table of contents - judiciary of virginia

JUVENILE & DOMESTIC RELATIONS DISTRICT COURT MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Page i

Office of the Executive Secretary Department of Judicial Services Rev. 4/21

TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 – Judicial Administration .................................................................. 1-1

Virginia’s Judicial System ....................................................................................................... 1-1

Supreme Court of Virginia ..................................................................................................... 1-1

Court of Appeals .................................................................................................................... 1-1

Office of The Executive Secretary .......................................................................................... 1-2

Assistant Executive Secretary and Counsel .................................................................... 1-2 Court Improvement Program ......................................................................................... 1-2 Educational Services ....................................................................................................... 1-2 Fiscal Services ................................................................................................................. 1-3 Human Resources .......................................................................................................... 1-3 Judicial Information Technology..................................................................................... 1-3 Judicial Planning ............................................................................................................. 1-3 Judicial Services .............................................................................................................. 1-3

Legal Research ....................................................................................................................... 1-4

Legislative and Public Relations ............................................................................................. 1-5

Magistrate Services ............................................................................................................... 1-5

Virginia Courts ....................................................................................................................... 1-5

Circuit Courts .................................................................................................................. 1-5 District Courts................................................................................................................. 1-6

District Courts ........................................................................................................................ 1-7

Judicial Districts .............................................................................................................. 1-7 Court Closed – Computation of Time ........................................................................... 1-12 Inclement Weather ...................................................................................................... 1-12 Judicial Emergency ....................................................................................................... 1-13 Office Policies - Local .................................................................................................... 1-14 Separation of Employees Checklist ............................................................................... 1-14 Volunteers .................................................................................................................... 1-14

Pro Hac Vice ........................................................................................................................ 1-15

Public Records ..................................................................................................................... 1-17

Transparency ................................................................................................................ 1-17 Copies ........................................................................................................................... 1-17

Strategic Planning ................................................................................................................ 1-18

Pandemic Influenza Plan .............................................................................................. 1-18

- The Court Process .......................................................................... 2-1

http://www.vacourts.gov/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/chapter01.pdf


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Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 2-1

Venue 2-3

Original Venue ................................................................................................................ 2-3 Transfer of Venue ........................................................................................................... 2-4 Venue of Proceedings Arising out of Chapter 5 of Title 20 (§ 20-61 et seq.) .................. 2-7

Appointment of Counsel and Guardians Ad Litem ................................................................ 2-7

Summary Description ............................................................................................................ 2-9

Case Initiation ................................................................................................................ 2-9 Pre-Trial Processes ....................................................................................................... 2-10 Judicial Disqualification ................................................................................................ 2-11 Cross-Designation......................................................................................................... 2-11 Case Hearing, Judgment ............................................................................................... 2-12 Post-Trial Processes ...................................................................................................... 2-14 Enforcement of Verdicts............................................................................................... 2-14 Case Closing ................................................................................................................. 2-14

Uniform Docketing and Case Preparation ........................................................................... 2-14

Assign Case Numbers ................................................................................................... 2-15 Index Cases ................................................................................................................... 2-15 File Case ....................................................................................................................... 2-15 Prepare Daily Docket Sheets ........................................................................................ 2-15

Chapter 3 – Juvenile Delinquency Procedures .................................................. 3-1Case Procedures .................................................................................................................... 3-1

Filing of a Petition or Issuance of a Warrant .................................................................. 3-1 Processing of a Child Taken into Immediate Custody ..................................................... 3-4 Clerk’s Office Processing of the Petition or Warrant ...................................................... 3-7

Pre-Trial Procedures .............................................................................................................. 3-8

Right to Representation by A Lawyer (Counsel) ............................................................. 3-9 Detention Hearing ........................................................................................................ 3-11 Competency to Stand Trial ........................................................................................... 3-13 Subpoenas, Witness Summoning ................................................................................. 3-16 Juvenile Felony ............................................................................................................. 3-16 Time Limitations ........................................................................................................... 3-38 Motions and Other Subsequent Pleadings ................................................................... 3-38 Miscellaneous Pre-Trial Proceedings ............................................................................ 3-39

Trial Procedures .................................................................................................................. 3-39

Adjudicatory Hearing .................................................................................................... 3-39 Disposition Hearing ...................................................................................................... 3-42



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Appeals ......................................................................................................................... 3-53 Post-Trial Actions When a Juvenile Committed to the Department of Juvenile Justice 3-53

Post-Trial Procedures .......................................................................................................... 3-54

Bond Forfeitures .......................................................................................................... 3-55 Payment of Counsel ..................................................................................................... 3-55 Violations of Court Orders ............................................................................................ 3-56 CCRE/Fingerprinting ..................................................................................................... 3-56 Petition for Payment Agreement For Fines and Costs or Request to Modify Existing

Agreement ............................................................................................................ 3-61 Constitutionality of Statutes ......................................................................................... 3-63 JCMS Update ................................................................................................................ 3-63 Registration on the Sex Offender and Crimes against Minors Registry ........................ 3-63

Miscellaneous Procedures ................................................................................................... 3-64

Animal Violations ......................................................................................................... 3-64 Diversion – Possession of Marijuana or Underage Possession of Alcohol .................... 3-68

Tobacco Violations .............................................................................................................. 3-68

- Juvenile Traffic and Misdemeanor Traffic Procedures .................... 4-1Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 4-1

Narrative Description ............................................................................................................ 4-1

Pre- Trial Procedures ............................................................................................................. 4-2

Case Initiation ................................................................................................................ 4-2 General Provisions .......................................................................................................... 4-4 Accident Offenses Allowed by Statute to Be Prepayable ............................................... 4-5 Dismissal by Compliance with Law Prior to Trial ............................................................ 4-6

Prepayment of Fines and Court Costs ................................................................................... 4-7

In Person or by Telephone ............................................................................................. 4-7 By Mail ......................................................................................................................... 4-10 Withdrawal of Guilty Plea ............................................................................................ 4-11 Case Disposition ........................................................................................................... 4-11

Trial Procedures .................................................................................................................. 4-12

Trial in Juvenile’s Absence ............................................................................................ 4-12 Parking Violations ......................................................................................................... 4-13 Order to Complete Traffic School or Driver Improvement Clinic .................................. 4-13 Suspension of License .................................................................................................. 4-14 Restricted Driver’s License (RDL) Upon a Conviction of Reckless Driving or Aggressive

Driving ................................................................................................................... 4-14 Dismissal by Compliance with Law at Trial ................................................................... 4-15



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Local License Violations ................................................................................................ 4-16 Right to Counsel ........................................................................................................... 4-16 Return of Vehicle - Parking in a Space Reserved For Persons with Disabilities ............. 4-16 Appeals ......................................................................................................................... 4-16

Payment Procedures ........................................................................................................... 4-17

Payment Procedures for Payment within Thirty Days of Sentencing ........................... 4-17 Deferred, Modified Deferred, Installment Payments or Community Service ............... 4-17 Claims of Inability to Pay Fines and Costs ..................................................................... 4-18 Local License Violations - Special Conditions ................................................................ 4-20

Post-Trial Procedures .......................................................................................................... 4-20

Notices to the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) .................................................. 4-20 Unpaid (“Bounced”) Checks or Dishonored Credit/Debit Card Payments .................... 4-21

Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) .......................................................................................... 4-22

Administrative Suspension of Driver’s License ............................................................. 4-22 Clerk’s Office Processing of the Administrative Suspension ......................................... 4-23 Trial Matters ................................................................................................................. 4-25 Sentencing Options ...................................................................................................... 4-26 Refusal to Give Blood or Breath Sample ....................................................................... 4-28 Virginia Alcohol Safety Action Program (VASAP) Participation ..................................... 4-29 Driver’s License Actions ................................................................................................ 4-32

Impoundment ..................................................................................................................... 4-36

Restricted Driver’s License (Administrative, Driving Suspended) ........................................ 4-37

Petition for Restricted Driver’s License Pursuant to § 46.2-334.01 .............................. 4-37 Petition for Restricted Driver’s License Pursuant To § 46.2-301(E) .............................. 4-38

Chapter 5 - Chins/Chinsup, Abuse, Neglect and Foster Care Case Procedures .. 5-1Children in Need of Services, Children in Need of Supervision and Status Offenses ............. 5-1

Definitions ...................................................................................................................... 5-1 Case Initiation ................................................................................................................ 5-2

Abuse, Neglect, Relief of Custody, Entrustment, Foster Care, Termination of Parental Rights and Voluntary Continuing Services .......................................................................... 5-13

Emergency Removal Hearing and Preliminary Removal Hearings ................................ 5-13 Preliminary Protective Proceedings ............................................................................. 5-34 Petition by Custodian for Relief of Custody .................................................................. 5-51 Petition for Approval of Entrustment Agreement ........................................................ 5-65 Foster Care and Permanency Planning ......................................................................... 5-75 Termination of Residual Parental Rights .................................................................... 5-116 Reversal of Voluntary Terminations of Parental Rights .............................................. 5-132



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Restoration of Parental Rights .................................................................................... 5-133 Petition for Approval of Voluntary Continuing Services and Support Agreement

(Fostering Futures Program) ............................................................................... 5-135

Foster Care Youth Committed to DJJ And Returning to the Custody of DSS ...................... 5-135

Post DJJ Commitment – Foster Care Youth Released Prior to Attaining 18 Years of Age . 5-135

Post DJJ Commitment – Foster Care Youth Released After Attaining 18 Years of Age ..... 5-137

- Juvenile Civil Procedures ................................................................ 6-1

Consent for Adoption ............................................................................................................ 6-1

Overview ........................................................................................................................ 6-1 Requirements for Consent to Adoption ......................................................................... 6-1 Clerk’s Procedures .......................................................................................................... 6-3

Custody, Parenting Time and Visitation ................................................................................ 6-7

Case Initiation ................................................................................................................ 6-8 Pretrial.......................................................................................................................... 6-11 Trial 6-12 Motions to Modify ....................................................................................................... 6-14 Military Deployment .................................................................................................... 6-14 Servicemembers Civil Relief Act Requirements for Default Judgment ......................... 6-14 Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA) ............................ 6-16 Mediation/Educational Seminars/Investigations & Reports......................................... 6-18 Appeals ......................................................................................................................... 6-22

Special Immigrant Juvenile Status ....................................................................................... 6-22

Paternity .............................................................................................................................. 6-23

Parentage Determinations ........................................................................................... 6-23 Blood Tests as Evidence Regarding Paternity ............................................................... 6-23 Voluntary Acknowledgment of Paternity ..................................................................... 6-24

Judicial Authorization of Abortion (Judicial Bypass Proceedings) ........................................ 6-24

Case Initiation .............................................................................................................. 6-25 Right to Counsel ........................................................................................................... 6-26 Confidentiality and Notice of Hearing .......................................................................... 6-26 Hearing ......................................................................................................................... 6-27 Appeal .......................................................................................................................... 6-27

Involuntary Mental Commitments ...................................................................................... 6-28

Overview ...................................................................................................................... 6-28 Involuntary Commitment for Juvenile (Not Objecting) ................................................ 6-30



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Involuntary Commitment by Emergency Admission-Magistrate Issued ....................... 6-33 Involuntary Commitment by Emergency Admission-Judge Issued ............................... 6-35 Mandatory Outpatient Treatment for Juveniles – Review Hearings ............................ 6-36

Emancipation of Minors ...................................................................................................... 6-41

Standby Guardians .............................................................................................................. 6-42

Appointment of Standby Guardian Prior to the Triggering Event ................................. 6-42 Court Approval of a Written Designation of a Standby Guardian ................................. 6-44 Revocation, Refusal, Termination of Standby Guardianship ........................................ 6-45 Review of Standby Guardian ........................................................................................ 6-46

Testing for HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) or Hepatitis B or C Viruses .................... 6-46

Custody/Visitation-Remanded from Circuit Court Divorce Order ....................................... 6-46

- Adult Criminal Case Procedures ..................................................... 7-1

Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 7-1

Narrative Description ............................................................................................................ 7-2

Pre-Court Procedures Flow Chart .......................................................................................... 7-5

Post Court Procedures ........................................................................................................... 7-6

Case Initiation ........................................................................................................................ 7-6

Venue ............................................................................................................................. 7-6 Arrest Prior to the Filing of a Complaint ......................................................................... 7-7 Release on Bail ............................................................................................................... 7-8 Commitment to Jail ...................................................................................................... 7-16 Search Warrants ........................................................................................................... 7-16 Request for Victim Confidentiality ............................................................................... 7-19

Case Pre-Trial Procedures.................................................................................................... 7-21

Case Indexing and Filing ............................................................................................... 7-21 Docket Preparation ...................................................................................................... 7-22 Prepayment Processing ................................................................................................ 7-22 Advisement of Right to Counsel/Review of Bail Determination ................................... 7-22 Arraignment ................................................................................................................. 7-25 Crossover Arraignments ............................................................................................... 7-25 Preliminary Hearings .................................................................................................... 7-26 Subpoenas, Witness Summoning ................................................................................. 7-27 Extradition Hearing ...................................................................................................... 7-28 Request for a Reduction or Change of Bail (Bond Hearing) .......................................... 7-29 Mental Condition of Defendant ................................................................................... 7-30 Interpreters for Deaf and Non-English Speaking Persons ............................................. 7-39 Admissibility of Affidavits ............................................................................................. 7-40



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Notice, Motion and Order for Chemical Analysis of Alleged Plant Material ................. 7-41 Custody of Evidence ..................................................................................................... 7-41 Recall of Process ........................................................................................................... 7-42 Photographing and Broadcasting Judicial Proceedings ................................................ 7-42 Transfer of Jurisdiction ................................................................................................. 7-42 Confidentiality of Certain Pretrial Reports ................................................................... 7-43

Case Trial Procedures .......................................................................................................... 7-43

Adjudicatory Hearing .................................................................................................... 7-43 Failure to Appear and Bond Forfeiture ......................................................................... 7-45 Trial Provisions ............................................................................................................. 7-46 Pre-Conviction Probation for “First-Time Offenders” ................................................... 7-47 Accord and Satisfaction ................................................................................................ 7-49 Sentencing .................................................................................................................... 7-49 DNA Analysis ................................................................................................................ 7-51 Restitution .................................................................................................................... 7-52 Assault and Battery – First Offender Status and Motion to Withdraw Consent to Deferral

of Proceedings Pursuant to VA. Code § 18.2-57.3(B) ............................................ 7-55 Costs ............................................................................................................................. 7-55 Cash Bond Used to Pay Fines and Costs ....................................................................... 7-56 Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity .................................................................................. 7-57 Insanity after Conviction (Adjudication) ....................................................................... 7-57 Central Criminal Records Exchange (CCRE) Procedures................................................ 7-59 Constitutionality of Statutes ......................................................................................... 7-62

Case Payment Procedures ................................................................................................... 7-63

Payment within Thirty Days of Sentencing ................................................................... 7-63 Petition for Payment Agreement for Fines and Costs or Request to Modify Existing

Agreement ............................................................................................................ 7-64 Nondisclosure ............................................................................................................... 7-65

Case Post-Trial Procedures .................................................................................................. 7-65

Failure to Comply with Conditional Release ................................................................. 7-66 Notices to Jail ............................................................................................................... 7-66 Appeals ......................................................................................................................... 7-67 Motion to Rehear ......................................................................................................... 7-68 Testing for HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) ....................................................... 7-68 Records Management .................................................................................................. 7-68 Disposition of Property................................................................................................. 7-69

- Protective Orders ........................................................................... 8-1

Family Abuse and Criminal Cases .......................................................................................... 8-1

Emergency Protective Orders ......................................................................................... 8-1



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Emergency Protective Order – Family Abuse Procedures .............................................. 8-2 Family Abuse Protective Orders ..................................................................................... 8-3 Servicemembers Civil Relief Act Requirements for Default Judgment ........................... 8-3 Initial Petition Procedures .............................................................................................. 8-5

Protective Orders (§ 19.2-152.9) ........................................................................................... 8-9

Emergency Protective Orders ......................................................................................... 8-9 Procedure - Emergency Protective Order ..................................................................... 8-10 Preliminary Protective Orders and Protective Orders .................................................. 8-11 Procedure – Preliminary Protective Order and Protective Order ................................. 8-12 Extension of Preliminary Protective Orders ................................................................. 8-17 Extension of Protective Orders ..................................................................................... 8-17 Protective Orders Issued from Criminal Case ............................................................... 8-18 Modifications and Dissolutions of Protective Orders ................................................... 8-19

Confidentiality Considerations ............................................................................................ 8-20

Child Protective Orders ....................................................................................................... 8-20

Foreign Protective Order (Issued by Other States) .............................................................. 8-21

State Provisions ............................................................................................................ 8-21 Federal Provisions ........................................................................................................ 8-22 Extension of Foreign Protective Order ......................................................................... 8-23

Violations of Protective Orders ........................................................................................... 8-23

Violation of Family Abuse Protective Order ................................................................. 8-23 Violations of Protective Order ...................................................................................... 8-24 Venue ........................................................................................................................... 8-25 Emergency Substantial Risk Petition and Order ........................................................... 8-25

- Support .......................................................................................... 9-1Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 9-1

Support Proceedings ............................................................................................................. 9-1

Case Initiation of In-State Support Cases ....................................................................... 9-1 Servicemembers Civil Relief Act Requirements for Default Judgment: .......................... 9-2 Pre-Trial Procedures of In-State Support Cases .............................................................. 9-5 Income Deduction Orders ............................................................................................ 9-12 Post-Trial Procedures ................................................................................................... 9-15 Support Payment Enforcement Process ....................................................................... 9-16

Requests to Establish Paternity in a Support Proceeding .................................................... 9-23

Uniform Interstate Family Support Cases (UIFSA) ............................................................... 9-24

Requests to Act as Initiating Tribunal for an Order to be heard and entered in Another State ...................................................................................................................... 9-25



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Finalizing a Request from Another State’s Initiating Tribunal to Hear and Enter a Support Order in Virginia .................................................................................................... 9-25

Registration of Non-Virginia Support Orders ................................................................ 9-27 Modification of Non-Virginia Support Orders............................................................... 9-30

Criminal Non-Support .......................................................................................................... 9-31

Procedures for Warrant from Magistrate ..................................................................... 9-32 Procedures for Petition Filed in the Clerk’s Office, Without Affidavit .......................... 9-32 Clerk’s Procedures for Petition Filed in the Clerk’s Office with DC-614, Affidavit-

Desertion and Non-Support .................................................................................. 9-34 Forms ........................................................................................................................... 9-35 References ................................................................................................................... 9-35

Appeal Bonds ...................................................................................................................... 9-35

Arrearage Bond-When Mandatory ............................................................................... 9-35 Accrual Bond-Discretionary .......................................................................................... 9-36 Appearance Bond-Discretionary .................................................................................. 9-36 Withdrawal of Appeals ................................................................................................. 9-36 Forms ........................................................................................................................... 9-36

Support-Remanded from Circuit Court Divorce Order ........................................................ 9-37

- Fees and Prepayments ............................................................... 10-1

Civil Fees Schedules and Codes ........................................................................................... 10-1

Civil Case Processing Fees ............................................................................................ 10-1 J&DR Court Processing Fees for Custody and Visitation Cases ..................................... 10-1 Legal Aid Services Fund ................................................................................................ 10-1 Courthouse Maintenance Fee (See local ordinance for amount) ................................. 10-1 Law Library Fee (See local ordinance for amount) ........................................................ 10-1 Civil Appeal ................................................................................................................... 10-1 Copying Charge ............................................................................................................ 10-2 Service of Process ......................................................................................................... 10-2 High Constable ............................................................................................................. 10-3

Criminal and Traffic Fee Schedules and Codes .................................................................... 10-3

Traffic Infraction Costs ................................................................................................. 10-3 Non-drug Misdemeanor Costs ..................................................................................... 10-4 Multiple DUI Fee .......................................................................................................... 10-4 Drug Misdemeanor Costs ............................................................................................. 10-4 Courthouse Maintenance Fee ...................................................................................... 10-4 Blood Test Fees (driving while intoxicated) Withdrawal .............................................. 10-4 Blood Test, HIV (certain offenses) Analysis .................................................................. 10-4 Court-Appointed Attorney/Public Defender Compensation ........................................ 10-5 Failure to appear unless good cause shown ................................................................. 10-5



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Non-consecutive Jail Fee .............................................................................................. 10-5 Bad Check/Credit Card Fee ........................................................................................... 10-5 Witness Fees ................................................................................................................ 10-5 Fee for Deferred and Installment Payment Agreements .............................................. 10-6 Ignition Interlock Systems Penalty ............................................................................... 10-6 Weighing Fee ................................................................................................................ 10-6 Alcohol Safety Action Program (ASAP) ......................................................................... 10-6 Court Security Fee ........................................................................................................ 10-6 Jail Admissions Fee ....................................................................................................... 10-6 Reimbursement of Medical Fees by Defendants .......................................................... 10-6 Local Regional Justice Training Academy Fee ............................................................... 10-7 Internet Crimes Against Children Fund......................................................................... 10-7 Virginia Prevention of Sex Trafficking Fund .................................................................. 10-7

Uniform Fine Schedule ........................................................................................................ 10-7

Prepayable Traffic Offenses ......................................................................................... 10-7 Prepayable Non-Traffic Offenses .................................................................................. 10-7

- Records Retention, Destruction and Expungements ................... 11-1

Authorities ........................................................................................................................... 11-1

§ 16.1-69.53. Definitions; construction of references to period of years ..................... 11-1 § 16.1-69.54. General provisions. ................................................................................. 11-1 § 16.1-69.57. Destruction of court records. ................................................................ 11-2

Retention Provisions ........................................................................................................... 11-2

Administrative Records ................................................................................................ 11-2 Financial Records .......................................................................................................... 11-3 Full JDIS (Juvenile District Imaging System) Courts ....................................................... 11-5 Unexecuted Warrants (Magistrate Issued) ................................................................... 11-5 Unserved Warrants/Capias .......................................................................................... 11-6 § 19.2-392.2 Early Expungement of Police and Court Records - Adults ....................... 11-7 Annual Expungement of Juvenile Cases ..................................................................... 11-17 Annual Purging of Adult Cases ................................................................................... 11-20 Time Constraints ........................................................................................................ 11-22

- Miscellaneous ............................................................................ 12-1

Subpoena Duces Tecum ...................................................................................................... 12-1

Overview ...................................................................................................................... 12-1 Subpoena Duces Tecum- Attorney Issued .................................................................... 12-1 Medical Records ........................................................................................................... 12-2

Service of Process ................................................................................................................ 12-5

In General ..................................................................................................................... 12-5




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Service of Process - By Parties and Special Substitute Service Provisions .................... 12-6 Served Through the Secretary of the Commonwealth ............................................... 12-12 Served Through Clerk of SCC, DMV or Other .............................................................. 12-12 Using an Order of Publication .................................................................................... 12-13 Failure to Serve Process ............................................................................................. 12-16

Motion to Rehear .............................................................................................................. 12-16

Bond Forfeitures beginning July 1, 2019 ........................................................................... 12-17

Secured Bond ............................................................................................................. 12-18 Unsecured Bond ......................................................................................................... 12-23 Defendant (First Party) Cash Bond ............................................................................. 12-25 Third-Party Cash Bond ................................................................................................ 12-26 Appeals ....................................................................................................................... 12-27 Refunding the Bond .................................................................................................... 12-28 Abstract of Judgment Filed by Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court with the

General District Court for Enforcement .............................................................. 12-29 Time Constraints ........................................................................................................ 12-29 References: ................................................................................................................ 12-30 Forms ......................................................................................................................... 12-31

Bond Forfeiture prior to July 1, 2019 ................................................................................. 12-31

Secured Bond ............................................................................................................. 12-32 Unsecured Bond ......................................................................................................... 12-38 Defendant (First Party) Cash Bond ............................................................................. 12-41 Third-Party Cash Bond ................................................................................................ 12-42 Appeal-Bond Forfeiture .............................................................................................. 12-44 Refunding the Bond .................................................................................................... 12-44 Abstract of Judgment Filed by Juvenile & Domestic Relations District Court with the

General District Court for Enforcement .............................................................. 12-45 Time Constraints ........................................................................................................ 12-46 Forms ......................................................................................................................... 12-47 References ................................................................................................................. 12-48

Bankruptcy ........................................................................................................................ 12-49

Types of Bankruptcy ................................................................................................... 12-49 Definitions .................................................................................................................. 12-50 Is Fine and/or Cost Dischargeable? ............................................................................ 12-51

Authorization of Medical Treatment of Juveniles .............................................................. 12-53

Intellectual Disability ......................................................................................................... 12-54

Treatment, Rehabilitation or Other Services ..................................................................... 12-54

Special Work Permits ........................................................................................................ 12-54


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Petition for Parental Participation ..................................................................................... 12-54

Driver’s License Ceremony ................................................................................................ 12-55

Petition for Cancellation of Juvenile's Driver’s License ...................................................... 12-55

Petition for Relief from Legal Determination of Paternity ................................................. 12-56

Sex Offenders and Crimes Against Minors Registry ........................................................... 12-56

Civil Transports .................................................................................................................. 12-57

Decisions under Current Law...................................................................................... 12-58 Exception .................................................................................................................... 12-58 Forms ......................................................................................................................... 12-58 References ................................................................................................................. 12-58

- Confidentiality of Records .......................................................... 13-1

In General ............................................................................................................................ 13-1

Confidentiality of Department of Juvenile Justice Records (Including the Court Services Unit)................................................................................................................................. 13-2

Confidentiality of Law Enforcement Records ...................................................................... 13-3

Dockets Hearings and Records Public Trial Presence in Court ............................................. 13-3

Confidentiality of Juvenile Court Records ............................................................................ 13-4

Confidentiality of Child Support and Spousal Support Court Records ................................. 13-6

Confidentiality of Circuit Court Records .............................................................................. 13-7

Disclosure of Vital Records .................................................................................................. 13-7

Request for Confidentiality: Traffic and Criminal Cases ...................................................... 13-7

Traffic and Criminal Cases ............................................................................................ 13-7 Civil Cases, Including Protective Orders ....................................................................... 13-8

Appendix A - Civil Fees & Forms ...................................................................... A-1

DC-325, Request for Witness Subpoena ............................................................................... A-1

Description .................................................................................................................... A-1 Fees & Other Monies Assessed ..................................................................................... A-1

DC-326, Subpoena for Witnesses ......................................................................................... A-1


DC-336, Subpoena Duces Tecum .......................................................................................... A-2




http://www.vacourts.gov/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/appendix_a.pdf

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DC-350, Notice to Health Care Entities -Subpoena Duces tecum for Health Records ........... A-2


DC-368, Motion to Reopen (Criminal/ Traffic)/Motion to Rehear (Civil)/Motion for New Trial (Civil) ......................................................................................................................... A-3


DC-382, Emergency Protective Order - Stalking/Serious Bodily Injury ................................. A-3


DC-384, Preliminary Protective Order - Stalking/Serious Bodily Injury ................................. A-3

Description .................................................................................................................... A-3 Fees & Other Monies Assessed Fees & Other Monies Assessed ................................... A-4

DC-385, Protective Order - Stalking/Serious Bodily Injury .................................................... A-4


DC-400, Mediation Orientation Order Of Referral ............................................................... A-4


DC-401, Order for Appointment of Guardian Ad litem ......................................................... A-4


DC-406, Petition to Require Blood Test ................................................................................ A-5

Description .................................................................................................................... A-5 Fees & Other Monies Assessed Fees & Other Monies Assessed ................................... A-5

DC-410, Affidavit for Service of Process on the Secretary of the Commonwealth ............... A-5


DC-411, Service Other Than By Virginia Sheriff .................................................................... A-6


DC-413, Certificate of Mailing Posted Service ...................................................................... A-6



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DC-418, Affidavit - Default Judgment - Servicemembers Civil Relief Act .............................. A-6


DC-435, Affidavit and Petition for Order of Publication ....................................................... A-7


DC-436, Order of Publication ................................................................................................ A-7


DC-437, Notice of Change of Address ................................................................................... A-7


DC-458, Notice of Satisfaction .............................................................................................. A-8


DC-459, Motion for Judgment to be Marked Satisfied ......................................................... A-8


DC-460, Civil Appeal Bond .................................................................................................... A-9


DC-475, Notice of Appeal - Civil ............................................................................................ A-9


DC-477, Petition for Judicial Certification of Eligibility for Admission................................... A-9


DC-478, Certification of Eligibility for Admission ................................................................ A-10

Description .................................................................................................................. A-10 Fees & Other Monies Assessed ................................................................................... A-10

DC-481, Show Cause Summons (Civil) ................................................................................ A-10


DC-482, Show Cause Summons (Bond Forfeiture-Civil) ...................................................... A-11


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DC-483, Capias: Attachment of the Body (Civil)................................................................. A-11


DC-485, Petition for Restoration of Driving Privilege – Habitual Offender ......................... A-12


DC-486, Order for Evaluation - Habitual Offender .............................................................. A-13


DC-487, Order Restoring Driving - Privilege Habitual Offender .......................................... A-13


DC-488, Medical Emergency Custody Order ...................................................................... A-13


DC-489, Medical Emergency Temporary Detention Petition .............................................. A-14


DC-490, Medical Emergency Temporary Detention Order ................................................. A-14


DC-491, Medical Emergency Custody Petition ................................................................... A-14


DC-492, Emergency Custody Order .................................................................................... A-15


DC-493, Explanation of Involuntary Commitment Process - Acknowledgement of Rights . A-16


DC-494A, Temporary Detention Order - Judge ................................................................... A-16

Description .................................................................................................................. A-16


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Fees & Other Monies Assessed ................................................................................... A-16

DC-495, Petition and Affidavit for Good Cause/for Injunction of Mandamus – Freedom of Information Act ...................................................................................................... A-17


DC-496, Order Granting Petition for Injunction of Writ of Mandamus ............................... A-17


DC-497, Subpoena for Witness (Civil) – Attorney Issued .................................................... A-18


DC-502(A), Petition for Judicial Authorization of Abortion ................................................. A-18


DC-503, Petition for Court Approval of Standby Guardian ................................................. A-18


DC-508, Acknowledgment of Notice of Next Hearing Date ................................................ A-19


DC-510, Summons .............................................................................................................. A-19


DC-511, Petition ................................................................................................................. A-20


DC-512, Notice of Hearing .................................................................................................. A-20


DC-514, Order for Appointment of Guardian Ad litem ....................................................... A-20


DC-526, Emergency Removal Order ................................................................................... A-21

Description .................................................................................................................. A-21


JUVENILE & DOMESTIC RELATIONS DISTRICT COURT MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xvii


Fees & Other Monies Assessed ................................................................................... A-21

DC-527, Preliminary Child Protective Order ....................................................................... A-21


DC-528, Preliminary Child Removal Order .......................................................................... A-22


DC-529, Detention Order ................................................................................................... A-22


DC-530, Shelter Care Order ................................................................................................ A-22


DC-531, Order for Involuntary Termination of Residual Parental Rights ............................ A-23


DC-532, Child Protective Order .......................................................................................... A-23


DC-533, Assessment/Payment Order ................................................................................. A-23


DC-534, Order for Voluntary Termination of Residual Parental Rights ............................... A-24


DC-535, Notice of Termination of Residual Parental Rights ............................................... A-24


DC-542, Order for Investigation and Report ....................................................................... A-24


DC-550, Petition Requesting Authorization for Medical Treatment of Juvenile ................. A-25



JUVENILE & DOMESTIC RELATIONS DISTRICT COURT MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xviii


DC-556, Petition for Permanency Planning Hearing ........................................................... A-25


DC-560, Petition and Order for Parental Participation ....................................................... A-25


DC-580, Notice of Appeal – Criminal .................................................................................. A-26


DC-581, Notice of Appeals – Juvenile Civil Appeals ............................................................ A-26


DC-582, Request for Virginia Registration of a Child Custody and/or Visitation Determinationfrom Another State ................................................................................................. A-26


DC-601, Notice – Administrative Support Decision Appeal ................................................ A-27


DC-602, Notice of Appeal – Support Proceedings .............................................................. A-27


DC-610, Petition for Support (Civil) .................................................................................... A-27


DC-611, Petition for Protective Order – Family Abuse ....................................................... A-28


DC-612, Desertion/Non-Support Petition (Criminal) .......................................................... A-28


DC-615, Respondent’s Request for Income Deduction Order ............................................ A-28



JUVENILE & DOMESTIC RELATIONS DISTRICT COURT MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xix


DC-617, Motion and Notice of Proposed Income Deduction Order for Support ................ A-28


DC-618, Request for Confidentiality - Civil ......................................................................... A-29


DC-621, Non-Disclosure Addendum ................................................................................... A-29


DC-623, Motion for Genetic Testing ................................................................................... A-30


DC-624, Parentage Test Order ............................................................................................ A-30


DC-625, Motion and Notice and Judgment for Arrearages ................................................. A-30


DC-630, Motion to Amend or Review Order ...................................................................... A-31


DC-635, Motion for Show Cause or Capias ......................................................................... A-31


DC-670, Petition for Suspension of Professional or Other License ..................................... A-32


DC-684, Filing of Foreign Protective Order ......................................................................... A-32


DC-685, Request for Virginia Registration of Foreign Support Order ................................. A-32


CC-1414, Petition For Processing Civil Cases Without Payment of Fees or Cost ................. A-33


JUVENILE & DOMESTIC RELATIONS DISTRICT COURT MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xx



Appendix B – Criminal & Traffic Fines and Fees ............................................... B-1

Fines and Fees (A-C) ..............................................................................................................B-1

Abandoned Vehicle Costs ...............................................................................................B-1 Add-On Fees/Costs .........................................................................................................B-1 ASAP - Alcohol Safety Action Program Fee .....................................................................B-5 Bad Check/Credit/Debit Card Fee ..................................................................................B-5 Blaze Orange/Blaze Pink Clothing ...................................................................................B-5 Blood Test Fee - DUI Cases .............................................................................................B-6 Blood Test Fee - HIV & Hepatitis B or C Testing ..............................................................B-7 Blood Test Fee - HLA (Paternity Cases) ...........................................................................B-8 Bond Forfeiture ..............................................................................................................B-8 Child Safety Restraint Device Penalty .............................................................................B-9 Cigarettes: Tax-Paid Contraband Cigarettes ...................................................................B-9 Computer Analysis Fee .................................................................................................B-10 Confiscated Monies/Property ......................................................................................B-11 Court Appointed Attorney Costs ..................................................................................B-11 Court Processing Fee - Fixed Costs ...............................................................................B-14 Court Reporter Fee .......................................................................................................B-15 Courthouse Construction Fee (CHCF) ...........................................................................B-15 Courthouse Maintenance Fund Fee (CHMF) ................................................................B-16 Courthouse Security Fund (CHSF) .................................................................................B-16 Criminal History Fee .....................................................................................................B-17 Criminal Injury Compensation Fund Fee (CICF) ............................................................B-18 Criminal Justice Training Academy Fund (LOCAL) .........................................................B-18 Criminal Justice Training Academy Fund (Regional) .....................................................B-19

Fines and Fees (D-J) .............................................................................................................B-19

Deferred Disposition Costs ...........................................................................................B-19 DNA Analysis ................................................................................................................B-20 Driver Improvement Clinic Fee/Mature Driver Motor Vehicle Crash Prevention Course B-

21 Drive-Off from Retail Motor Fuel Establishment ..........................................................B-21 Drug Analysis (Forensic Lab) Costs ...............................................................................B-22 Drug Enforcement Jurisdiction Fund (DEJF) Fee ...........................................................B-22 Drug Offender Assessment Fund (DOAF) .....................................................................B-23 Duck Blinds in Disrepair ................................................................................................B-23 Electronic Summons Fee ..............................................................................................B-24 Extradition Costs ..........................................................................................................B-25 Fine - Local ...................................................................................................................B-25 Fine - State ...................................................................................................................B-26

http://www.vacourts.gov/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/appendix_b.pdf


JUVENILE & DOMESTIC RELATIONS DISTRICT COURT MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xxi


Game Replacement Fee ...............................................................................................B-26 Highway Litter Fine .......................................................................................................B-26 HOT Lane Penalties – Failure to Pay Toll ......................................................................B-27 HOV Lane Violations .....................................................................................................B-28 Hunting, Trapping & Fishing without A License Fee .....................................................B-29 Ignition Interlock System Penalty .................................................................................B-29 Internet Crimes against Children Fund .........................................................................B-30 Interest on Unpaid Fine and/or Costs...........................................................................B-31 Interpreter Fee - for Deaf in Civil Proceedings .............................................................B-32 Interpreter Fee - Criminal Cases ...................................................................................B-32 Jail Admission Fee ........................................................................................................B-32

Fines and Fees (l-Z) ..............................................................................................................B-33

Liquidated Damages .....................................................................................................B-33 Medical Costs for Gathering Evidence ..........................................................................B-34 Methamphetamine Lab Clean-Up Costs (Commonwealth) ..........................................B-34 Methamphetamine Lab Clean-Up Costs (Local) ...........................................................B-35 Motorboat and Water Safety Fund ..............................................................................B-35 Prepayable Traffic Infractions ......................................................................................B-36 Photocopying Fees .......................................................................................................B-37 Psychological Evaluation Fee Assessment ....................................................................B-38 Public Defender Costs ..................................................................................................B-38 Refund of Bond Forfeitures ..........................................................................................B-39 Reimbursement of Expenses by Locality Incurred in Responding to Traffic Incidents by

Law Enforcement, Volunteer Fire Department, Rescue Squad, etc. ......................B-40 Restitution ....................................................................................................................B-41 Safety Lap Belts and Shoulder Harness ........................................................................B-42 Smoke with Minor in Vehicle .......................................................................................B-43 Sentencing (Supervision) Fee .......................................................................................B-43 Time to Pay (TTP) Deferred/Installment Agreements ..................................................B-44 Toll Roads Penalties - Failure to Pay Toll ......................................................................B-45 Transportation Trust Fund............................................................................................B-46 Trauma Center Fund ....................................................................................................B-46 Trial in Absence (TIA) Fee .............................................................................................B-47 Virginia Health Care Fund .............................................................................................B-48 Virginia Crime Victim Witness Fund (CVWF) ................................................................B-48 Virginia Prevention of Sex Trafficking Fund ..................................................................B-48 Weighing Costs .............................................................................................................B-49 Weighing Fee ................................................................................................................B-49 Witness Fees ................................................................................................................B-50 Witness Fees - Testimony Certificate of Analysis .........................................................B-51

Appendix C - Appeals ...................................................................................... C-1

http://www.vacourts.gov/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/appendix_b.pdf

http://www.vacourts.gov/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/appendix_c.pdf

JUVENILE & DOMESTIC RELATIONS DISTRICT COURT MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xxii


Traffic and Criminals Appeals ................................................................................................ C-1

Appeal of Bail Prior to Trial .................................................................................................... C-2

Withdrawal of Appeal ........................................................................................................... C-3

Forms ............................................................................................................................. C-4 References ..................................................................................................................... C-4

Civil and Criminal Contempt in Child Support and Bifurcated Appeals .................................. C-4

Appeal Bonds – Civil Support................................................................................................. C-4

Arrearage Bond-When Mandatory ................................................................................. C-4 Accrual Bond .................................................................................................................. C-5 Appearance Bond ........................................................................................................... C-5 Withdrawal of Appeal in Civil Cases ............................................................................... C-5 Clerk’s Procedures - No Bond Required on Appeal......................................................... C-5 Clerk’s Procedures - Bond Required on Appeal by the Respondent in Civil Support

Proceedings ............................................................................................................. C-6 Time Constraints ............................................................................................................ C-8 Forms ............................................................................................................................. C-8 References ..................................................................................................................... C-8

Appeal Bonds – Criminal Support .......................................................................................... C-8

Clerk’s Procedures – No Bond Required on Appeal ........................................................ C-8 Clerk’s Procedures – Bond Required .............................................................................. C-9 Time Constraints .......................................................................................................... C-10 Forms ........................................................................................................................... C-10 References ................................................................................................................... C-10

Delinquency Appeals ........................................................................................................... C-10

Clerk’s Procedures ........................................................................................................ C-10 Forms ........................................................................................................................... C-11 References ................................................................................................................... C-11

Custody/Visitation Relief of Custody Appeals ..................................................................... C-12

Clerk’s Procedures ........................................................................................................ C-12 Forms ........................................................................................................................... C-13 References ................................................................................................................... C-13

Protective Orders ................................................................................................................ C-14

Appeals Matrix .................................................................................................................... C-14

GLOSSARY ........................................................................................................... 1

INDEX ................................................................................................................. 1

http://www.vacourts.gov/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/appendix_c.pdf

http://www.courts.state.va.us/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/glossary.pdf

http://www.courts.state.va.us/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/index.pdf

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