work in forestry (1.7%)• 300 communities 50% of $ base• 1st Nations live in forested areas (80%)

Chapter 1 - Summary

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Chapter 1 - QuizStudy Question – Part 1

False

NTFP are “products of biological origin other than wood derived from forests.”

Chapter 1 - QuizStudy Question – Part 2

What two countries boost more forest cover than Canada?

a) China & Russia

b) Russia & Brazil

c) Brazil & Russia

d) Russia & the U.S.

Chapter 1 - QuizStudy Question – Part 2

Answer...

b) Russia & Brazil

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•H

Black Spruce, White Spruce & Willow Trees

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• B

Jack Pine, Balsam Fir, Tamarack, E. White Cedar, Poplars and White Birch

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•G

Eastern White Pine, Red Pine, Eastern Hemlock, Yellow Birch, Maples

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•D

Black Walnut, Butternut, Tulip, Magnolia, Black Gum, Hickories

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Part 2 – What’s the process?

• 87 % is Crown Land• Manage according to…

• Crown Forest Sustainability Act• Environmental Assessment Act

Part 2 – What’s the process?

• 87 % is Crown Land• Manage according to…

• Crown Forest Sustainability Act• Environmental Assessment Act

• Shared responsibility (MNR & Forest Industry)

Part 2 – What’s the process?

• 87 % is Crown Land• Manage according to…

• Crown Forest Sustainability Act• Environmental Assessment Act

• Shared responsibility (MNR & Forest Industry)

•Stewards (land & water)

•Compliance & policy

•Inventory & monitor FRI

•Grant SFL’s

•Final approval

Part 2 – What’s the process?

• 87 % is Crown Land• Manage according to…

• Crown Forest Sustainability Act• Environmental Assessment Act

• Shared responsibility (MNR & Forest Industry)

•Stewards (land & water)

•Compliance & policy

•Inventory & monitor FRI

•Grant SFL’s

•Final approval

•Planning, harvest, renewal

•Monitoring & reporting

•Forest Management Plan

•Pay stumpage

Part 2 – What’s the process?

• 87 % is Crown Land• Manage according to…

• Crown Forest Sustainability Act• Environmental Assessment Act

• Shared responsibility (MNR & Forest Industry)• Management Units

• Sustainable Forest License (SFL)

Part 2 – What’s the process?

Part 2 – What’s the process?

• 87 % is Crown Land• Manage according to…

• Crown Forest Sustainability Act• Environmental Assessment Act

• Shared responsibility (MNR & Forest Industry)• Management Units

• Sustainable Forest Licence (SFL)

• Forest Management Plan (10yrs)

Part 2 – What’s the process?

• 87 % is Crown Land• Manage according to…

• Crown Forest Sustainability Act• Environmental Assessment Act

• Shared responsibility (MNR & Forest Industry)• Management Units

• Sustainable Forest Licence (SFL)

• Forest Management Plan (10yrs)• Public Consultation

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Part 3 – How do we do it?

Silvicultural

Systems

The three silvicultural systems existing in Ontario

are...

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1.

Part 3 – How do we do it?

1. Clear-cut

- Mimic large scale disturbance

Part 3 – How do we do it?

1. Clear-cut

- Even-aged, pure stands

Part 3 – How do we do it?

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2.

Part 3 – How do we do it?

2. Shelterwood

- Mimics low intensity fire

Part 3 – How do we do it?

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3.

- Shade-tolerant hardwoods

Part 3 – How do we do it?

3. Selection

- Mimics wind throw/blow down

Part 3 – How do we do it?

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Study Question – Part 1

Which of the following is a list of deciduous trees (hardwood)?

a) Basswood, Red Oak, White Pine

b) Tamarack, Black Spruce, Jack Pine

c) Red Oak, Beech, Sugar Maple

d) All of the above

Chapter 2 - QuizStudy Question – Part 1

Answer...

c) Red Oak, Beech, Sugar Maple

Chapter 2 - QuizStudy Question – Part 2

Forest Management Plans are subject to independent audits every 2-3 years?

True or False

Chapter 2 - QuizStudy Question – Part 2

False

FMP’s are subject to independent audits ever 5 years.

Chapter 2 - Quiz

Study Question – Part 3

Describe three benefits of clearcutting.

Chapter 2 - QuizStudy Question – Part 3

Answer...

Most cost effective (Intensive)

Speeds up succession (Disturbance)

Creates Habitat

Safety

Reduces outbreak, disease & fire

Carbon sequestration