Table of Contents

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cell Processes and Energy

Log: Feb.14th

Read and complete question on page 44 My

planet diary

The Sun as an Energy Source

Nearly all living things obtain energy from the sun directly or indirectly through the process of photosynthesis.

See page 46

Energy Processes

Producers

• Makes their own food• Autotrophs• All Plants

Consumers

• Heterotrophs• All Animals and Fungi

First Stage of PhotosynthesisThe first stage of photosynthesis powers the “energy engine” of the living world.

Photosynthesis; How living organisms get energy from the sun

Stage 1 Photosynthesis

Stage 1

Chlorophyll acts similar to solar cells and captures light energy

H2O is split

Oxygen is given off as waste

Hydrogen is used in stage 2

Stage 2

The second stage of photosynthesis makes food for a plant.CO2 enters the plant H and CO2 react

Produce C6H12O6

PhotosynthesisProducing Food

The second stage of photosynthesis makes food for a plant. How can the information for Stage 1 and Stage 2 be completed?

PhotosynthesisWhat is the process of photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis

Write the chemical formula for photosynthesis.

Cellular Respiration Lesson 2

Cellular Respiration = the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose. (glucose = most common sugar in foods)

During cellular respiration, cells break down glucose and other molecules from food in the presence of oxygen which allows for energy to be released.

Organisms and cells need energy all the time so cellular respiration is continuous.

Cellular respirations is not the same as breathing respiration, but these 2 cycles do work together.

Cellular Respiration Lesson 2Getting Energy

How does the hiker's energy and breathing rate change as she climbs?

Cellular Respiration

Complete the concept map about cellular respiration.

Cellular Respiration

Write the chemical formula for cellular respiration.

Cellular RespirationReleasing Energy

Cellular respiration takes place in two stages. What terms will complete the sentences?

Log: Feb 28th

Summarize the Yeast lab.

What cellular process occurred?

What proved that this process was occurring?

What prevented Oxygen form being present?

Opposite Processes

Producers carry out photosynthesis, but producers and consumers both carry out cellular respiration. Use the word bank to complete the blank boxes.

Cellular Respiration

Connection Between Photosynthesis and Respiration

Photosynthesis

cells take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.

Chloroplast

Respiration

cells use oxygen to break down glucose and release energy and carbon dioxide

Mitochondria

Click

Section 2 Cell EnergyChapter 4

Fermentation = an energy-releasing process that does not require oxygen

Lactic Acid Fermentation

- Muscle cells can break down glucose without oxygen but lactic acid is produced instead of the water & carbon dioxide, a small amount of energy is also released

Alcoholic Fermentation

- in yeast or single celled organisms

-produces: alcohol, carbon dioxide, and a small amount

of energy

- Carbon dioxide release makes the bubbles or air

holes in bread or bubbles in sparkling or carbonated

drinks

Section 2 Cell Energy

Getting Energy from Food,

• When muscles can’t get the oxygen for cellular respiration, they use fermentation to get energy.

• Fermentation is the breakdown of food without the use of

oxygen. It produces a small amount of ATP

Chapter 4

Occurs Product

1st Type Animal Muscles (some fungi an bacteria) Causes muscle fatigue

Lactic Acid

2nd Type Bacteria and Yeast Causes holes in bread

CO2 and Alcohol

FermentationA ball of bread dough mixed with yeast is left in a bowl at room temperature. As time passes, the dough increases in size.

Cellular Respiration

Log: March 1st

Write the chemicals equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration.

How are the two connected? Explain.

Comparing Cell CyclesThe table below compares the length of different cell cycles.

Cell Division Lesson 3

Log: March 2, 2011

True or False

1. The first stage of cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm.

2. In the first stage of respiration a great deal of energy is required from the sun.

3. ATP can be made from fermentation or cellular respiration.

Function of the Cell cycle

The cell cycle allows cell to

1. Grow

2. Repair

3. Reproduce

Turn to Page 57

How does each picture represent cell division

Cell Cycle: What happens?

1. The cell will grow

2. Prepare for cell division

3. Divide into two cell called “daughter cells”

Cell Division

Interphase: Preparing to DivideThe changes in a cell during interphase prepare the cell for mitosis.

The cell is growing and making copies of

its DNA1. GrowingWhat organelles are produced to aid this process?2. Copying DNAWhat form is the DNA in?

3. Preparing for divisionWhat structures are made?

Cell DivisionWhen one cell splits in half during cell division, the result is two new cells. Each of those two cells can divide into two more, and so on.

Log Time

What are the 3 functions of cell division?

Write out the 6 vocab words and define for section 3

Mitosis: ProphaseMitosis begins with prophase, which involves further changes to the cell.

Cell Division

Nucleic Acid

• Long organic molecules consisting of C,O ,H and N.

• They carry instructions for cells

• One type of cell Nucleic Acid is DNA

• The shape of DNA is referred to as a double helix

Section 3 The Cell Cycle

Mitosis and the Cell Cycle

• Mitosis has four phases:

1. prophase2. metaphase

3. anaphase4. telophase

Chapter 4

Section 3 The Cell Cycle

Mitosis and the Cell Cycle, continued

• Cytokinesis is the division of cytoplasm.

• In animal cells and other eukaryotes that do not have cell walls, division of the cytoplasm begins at

the cell membrane.

• In plant cells and in other eukaryotes with cell walls, a cell plate forms and the cell splits into two cells.

Chapter 4

Cell Division

The Cell CycleCells undergo an orderly sequence of events as they grow and divide. What are the missing parts of the stages?

Centriole pairs Spindle fiberCentromere

Chromatids

Before a cell divides, it must make a copy of its DNA which is organized into structures called

chromosomes.

Each Human cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes

Length of a Liver Cell CycleHuman liver cells generally reproduce less than once per year. At other times, they can complete one cell cycle in about 22 hours.

Cell Division

Log: March 2011

What happens during telophase?

In what process/stage does the cell make a copy of DNA?

Log: March 2011

What is Mitosis?

What are the two new cells called at the end of the cell cycle?