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1

Organized by the Rushurgent Working Group

National Institute of Geological Sciences University of the Philippines Diliman

Quezon City, Philippines +632 482 2856

http://rwg-tag.bravehost.com/joomla/Rushurgent Working Group

1

Prof. Xiaochi JIN Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 26 Baiwanzhuang Road Beijing 100037, P.R. China Prof. Dr. Katsumi UENO Department of Earth System Science Faculty of Science Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan Prof. Graciano YUMUL JR. Monte Oro Resources and Energy Inc. 6th Floor, Ecoplaza Bldg, Chino Roces Ave. Extension, Makati City, Philippines 2305 Dr. Pol CHAODUMRONG Bureau of Geological Survey Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok 10400, Thailand

Organizing Committee 2nd International Symposium of the IGCP 589

Overall Chair Graciano P. Yumul Jr.

Co-Chairs Carla B. Dimalanta Decibel V. Faustino-Eslava

Scientific Program Noelynna T. Ramos Betchaida D. Payot

Post-Symposium Field-work

Leilanie O. Suerte Jolepe O. Suerte

Secretariat

Juan Miguel R. Guotana Pearlyn C. Manalo Ricky C. Salapare

Logistics Paulo M. Operio Nichole Anthony D. Pacle

Registration Americus d.C. Perez Mary Grace S. Asio

IGCP 589 Project Leaders

22

NOTES

21

References

Pubellier, M., Monnier, C. Maury, R. and Tamayo, R.A.Jr., 2004. Plate kinematics, origin and tectonic emplacement of supra-subduction ophiolites in SE Asia. Tectono-physics 392, 9-36.

Pubellier, M., Ego, F., Chamot-Rooke, N. and Rangin, C., 2003. The building of pericra-tonic mountain ranges: Structural and kinematic constraints applied to GIS-based reconstructions of SE Asia. Bull. Soc. Geol. Fr. 174, 561-584.

Pubellier, M., Quebral, R., Aurelio, M. and Rangin, C., 1996. Docking and post-docking tectonics in the southern Philippines. In R. Hall and D. Blundell (eds). Tectonic evolution of Southeast Asia. Geological Society Special Publication 106, 511-523.

Quean o, K.L., 2006. Tectonic modeling of Northern Luzon, Philippines and regional implications. Ph.D. thesis, University of Hong Kong, PROC, 498 p.

Rangin, C., Stephan, J. F., Butterlin, J., Bellon, H., Muller, C., Chorowicz, J., Baladad, D., 1991. Collision Ne oge ne d’arcs Volcaniques Dans Le Center Des Philippines: Stratigraphie et Structure de la Chaine d’Antique (î le de Panay). Bulletin de la Socie te Ge ologique France 162, 465–77.

Rangin, C., Jolivet, L., Pubellier, M. and the Tethys Pacific Working Group, 1990. A sim-ple model for the tectonic evolution of southeast Asia and Indonesia region for the past 43 m.y.. Bulletin de la Socie te Ge ologique de France 8, 889-905.

Tamayo, R.A.Jr., Yumul, G.P.Jr., Maury, R.C., Polve, M., Cotton, M. and Bohn, M., 2001. Petrochemical investigation of the Antique Ophiolite (Philippines): Implica-tions on volcanogenic massive sulfide and podiform chromitite deposits. Re-source Geology 51, 145-164.

Tamayo, R.A.Jr., Maury, R.C., Yumul, G.P.Jr., Polve, M., Cotton, J., Dimalanta, C.B., Olagu-era, F., 2004. Subduction-related magmatic imprint of most Philippine ophio-lites: implications on the early geodynamic evolution of the Philippine archi-pelago. Bulletin de la Socie te Ge ologique de France 175, 443-460.

UNDP (United Nations Development Programme), 1986. Geology of Southwestern Pa-nay. Technical Report 8, Manila, 51p.

Wolfe, J.A., 1988. Arc magmatism and mineralization in North Luzon and its relation-ship to subduction at the East Luzon and North Manila Trenches. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences 2, 79-93.

Yumul, G.P.Jr., Dimalanta, C.B., Tamayo, R.A.Jr. and Maury, R.C., 2003. Collision, subduc-tion and accretion events in the Philippines: A synthesis. Island Arc 12, 77-91.

Zamoras, L.R. and Matsuoka, A., 2001. Malampaya Sound Group: A Jurassic-Early Creta-ceous accretionary complex in Busuanga island, North Palawan Block (Philippines). Journal of the Geological Society of the Philppines 107, 316-336.

Zamoras, L.R., Montes, M.G.A., Quean o, K.L., Marquez, E.J., Dimalanta, C.B., Gabo, J.A.S. and Yumul, G.P.Jr., 2008. Buruanga peninsula and Antique Range: Two con-trasting terranes in Northwest Panay, Philippines, featuring an arc-continent collision zone. Island Arc 17, 443-457.

2

Cooperating Institutions

Our Partners

Philsaga Mining Corporation

Department of Science and

Technology– Region VI

Rushurgent Working

Group

School of Environmental

Science and Management

University of the

Philippines—Los Baños

Mines and Geosciences

Bureau-Region VI

Crau Minerals Corporation

3

Time Activity

0730 Departure for fieldwork

Fieldwork around Buruanga Peninsula

Lunch


Check-in at Pandan Beach Resort

Dinner

DAY 2 (NOVEMBER 07, 2013)

Time Activity


Fieldwork from Pandan to San Jose de Buenavista

Lunch

Fieldwork around San Jose de Buenavista

Check-in at Adelaide Inn

Dinner



Time Activity


Field work from San Jose de Buenavista - Tobias Fornier - Anini-y

Lunch

Fieldwork from Anini-y - San Joaquin – Miag-ao

Check-in at Iloilo Business Hotel

Dinner


Time Activity

0730 Breakfast

City tour: Iloilo

FIELD ITINERARY

20

References

Aurelio, M.A., 2000. Shear partitioning in the Philippines: Constraints from Philippine Fault and global positioning data. Island Arc 9, 584-597.

Asio-Montes, M.G., 2009. Geology of Northwestern Panay: A Peek into the leading edge of a continental terrane. MS thesis. University of the Philippines– National In-stitute of Geological Sciences.

Canto, A.P.B., Padrones, J.T., Concepcion, R.A.B., Perez, A.D.C., Tamayo, R.A.Jr., Dimalanta, C.B., Faustino-Eslava, D.V., Quean o, K.L. and Yumul, G.P.Jr., 2012. Geology of northwestern Mindoro and its offshore islands: Implications for terrane accretion in west Central Philippines. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 61, 78-87. Bellon, H. and Rangin, C., 1991. Geochemistry and isotopic dating of Cenozoic volcanic arc sequences around the Celebes and Sulu seas. In E. Silver, C. Rangin and M.T. von Breymann (eds.), Proc. Ocean Drilling Prog. Sci. Res. 124, 321-338. Faure, M., Marchadier, Y. and Rangin, C., 1989. Pre-Eocene synmetamorphic structure in

the Mindoro-Romblon-Palawan area, West Philippines, and the implications for the history of Southeast Asia. Tectonics 8, 963-979.

Florendo, F.F., 1981. Preliminary report on the geology, geotectonic development and mineralization of western Panay. Bureau of Mines and Geosciences, Region VII, unpublished.

Francisco, F.U., 1953. The Pre-Tertiary rocks of Buruanga Peninsula, Panay Island, Phil-ippines. Proceedings of the 8th Pacific Congress 2, 482-498.

Gabo, J.A.S., Dimalanta, C.B., Asio, M.G.S., Quean o, K.L., Yumul, G.P.Jr. and Imai, A. , 2009. Geology and geochemistry of the clastic sequences from Northwestern Panay (Philippines): Implications for provenance and geotectonic setting. Tectono-physics 479, 111-119. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2009.02.004.

Gervasio, F.C., 1967. Age and nature of orogenesis of the Philippines. Tectonophysics 4, 379-402.

Hall, R., 1996. Reconstructing Cenozoic SE Asia. In Hall, R. and Blundell, D. (eds) Tecton-ic evolution of SE Asia. Geological Society Special Publication 106, 153-184.

Hamilton, W., 1979. Tectonics of the Indonesian region. U.S. Geological Survey Profes-sional Paper 1078, 345 pp.

Holloway, N.H., 1982. North Palawan Block, Philippines – Its relation to the Asian main-land and role in the evolution of the South China Sea. The American Associa-tion of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 66, 1355-1383.

Japan International Cooperation Agency-Metal Mining Agency of Japan (JICA-MMAJ), 1990. Report on the mineral exploration, mineral deposits and tectonics of two contrasting geologic environments in the Republic of the Philippines. Terminal Report, 106-111.

Karig, D.E., 1983. Accreted terranes in the northern part of the Philippine archipelago. Tectonics 2, 211-36.

McCabe, R., Almasco, J. and Diegor, W., 1982. Geologic and paleomagnetic evidence for a possible Miocene collision in western Panay, Central Philippines. Geology 10, 325-329.

19

Stop 6

BRIEF STOP AT THE MIAG-AO CHURCH

Built in 1786 by the Spanish Au-

gustinian missionaries, the Miag-

ao Church has been declared as

one of the UNESCO’s World

Heritage Site for ―Baroque

Churches of the Philippines‖.

The architecture and facade of the

Church is a unique infusion of

Spanish and local influences.

CITY TOUR IN ILOILO

November 09, 2013

N

November 08, 2013 | San Jose de Buenavista - Tobias Fornier -

Anini-y – San Joaquin – Miag-ao

4

FIELD ITINERARY

The Panay Island is located in Central Philippines (inset). Field stops during the

fieldwork are indicated in the map (map source: maps.google.com; inset map: Canto

et al., 2012).

3

4

5

1

2

3 4

6

50 km

5

1

1

432

Day 1 stopsDay 2 stopsDay 3 stops

Stop 2

Buruanga

Peninsula

Barbaza

San Jose de Buenavista

Miag-ao

Iloilo City

Anini-y

5

Collision, accretion, subduction and rifting processes through

geologic time have led to the current configuration of the Philippine islands (Gervasio, 1967; Karig, 1983; Rangin et al., 1990, Hall, 1996; Yumul et al., 2003; Pubellier et al., 2004). The Philippine archipelago is bounded by two oppositely dipping subduction zone systems. Along the eastern margin, the Philippine Sea Plate subducts west-north-westward along the incipient East Luzon Trough and the Philippine Trench. The western boundary is defined by the subduction of the South China Sea, Sulu Sea and Celebes Sea Basins along the Negros-Sulu-Cotabato Trench system. Excess stresses generated from subduction along the trench systems are accommodated by the left-lateral N-S trending Philippine Fault system which cuts across the entire archipelago (Wolfe, 1988; Aurelio, 2000).

The western margin of the Philippines is marked by the West

Philippine Suture Zone (WPSZ) which represents sutured arc-continent units derived from the Philippine Mobile Belt (PMB) and the North Palawan Block (NPB), respectively, due to the Eocene opening of the South China Sea (Holloway, 1982; Karig, 1983; Rangin et al., 1990; Pubellier et al., 1996). The exact timing of this arc-continent collision has been placed from Late Oligocene to Late Miocene (e.g. McCabe et al., 1982; Pubellier et al., 2003; Quean o, 2006). The geology of the islands of Panay, Palawan, Mindoro and the Romblon Island Group in Central Philippines provide a record of this collision event. The triangular Panay island is divided into four terranes: the Eastern Volcanic Terrane, the Iloilo Basin, the Western Range and the Buruanga Peninsula (Hamilton, 1979; McCabe et al., 1982). Manifestations of the collision outcrop along the western portion of Panay starting from the Buruanga Peninsula in the north and southward to the Antique Mountain Range. Jutting out from the northwestern tip of Panay, the Buruanga Peninsula is dominantly characterized by highly folded schists, cherts, quartzites, metasediments, graywackes and marbles and was previously named as the Buruanga Metamorphic Complex (Francisco, 1953). The presence of mica-quartz schists and marbles intruded by biotite-quartz diorite pluton lead to the inclusion of the Buruanga Peninsula as part of the NPB. Moreover, petrographic examination of quartz-rich sandstones revealed a continent-derived protolith akin to lithologic units of North Palawan and SW Mindoro (Hamilton, 1979; Holloway, 1982).

GEOLOGIC FRAMEWORK

18

PANICIUAN MELANGE, SAN JOAQUIN

The Paniciuan Melange is well exposed along the San Joaquin River

(photo A). Blocks of highly deformed serpentinized peridotites,

gabbros, sandstones (photo B) and ribbon chert (photo C) are

embedded in a greenish silty matrix. The red and green sandstones

of the Lagdo Formation (photo D) also occur near this outcrop.

Stop 5

A

D

B

N

C


Anini-y – San Joaquin – Miag ao

17

Stop 3

SIRA-AN HOTSPRING IN ANINI-Y

Stop 4

SANDSTONE –SILTSTONE INTERBEDS

Lunch stop at the Sira-an Hotspring which is popular with the locals.

The heat source of the hotspring is being attributed to faulting in the

area. From the view deck, the white sand beach of the Nagas Island

can also be seen (top right photo).

Dipping interbeds of sandstones and siltstones belonging to the Iloilo

Basin can be found along the San Joaquin to Anini-y Road.

N

N



6

Recent studies on the clastic rocks in the Buruanga Peninsula have revealed the continental character of these rocks (Zamoras et al., 2008; Gabo et al., 2009). In general, the metamorphic and sedimentary rocks in Buruanga are interpreted to be similar to the basement rocks of Palawan, Mindoro and Romblon, which display continental affinity, and are dated to Permian-Cretaceous (e.g. Faure et al., 1989; Zamoras and Matsuoka, 2001).

The Antique Mountain Range which borders the western periphery

of Panay island consist of dismembered fragments of crust-mantle sequences collectively called the Antique Ophiolite (e.g. UNDP, 1986). Geochemical signatures of the rocks suggest that these probably represent an agglomeration of an oceanic ridge and fore-arc crust materials (Tamayo et al., 2001). The age of the ophiolitic slivers ranges from Late Jurassic to Late Eocene (e.g. McCabe et al., 1982; 1991; UNDP, 1986). The sedimentary formations overlying the Antique Ophiolite contain ophiolitic clasts and the age for the earliest exhumation of the ophiolite is pegged at Middle Miocene (Tamayo et al., 2001). This must have been a period of intense tectonic activity along the western margin of the evolving Philippine Archipelago as a similar age was yielded by the matrix materials of the Paniciuan Melange (Rangin et al., 1991). Late Miocene to Pliocene volcano-sedimentary sequences then unconformably these deposits.

Thrust above the Antique Ophiolite, me lange and the volcano-sedimentary beds is a package consisting of arc volcanic rocks overlain by the sedimentary fill of the Iloilo Basin. The former lies within a K-Ar isotopic age range of 30-25.1 Ma consistent with the Late Oligocene age of the basal layers of the latter (JICA ,1990; Bellon and Rangin, 1991). Lastly, K-Ar dating of volcanic rocks which outcrop at the central portion of the Antique Mountain Range gave isotopic ages of about 23 Ma (Bellon and Rangin, 1991). This volcanic unit is believed to represent the exposed termination of the currently mostly submerged Cagayan de Sulu Ridge, the magmatic arc behind which the Southeast Sulu basin opened (Rangin et al., 1991).

7

November 06, 2013 | BURUANGA PENINSULABURUANGA PENINSULA

Stop 1

SABONGCOGON FORMATION

The Sabongcogon Formation

consists of terrigenous

mudstone-sandstone beds

(photos A-B) and interbedded

siliceous mudstone (photos C-

D). This formation is assigned

Middle Jurassic (Callovian) to

early Late Jurassic age

(Oxfordian) based on the radiolarians extracted from the siliceous

mudstones (Gabo et al., 2009).

A.A. B.B.

C.C. D.D.

N

16

Stop 2

VOLCANICS OF THE LAGDO FORMATION

The volcanic component of the

Lagdo Formation which appears to

be agglomeratic in occurrence is

exposed at the shores of the

Puntahagdan Resort (photos A-B)

and along the road to Anini-y

(photos C-D).

A.A. B.B.

C.C. D.D.

N



15

Stop 1

SEDIMENTARY UNITS OF THE LAGDO FORMATION

The Lagdo Formation

unconformably overlies the

Paniciuan Melange and the

Antique Ophiolite. It is

composed of volcanic and

sedimentary lithologies. Coastal

traverse along San Jose de

Buenavista to Tobias Fornier

showcases well-preserved

exposures of dominantly coarse-

grained sandstones (photos A-B)

intercalated with conglomerates

(photos C-D) belonging to the

Lagdo Formation. Age dating of

nannofossils in the fine-grained

layers yielded a Middle Miocene

age (Rangin et al., 1991).



A.A.

B.B.

C.C.

D.D.

N

8

Stop 2

UNIDOS FORMATION

The Unidos Formation consists of

complexly folded and bedded

cherts (photos A-B) that are con-

sidered to be the basement of the

Buruanga Peninsula. The chert

exposures in some areas are in-

terbedded with siliceous mud-

stones. Paleontological dating of

moderately preserved radiolari-

ans yielded an early Middle Juras-

sic age based on the presence of

Zartus sp. and Hsuum matsuokai

(Zamoras et al., 2008).


A.A.

B.B.

N

9

Stop 3

GIBON FORMATION

This highly indurated, cream to

gray-bedded pelagic limestone

encompasses almost half of the

Buruanga Peninsula. It is best

exposed in Gibon (photo below)

wherein bedded lime mudstone

and wackestone are found. The

lower stratigraphic sections are

characterized by folding and

faulting.


N

14

Stop 5

SAN REMIGIO-ILOILO ROAD: VIEW DECK ATOP A LIMESTONE OLISTOLITH

Panoramic view from the view deck on top of a limestone olistolith in San Remigio (photos A-B). The Antique Range can be seen towards the NW direction.

Added Note:

Along the San Remigio-Iloilo Road,

geohazards related to different types of

mass wasting (i.e., landslides, creep)

are common. Some portions of the road

are underlain by sedimentary rocks of

the Lagdo Formation making them sus-

ceptible to mass movement during the

rainy season (photo C).

B.B.

N

A.A. NW

November 07, 2013 | Pandan to San Jose de Buenavista

C.C.

13

Stop 4

SAN REMIGIO-ILOILO ROAD: PANICIUAN MELANGE

Unconformably overlying the Antique Ophiolite, the Paniciuan Melange is a heterogeneous mass of unconsolidated breccia which is exposed between the Sibalom Valley and the highlands bounding the Iloilo Basin to the east (Florendo, 1981). In this particular exposure (photo B), the matrix of the Paniciuan Melange is comprised of grayish green to bluish silty mudstone exhibiting scaly features (photo A). Dating of the nannofossils in the matrix yielded an early Middle Miocene age (Florendo, 1981).

A.A.

B.B.

N


10

Stop 4

ULTRAMAFICS AT BUGTONGBATO

The ultramafic rocks in Bugtong-

bato possibly form part of the

mantle section of the Antique

Ophiolite Complex (Zamoras et

al., 2008). The serpentinized

harzburgites are highly jointed,

moderately to intensely weath-

ered, moderately to highly

indurated and contain variable amounts of reddish brown spinel,

olivine, clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene (photo below, Asio, 2009).


N

11

Stop 1

PATRIA QUARTZ DIORITE

The Patria Quartz Diorite is a 5-km circular plug-like mass. It intruded the Gibon Formation producing a marble aureole contact (Zamoras et al., 2008). It is assigned an early Miocene age based on K-Ar dating of Rangin et al. (1991). Boulders of the Pandan Quartz Diorite

10 km

Stop 1


N

are common along the Pandan coast (photo below).

12

Stop 2

BALOY FORMATION AT BARBAZA, WESTERN PANAY

The Baloy Formation consists domi-nantly of basalts and pyroxene basalt breccias with associated greywackes, conglomerates, siltstones and red-dish mudstones (UNDP, 1986). Radi-ometric dating of the Baloy For-mation basalts which conformably overlie the Lumbuyan Formation

Stop 3

SIBALOM RIVER

Cutting across the Antique Range, boulders of peridotites, gabbros, basalts and cherts can be found along the banks of the Sibalom River (photo below). These lithologies are believed to have been derived from the Antique Ophiolite. Across the Sibalom River and facing to-wards the NW, peridotite hills comprising the mantle section of the Antique Ophiolite can be seen.

gave an age of 22.8 ± 1.1 Ma (Rangin et al., 1991).


N

Barbaza

13

Stop 4

SAN REMIGIO-ILOILO ROAD: PANICIUAN MELANGE

Unconformably overlying the Antique Ophiolite, the Paniciuan Melange is a heterogeneous mass of unconsolidated breccia which is exposed between the Sibalom Valley and the highlands bounding the Iloilo Basin to the east (Florendo, 1981). In this particular exposure (photo B), the matrix of the Paniciuan Melange is comprised of grayish green to bluish silty mudstone exhibiting scaly features (photo A). Dating of the nannofossils in the matrix yielded an early Middle Miocene age (Florendo, 1981).

A.A.

B.B.

N


10

Stop 4

ULTRAMAFICS AT BUGTONGBATO

The ultramafic rocks in Bugtong-

bato possibly form part of the

mantle section of the Antique

Ophiolite Complex (Zamoras et

al., 2008). The serpentinized

harzburgites are highly jointed,

moderately to intensely weath-

ered, moderately to highly

indurated and contain variable amounts of reddish brown spinel,

olivine, clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene (photo below, Asio, 2009).


N

9

Stop 3

GIBON FORMATION

This highly indurated, cream to

gray-bedded pelagic limestone

encompasses almost half of the

Buruanga Peninsula. It is best

exposed in Gibon (photo below)

wherein bedded lime mudstone

and wackestone are found. The

lower stratigraphic sections are

characterized by folding and

faulting.


N

14

Stop 5

SAN REMIGIO-ILOILO ROAD: VIEW DECK ATOP A LIMESTONE OLISTOLITH

Panoramic view from the view deck on top of a limestone olistolith in San Remigio (photos A-B). The Antique Range can be seen towards the NW direction.

Added Note:

Along the San Remigio-Iloilo Road,

geohazards related to different types of

mass wasting (i.e., landslides, creep)

are common. Some portions of the road

are underlain by sedimentary rocks of

the Lagdo Formation making them sus-

ceptible to mass movement during the

rainy season (photo C).

B.B.

N

A.A. NW


C.C.

15

Stop 1

SEDIMENTARY UNITS OF THE LAGDO FORMATION

The Lagdo Formation

unconformably overlies the

Paniciuan Melange and the

Antique Ophiolite. It is

composed of volcanic and

sedimentary lithologies. Coastal

traverse along San Jose de

Buenavista to Tobias Fornier

showcases well-preserved

exposures of dominantly coarse-

grained sandstones (photos A-B)

intercalated with conglomerates

(photos C-D) belonging to the

Lagdo Formation. Age dating of

nannofossils in the fine-grained

layers yielded a Middle Miocene

age (Rangin et al., 1991).



A.A.

B.B.

C.C.

D.D.

N

8

Stop 2

UNIDOS FORMATION

The Unidos Formation consists of

complexly folded and bedded

cherts (photos A-B) that are con-

sidered to be the basement of the

Buruanga Peninsula. The chert

exposures in some areas are in-

terbedded with siliceous mud-

stones. Paleontological dating of

moderately preserved radiolari-

ans yielded an early Middle Juras-

sic age based on the presence of

Zartus sp. and Hsuum matsuokai

(Zamoras et al., 2008).


A.A.

B.B.

N

7


Stop 1

SABONGCOGON FORMATION

The Sabongcogon Formation

consists of terrigenous

mudstone-sandstone beds

(photos A-B) and interbedded

siliceous mudstone (photos C-

D). This formation is assigned

Middle Jurassic (Callovian) to

early Late Jurassic age

(Oxfordian) based on the radiolarians extracted from the siliceous

mudstones (Gabo et al., 2009).

A.A. B.B.

C.C. D.D.

N

16

Stop 2

VOLCANICS OF THE LAGDO FORMATION

The volcanic component of the

Lagdo Formation which appears to

be agglomeratic in occurrence is

exposed at the shores of the

Puntahagdan Resort (photos A-B)

and along the road to Anini-y

(photos C-D).

A.A. B.B.

C.C. D.D.

N



17

Stop 3

SIRA-AN HOTSPRING IN ANINI-Y

Stop 4

SANDSTONE –SILTSTONE INTERBEDS

Lunch stop at the Sira-an Hotspring which is popular with the locals.

The heat source of the hotspring is being attributed to faulting in the

area. From the view deck, the white sand beach of the Nagas Island

can also be seen (top right photo).

Dipping interbeds of sandstones and siltstones belonging to the Iloilo

Basin can be found along the San Joaquin to Anini-y Road.

N

N



6

Recent studies on the clastic rocks in the Buruanga Peninsula have revealed the continental character of these rocks (Zamoras et al., 2008; Gabo et al., 2009). In general, the metamorphic and sedimentary rocks in Buruanga are interpreted to be similar to the basement rocks of Palawan, Mindoro and Romblon, which display continental affinity, and are dated to Permian-Cretaceous (e.g. Faure et al., 1989; Zamoras and Matsuoka, 2001).

The Antique Mountain Range which borders the western periphery

of Panay island consist of dismembered fragments of crust-mantle sequences collectively called the Antique Ophiolite (e.g. UNDP, 1986). Geochemical signatures of the rocks suggest that these probably represent an agglomeration of an oceanic ridge and fore-arc crust materials (Tamayo et al., 2001). The age of the ophiolitic slivers ranges from Late Jurassic to Late Eocene (e.g. McCabe et al., 1982; 1991; UNDP, 1986). The sedimentary formations overlying the Antique Ophiolite contain ophiolitic clasts and the age for the earliest exhumation of the ophiolite is pegged at Middle Miocene (Tamayo et al., 2001). This must have been a period of intense tectonic activity along the western margin of the evolving Philippine Archipelago as a similar age was yielded by the matrix materials of the Paniciuan Melange (Rangin et al., 1991). Late Miocene to Pliocene volcano-sedimentary sequences then unconformably these deposits.

Thrust above the Antique Ophiolite, me lange and the volcano-sedimentary beds is a package consisting of arc volcanic rocks overlain by the sedimentary fill of the Iloilo Basin. The former lies within a K-Ar isotopic age range of 30-25.1 Ma consistent with the Late Oligocene age of the basal layers of the latter (JICA ,1990; Bellon and Rangin, 1991). Lastly, K-Ar dating of volcanic rocks which outcrop at the central portion of the Antique Mountain Range gave isotopic ages of about 23 Ma (Bellon and Rangin, 1991). This volcanic unit is believed to represent the exposed termination of the currently mostly submerged Cagayan de Sulu Ridge, the magmatic arc behind which the Southeast Sulu basin opened (Rangin et al., 1991).

5

Collision, accretion, subduction and rifting processes through

geologic time have led to the current configuration of the Philippine islands (Gervasio, 1967; Karig, 1983; Rangin et al., 1990, Hall, 1996; Yumul et al., 2003; Pubellier et al., 2004). The Philippine archipelago is bounded by two oppositely dipping subduction zone systems. Along the eastern margin, the Philippine Sea Plate subducts west-north-westward along the incipient East Luzon Trough and the Philippine Trench. The western boundary is defined by the subduction of the South China Sea, Sulu Sea and Celebes Sea Basins along the Negros-Sulu-Cotabato Trench system. Excess stresses generated from subduction along the trench systems are accommodated by the left-lateral N-S trending Philippine Fault system which cuts across the entire archipelago (Wolfe, 1988; Aurelio, 2000).

The western margin of the Philippines is marked by the West

Philippine Suture Zone (WPSZ) which represents sutured arc-continent units derived from the Philippine Mobile Belt (PMB) and the North Palawan Block (NPB), respectively, due to the Eocene opening of the South China Sea (Holloway, 1982; Karig, 1983; Rangin et al., 1990; Pubellier et al., 1996). The exact timing of this arc-continent collision has been placed from Late Oligocene to Late Miocene (e.g. McCabe et al., 1982; Pubellier et al., 2003; Quean o, 2006). The geology of the islands of Panay, Palawan, Mindoro and the Romblon Island Group in Central Philippines provide a record of this collision event. The triangular Panay island is divided into four terranes: the Eastern Volcanic Terrane, the Iloilo Basin, the Western Range and the Buruanga Peninsula (Hamilton, 1979; McCabe et al., 1982). Manifestations of the collision outcrop along the western portion of Panay starting from the Buruanga Peninsula in the north and southward to the Antique Mountain Range. Jutting out from the northwestern tip of Panay, the Buruanga Peninsula is dominantly characterized by highly folded schists, cherts, quartzites, metasediments, graywackes and marbles and was previously named as the Buruanga Metamorphic Complex (Francisco, 1953). The presence of mica-quartz schists and marbles intruded by biotite-quartz diorite pluton lead to the inclusion of the Buruanga Peninsula as part of the NPB. Moreover, petrographic examination of quartz-rich sandstones revealed a continent-derived protolith akin to lithologic units of North Palawan and SW Mindoro (Hamilton, 1979; Holloway, 1982).

GEOLOGIC FRAMEWORK

18

PANICIUAN MELANGE, SAN JOAQUIN

The Paniciuan Melange is well exposed along the San Joaquin River

(photo A). Blocks of highly deformed serpentinized peridotites,

gabbros, sandstones (photo B) and ribbon chert (photo C) are

embedded in a greenish silty matrix. The red and green sandstones

of the Lagdo Formation (photo D) also occur near this outcrop.

Stop 5

A

D

B

N

C



19

Stop 6

BRIEF STOP AT THE MIAG-AO CHURCH

Built in 1786 by the Spanish Au-

gustinian missionaries, the Miag-

ao Church has been declared as

one of the UNESCO’s World

Heritage Site for ―Baroque

Churches of the Philippines‖.

The architecture and facade of the

Church is a unique infusion of

Spanish and local influences.

CITY TOUR IN ILOILO

November 09, 2013

N



4

FIELD ITINERARY

The Panay Island is located in Central Philippines (inset). Field stops during the

fieldwork are indicated in the map (map source: maps.google.com; inset map: Canto

et al., 2012).

3

4

5

1

2

3 4

6

50 km

5

1

1

432

Day 1 stopsDay 2 stopsDay 3 stops

Stop 2

Buruanga

Peninsula

Barbaza

San Jose de Buenavista

Miag-ao

Iloilo City

Anini-y

3

Time Activity



Lunch


Check-in at Pandan Beach Resort

Dinner


Time Activity


Fieldwork from Pandan to San Jose de Buenavista

Lunch

Fieldwork around San Jose de Buenavista

Check-in at Adelaide Inn

Dinner



Time Activity


Field work from San Jose de Buenavista - Tobias Fornier - Anini-y

Lunch

Fieldwork from Anini-y - San Joaquin – Miag-ao

Check-in at Iloilo Business Hotel

Dinner


Time Activity

0730 Breakfast

City tour: Iloilo

FIELD ITINERARY

20

References

Aurelio, M.A., 2000. Shear partitioning in the Philippines: Constraints from Philippine Fault and global positioning data. Island Arc 9, 584-597.

Asio-Montes, M.G., 2009. Geology of Northwestern Panay: A Peek into the leading edge of a continental terrane. MS thesis. University of the Philippines– National In-stitute of Geological Sciences.

Canto, A.P.B., Padrones, J.T., Concepcion, R.A.B., Perez, A.D.C., Tamayo, R.A.Jr., Dimalanta, C.B., Faustino-Eslava, D.V., Quean o, K.L. and Yumul, G.P.Jr., 2012. Geology of northwestern Mindoro and its offshore islands: Implications for terrane accretion in west Central Philippines. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 61, 78-87. Bellon, H. and Rangin, C., 1991. Geochemistry and isotopic dating of Cenozoic volcanic arc sequences around the Celebes and Sulu seas. In E. Silver, C. Rangin and M.T. von Breymann (eds.), Proc. Ocean Drilling Prog. Sci. Res. 124, 321-338. Faure, M., Marchadier, Y. and Rangin, C., 1989. Pre-Eocene synmetamorphic structure in

the Mindoro-Romblon-Palawan area, West Philippines, and the implications for the history of Southeast Asia. Tectonics 8, 963-979.

Florendo, F.F., 1981. Preliminary report on the geology, geotectonic development and mineralization of western Panay. Bureau of Mines and Geosciences, Region VII, unpublished.

Francisco, F.U., 1953. The Pre-Tertiary rocks of Buruanga Peninsula, Panay Island, Phil-ippines. Proceedings of the 8th Pacific Congress 2, 482-498.

Gabo, J.A.S., Dimalanta, C.B., Asio, M.G.S., Quean o, K.L., Yumul, G.P.Jr. and Imai, A. , 2009. Geology and geochemistry of the clastic sequences from Northwestern Panay (Philippines): Implications for provenance and geotectonic setting. Tectono-physics 479, 111-119. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2009.02.004.

Gervasio, F.C., 1967. Age and nature of orogenesis of the Philippines. Tectonophysics 4, 379-402.

Hall, R., 1996. Reconstructing Cenozoic SE Asia. In Hall, R. and Blundell, D. (eds) Tecton-ic evolution of SE Asia. Geological Society Special Publication 106, 153-184.

Hamilton, W., 1979. Tectonics of the Indonesian region. U.S. Geological Survey Profes-sional Paper 1078, 345 pp.

Holloway, N.H., 1982. North Palawan Block, Philippines – Its relation to the Asian main-land and role in the evolution of the South China Sea. The American Associa-tion of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 66, 1355-1383.

Japan International Cooperation Agency-Metal Mining Agency of Japan (JICA-MMAJ), 1990. Report on the mineral exploration, mineral deposits and tectonics of two contrasting geologic environments in the Republic of the Philippines. Terminal Report, 106-111.

Karig, D.E., 1983. Accreted terranes in the northern part of the Philippine archipelago. Tectonics 2, 211-36.

McCabe, R., Almasco, J. and Diegor, W., 1982. Geologic and paleomagnetic evidence for a possible Miocene collision in western Panay, Central Philippines. Geology 10, 325-329.

21

References

Pubellier, M., Monnier, C. Maury, R. and Tamayo, R.A.Jr., 2004. Plate kinematics, origin and tectonic emplacement of supra-subduction ophiolites in SE Asia. Tectono-physics 392, 9-36.

Pubellier, M., Ego, F., Chamot-Rooke, N. and Rangin, C., 2003. The building of pericra-tonic mountain ranges: Structural and kinematic constraints applied to GIS-based reconstructions of SE Asia. Bull. Soc. Geol. Fr. 174, 561-584.

Pubellier, M., Quebral, R., Aurelio, M. and Rangin, C., 1996. Docking and post-docking tectonics in the southern Philippines. In R. Hall and D. Blundell (eds). Tectonic evolution of Southeast Asia. Geological Society Special Publication 106, 511-523.

Quean o, K.L., 2006. Tectonic modeling of Northern Luzon, Philippines and regional implications. Ph.D. thesis, University of Hong Kong, PROC, 498 p.

Rangin, C., Stephan, J. F., Butterlin, J., Bellon, H., Muller, C., Chorowicz, J., Baladad, D., 1991. Collision Ne oge ne d’arcs Volcaniques Dans Le Center Des Philippines: Stratigraphie et Structure de la Chaine d’Antique (î le de Panay). Bulletin de la Socie te Ge ologique France 162, 465–77.

Rangin, C., Jolivet, L., Pubellier, M. and the Tethys Pacific Working Group, 1990. A sim-ple model for the tectonic evolution of southeast Asia and Indonesia region for the past 43 m.y.. Bulletin de la Socie te Ge ologique de France 8, 889-905.

Tamayo, R.A.Jr., Yumul, G.P.Jr., Maury, R.C., Polve, M., Cotton, M. and Bohn, M., 2001. Petrochemical investigation of the Antique Ophiolite (Philippines): Implica-tions on volcanogenic massive sulfide and podiform chromitite deposits. Re-source Geology 51, 145-164.

Tamayo, R.A.Jr., Maury, R.C., Yumul, G.P.Jr., Polve, M., Cotton, J., Dimalanta, C.B., Olagu-era, F., 2004. Subduction-related magmatic imprint of most Philippine ophio-lites: implications on the early geodynamic evolution of the Philippine archi-pelago. Bulletin de la Socie te Ge ologique de France 175, 443-460.

UNDP (United Nations Development Programme), 1986. Geology of Southwestern Pa-nay. Technical Report 8, Manila, 51p.

Wolfe, J.A., 1988. Arc magmatism and mineralization in North Luzon and its relation-ship to subduction at the East Luzon and North Manila Trenches. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences 2, 79-93.

Yumul, G.P.Jr., Dimalanta, C.B., Tamayo, R.A.Jr. and Maury, R.C., 2003. Collision, subduc-tion and accretion events in the Philippines: A synthesis. Island Arc 12, 77-91.

Zamoras, L.R. and Matsuoka, A., 2001. Malampaya Sound Group: A Jurassic-Early Creta-ceous accretionary complex in Busuanga island, North Palawan Block (Philippines). Journal of the Geological Society of the Philppines 107, 316-336.

Zamoras, L.R., Montes, M.G.A., Quean o, K.L., Marquez, E.J., Dimalanta, C.B., Gabo, J.A.S. and Yumul, G.P.Jr., 2008. Buruanga peninsula and Antique Range: Two con-trasting terranes in Northwest Panay, Philippines, featuring an arc-continent collision zone. Island Arc 17, 443-457.

2

Cooperating Institutions

Our Partners

Philsaga Mining Corporation

Department of Science and

Technology– Region VI

Rushurgent Working

Group

School of Environmental

Science and Management

University of the

Philippines—Los Baños

Mines and Geosciences

Bureau-Region VI

Crau Minerals Corporation

1

Prof. Xiaochi JIN Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 26 Baiwanzhuang Road Beijing 100037, P.R. China Prof. Dr. Katsumi UENO Department of Earth System Science Faculty of Science Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan Prof. Graciano YUMUL JR. Monte Oro Resources and Energy Inc. 6th Floor, Ecoplaza Bldg, Chino Roces Ave. Extension, Makati City, Philippines 2305 Dr. Pol CHAODUMRONG Bureau of Geological Survey Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok 10400, Thailand

Organizing Committee 2nd International Symposium of the IGCP 589

Overall Chair Graciano P. Yumul Jr.

Co-Chairs Carla B. Dimalanta Decibel V. Faustino-Eslava

Scientific Program Noelynna T. Ramos Betchaida D. Payot

Post-Symposium Field-work

Leilanie O. Suerte Jolepe O. Suerte

Secretariat

Juan Miguel R. Guotana Pearlyn C. Manalo Ricky C. Salapare

Logistics Paulo M. Operio Nichole Anthony D. Pacle

Registration Americus d.C. Perez Mary Grace S. Asio

IGCP 589 Project Leaders

22

NOTES

1

Organized by the Rushurgent Working Group

National Institute of Geological Sciences University of the Philippines Diliman

Quezon City, Philippines +632 482 2856

http://rwg-tag.bravehost.com/joomla/Rushurgent Working Group

tag.bravehost.com/joomla/rushurgent working groupigcp589.cags.ac.cn/2nd symposium/field...

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