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Computer Networks

Table of Content

UNIT I Page No

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Objective 3

1.2 Content 3

1.2.1 Network Structure 3

1.2.2 Network Topology 5

1.2.3 Network Architecture 9

1.2.4 OSI Reference Model 10

1.2.5 Data Transmission in the OSI Model 13

1.2.6 Design issues for the layers 13

1.2.7 Communication between Layers 14

1.2.8 Standards Organization 18

1.2.9 Example Networks 19

1.3 Revision Points 231.4 In-text Questions 23

1.5 Summary 24

1.6 Terminal Exercises 25

1.7 Supplementary Materials 25

1.8 Assignment 25

1.9 Suggested Readings 25

1.10 Learning Activities 26

1.11 Keywords 26

UNIT II

2.0 Introduction 27

2.1 Objective 27

2.2 Content 27

2.2.1 A Simplex Stop-and-Wait Protocol 27

2.2.2 Sliding Window Protocols 29

2.2.3 Protocol Performance 39

2.2.4 Protocol Specifications and Verification 42

2.2.5 Polling / Selection Protocol 48

2.2.6 Binary Synchronous Control (BSC) 48

2.2.7 High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) 512.2.8 Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC) 57

2.3 Revision Points 58

2.4 In-text Questions 58

2.5 Summary 582.6 Terminal Exercises 59

2.7 Supplementary Materials 60

2.8 Assignment 60

2.9 Suggested Readings 60

2.10 Learning Activities 60

2.11 Keywords 60

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UNIT III

3.0 Introduction 61

3.1 Objective 61

3.2 Content 61

3.2.1 What is LAN? 613.2.2 Characteristics of LAN 61

3.2.3 Components of LAN 643.2.4 IEEE Standard 802 for LAN 67

3.2.5 LAN Topologies 76

3.2.6 Transmission Media 85

3.2.7 Routing 87

3.2.8 Routing Algorithms 88

3.2.9 Congestion 98

3.2.10 Congestion Control Algorithms 99

3.2.11 Transport Protocols 102

3.3 Revision Points 106

3.4 In-text Questions 107

3.5 Summary 107

3.6 Terminal Exercises 1083.7 Supplementary Materials 108

3.8 Assignment 109

3.9 Suggested Readings 109

3.10 Learning Activities 1093.11 Keywords 109

UNIT IV

4.0 Introduction 110

4.1 Objective 110

4.2 Content 110

4.2.1 Network Security 1104.2.2 Types of Threats 110

4.2.3 A Model for Network Security 113

4.2.4 Network Security for LAN 114

4.2.5 Cryptography 115

4.2.6 Classification of Cryptography 116

4.2.7 Encryption 117

4.2.8 Data Encryption Standard 1234.2.9 ISO Security Recommendations 127

4.3 Revision Points 128

4.4 In-text Questions 128

4.5 Summary 129

4.6 Terminal Exercises 1294.7 Supplementary Materials 130

4.8 Assignment 130

4.9 Suggested Readings 130

4.10 Learning Activities 130

4.11 Keywords 130

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UNIT V

5.0 Introduction 131

5.1 Objective 1315.2 Content 131

5.2.1 Electronic Mail 131

5.2.2 Protocols for File Management 137

5.2.3 Network Management Functions 1445.2.4 Simple Network Management Protocol 146

5.3 Revision Points 151

5.4 In-text Questions 151

5.5 Summary 152

5.6 Terminal Exercises 1525.7 Supplementary Materials 152

5.8 Assignment 153

5.9 Suggested Readings 153

5.10 Learning Activities 153

5.11 Keywords 153