take your population lab out for me to check. ecological community groups of interacting organisms...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Take your Population Lab out for me to check
Take a seat, Get out your PENCIL!
![Page 2: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Changes to Populations
![Page 3: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Ecological CommunityGroups of interacting organisms
Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes, elodea, etc)Forest Community (trees, shrubs, squirrels, birds, deer, etc)Coral Reef Community (coral, sponges, sharks, fish, algae,
etc)
HabitatArea where community of organisms live.Requires 4 components:
Food, water, cover, space
EcosystemInteractions of communities of organisms with each
other and their habitat.
What are some terms used in Ecology to study organisms?
![Page 4: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Increase Population1) Birth2) Immigration (entering a population)
Decrease Population3) Death 4) Emigration (leaving a population)
See if you can create an equation using these 4 terms for Population Growth, Population Decrease, Population Stability
4 factors that effect the size of a population…
![Page 5: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Populations Increase: When Immigration + Births > Death + Emigration
Population Remains Stable:When Immigration + Births = Death + Emigration:
Populations Decrease: When Immigration + Births < Death + Emigration
Is the population increasing or decreasing?
![Page 6: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Anything that prevents the growth of a population
What would happen without limiting factors?
What are Limiting Factors?
![Page 7: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What is Carrying Capacity (k)?
![Page 8: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The maximum population a species can maintain in a certain area without damaging the ecosystem.
Population can stabilize at K…
![Page 9: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What happens when a population goes above carrying capacity?
![Page 10: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
29 introduced in 1944
More than 6,000 by 1963
Down to 42 by 1966
Populations also can crash if #s go above K…
![Page 11: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
How overpopulation and decrease (k)
![Page 12: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Season Fluxuations
![Page 13: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Seasonal Fluctuations
![Page 14: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
What will happen with World Population?
![Page 15: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Territorial Animals need a large amount of space.
Loss of Habitat causes the decline of many species.
Limiting Factor #1: Space
Who took my towel?
![Page 16: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Loss of trees/wooden posts caused a huge declineBetween 1935-1985 numbers declined by 90%
Loss of Space/Habitat Example: Bluebirds
![Page 17: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Q. What are the major needs of an organism’s habitat? Answer- Food, water, cover, and space.
![Page 18: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Leads to death via dehydration, starvation
Some animals will emigrate
Organisms that rely on one type of food are severely affected
Limiting Factor #2: Food and Water
![Page 19: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Food and Water Example: Snowshoe Hare and Lynx
![Page 20: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Limiting Factor #3: Climate and Weather
Temperature changes can affect plants and animals
Floods and storms can cause death & destruction of habitat
![Page 21: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Climate Changes Example:Mosquito Populations
Mosquitoes breed in standing water
Rainfall creates puddles of standing water
![Page 22: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Temperature Changes: Coffee Habitat
Impact of Temperature
Rise on Robusta Coffee
in Uganda.
*Developing countries,
whose economies often
rely heavily on one or two
agricultural products, are
especially vulnerable to
climate change.
*This graphic shows that
With an increase of only
2 degrees Celsius, there
would be a dramatic
decrease in the amount
of land suitable for
growing Robusta coffee
in Uganda.
![Page 23: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Protection from predatorsProtection from weather
Limiting Factor #4: Cover
![Page 24: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
What is Edge?
![Page 25: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Positives and Negatives of Edge…
Some organisms prefer edge, because they need the cover and specific species of plants that grow there to feed on…
Other species have their habitats Fragmented by roads, fields, farms, etc.
![Page 26: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Habitat Fragmentation
![Page 27: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Cover Example: Ruffed GrouseRuffed Grouse- Requires
brushy forests for cover and food. Most of Pa’s forest were logged (cut down) 80 to 100 years ago.
They grew into brushy forest allowing grouse populations to increase.
Forests are now maturing reducing cover and food causing populations to decline.
Land development has also reduced populations
![Page 29: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
An increase in the number of predators to an area will impact prey species.
Limiting Factor #5: Increase Predation
![Page 30: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Predicted that in one year house cats kill 1 billion songbirds! WATCH THIS
Predation Example: House Cats!
![Page 31: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Spread quickly through high density populationsCan devastate populations with low genetic diversity
Limiting Factor #6:Disease
![Page 32: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Mosquito born disease
5,697 crows reported dead in NYS in 1999
Disease: West Nile Virus
![Page 33: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Fungus that has killed over one million bats90-100% of some species of hibernating bats are in
danger of being killed.
White Nose Syndrome
![Page 34: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Plants that cannot tolerate too much or too little light can be affected
Limiting Factor #7:Light
![Page 35: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Light Example: Tree Growth and ShadeAspen Pine Poplar = intolerant,
will dominate young forestsBeech, Fir, Hemlock, Maple =
tolerant will dominate older forests
![Page 36: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Close proximity to humans causes some species to emigrate
Other species thrive
Limiting Factor #8: Human Presence
![Page 37: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Think of an example where an organism does not have enough limiting factors.
What is the organism, how does this affect the habitat around that organism?
Reflection
![Page 38: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Limiting factors lead to competition among organisms for available resources
A loss in a limiting factor can contribute to a decline in populations
Increased due to exotic species
Competition
![Page 39: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
~Introduced species not native or endemic to the area in question. ~Can cause competition for resources.
Exotic Species
![Page 40: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Changes in Population
![Page 41: Take your Population Lab out for me to check. Ecological Community Groups of interacting organisms Pond Community (lilly pads, frogs, fish, snakes,](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070413/5697bfb91a28abf838c9f982/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Watch this… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b98JmQ0Cc3k&feature=related
What is the solution? Is there one? Use the debate form I give you with directions to come up with solutions…if there are any…if we need them.
What do you believe about world population?