TAMIL NADU

KNOW YOUR STATE

Location of Map of India

Image Source: Wikipedia

Basic Facts about Tamil Nadu

● State: 1 November 1956

● Capital: Chennai

● Number of District : 37

● Governor: Banwarilal Purohit

● Chief Minister: Edappadi K. Palaniswami

● High court: Madras High Court

● Chief Justice: Amreshwar Pratap Sahi (Took Oath on 11 November 2019)

● Members of the Legislative Assembly: 234

● Lok Sabha Seats : 39

● Rajya Sabha Seats : 18

Boundaries

It is bordered by the union territory of Puducherry and the South Indian states of

Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh.

Image Source: Maps of India

State Symbols

● State Animal: Nilgiri Tahr

● State Bird: Emerald Dove

● State Flower: Kandhal

● State Tree: Palmyrah

History of Tamil Nadu

● Ancient Tamil history is marked by the

kingdoms of Chera, Chola and Pandya.

● Sangam literature is known to flourish under

the patronage of these kingdoms.

● The medieval period of Tamil Nadu is marked

by Pallav Dynasty under Mahendravarman

who ruled Tamil Nadu.

● Vijaynagar kingdom ruled with a glorious

heritage for two centuries and is also called

as the richest empire ever of Indian history.

● During British period Tamil Nadu was called

as Madras presidency.

● After State Reorganization Act of 1956, many

regions of Madras state were separated out.

Tamil Nadu state eventually came to

existence on 14 Jan 1969.

● प्राचीन तमिल इमतहास चेरा, चोलऔर पाांड्या के

राज्यों द्वारा मचमित है।

● सांगम साहित्य कय इन राज्यों के सोंरक्षण िें फलने-

फूलने के मलए जाना जाता है।

● तमिलनाडु के िध्यकाल कय मिेंद्रवममन ने

तमिलनाडु पर शासन करने वाले पल्लव राजवोंश

द्वारा मचमित मकया है।

● हवजयनगर साम्राज्य ने दय शताब्दिययों तक एक

शानदार मवरासत के साथ शासन मकया और इसे

भारतीय इमतहास का अब तक का सबसे सिृद्ध

साम्राज् भी कहा जाता है।

● मिमिश काल के दौरान तमिलनाडु कय मद्रास

पे्रसीडेंसी कहा जाता था।

● 1956 के राज् पुनर्गठन अमिमनयि के बाद, िद्रास

राज् के कई के्षत्यों कय अलर् कर मदया र्या था।

तमिलनाडु राज् अोंततः 14 जनवरी 1969 कय

अब्दित्व िें आया।

Geography

● It is 11th largest state by area and sixth by

population.

● The Nilgiris and the Anamalai are hill groups with

max height.

● The highest peak of Nilgiris is Dodabetta which

stands at 2640 m above sea level.

● The Palghat gap about 25 Km in width is the only

marked break in western ghat range.

● Eastern part of Tamil Nadu contains Palani Hills.

Famous hill station Kodaikanal is situated on Palani

Hills.

● Kanchipuram is the largest district of Tamil Nadu by

area. Chennai is largest by population.

● The major rivers are Kaveri, Palar, Cheyyar,

Ponnaiyar, Meyar, Bhavani, Amravati, Vaigal,

Chittar and Tamaraparni. The 760 Km long Kaveri

is the biggest river of this state.

● यह के्षत्फल के महसाब से 11 वाां सबसे बडा राज् है और

जनसोंख्या के महसाब से छठा है।

● नीलहगरी और अनामलाई अमिकति ऊों चाई वाले

पहाडी सिूह हैं।

● नीलमर्री की सबसे ऊों ची चयिी डोडाबेट्टा है जय सिुद्र

तल से 2640 िीिर की ऊों चाई पर है।

● पालघाट की दूरी लर्भर् 25 मकलयिीिर है जय पमििी

घाि रेंज िें एकिात् मचमित िेक है।

● तमिलनाडु के पूवी महसे्स िें पलानी हिल्स हैं। प्रमसद्ध

महल से्टशन कयडाइकनाल पलानी महल्स पर ब्दथथत है।

● काांचीपुरम के्षत् के महसाब से तमिलनाडु का सबसे बडा

मजला है। चेन्नई जनसोंख्या के महसाब से सबसे बडा है।

● प्रिुख नमदयााँ कावेरी, पलार, चेय्यर, पोनै्नयार, मेयार,

भवानी, अमरावती, वैगल, हचत्तर और ताम्रपर्णी हैं।

760 मकलयिीिर लोंबी कावेरी इस राज् की सबसे बडी

नदी है।

● The Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election was held on 16 May 2016 for the 232 seats

● AIADMK under J. Jayalalithaa won the elections and became the first ruling party to be re-elected

in Tamil Nadu since 1984, though with a reduced majority.

● DMK won half of the seats it contested but its allies performed poorly.

● This was the last election that Jayalalitha and Karunanidhi contested, as they both died in 2016

and 2018 respectively.

● Edappadi K. Palaniswami was elected as the Leader of the AIADMK Legislative Party after the

conviction of V. K. Sasikala.

Major Dams

● Aliyar Dam : Aliyar River

● Amaravathi Dam : Amaravathi River

● Bhavani Sagar Dam: Bhavani River

● Mettur Dam: Cauveri River

● Sholaiyar Dam: Sholaiyar River

● Vaigai Dam: Vaigai River

General Facts

● Tamil language is one of the oldest and longest surviving classical languages of world which

is still in use in its original form.

● In 2004, the Union Cabinet created a new category of languages known as classical

languages, which would be based on certain criteria. Tamil was the first to be included in

this.

● Rameshwaram is of extreme religious importance. Ramanathswamy temple, located on

Rameswaram island is a temple dedicated to Shiva. It is one of the 12 jyotirlingas of

Shiva. It has a set of corridors which together measure 3,850 feet making it longest corridor

in world. Rameshwaram is also one of four pilgrimage centers of Char Dham. Other three

are Kedarnath, Dwarka and Puri.

● Major ports of this state are Madras and Tuticorin.

General Facts

● This state is largest producer of banana, turmeric, tapioca and second largest producer

of mango, coconut, ground nut.

● Tamil Nadu is often referred to as ‘a land of temples’ and Tamils are proud of the religious

traditions and follow them strictly.

● The World’s First Granite Temple is the Brihadeswara temple at Tanjavur in Tamil Nadu.

● The M. A. Chidambaram Stadium or Chepauk Stadium is a cricket stadium in Chennai. The

stadium was established in 1916 and it the oldest continuously used cricket stadium in

the country.

General Facts

● Meenakshi Sundareshwar temple of Madurai is devoted to Parvati (Meenakshi) and Shiva

(Sundareswar). This temple is also the iconic symbol of Tamil Nadu. It consists of 14

gopurams (gateways) and centered garbhgriha. This temple in the current form was built

by Vishwanath Nayak of Nayak Dynasty in late 16th century.

Festivals of Tamil Nadu

● Pongal

● Thaipoosam

● Jallikattu festival

● Natyanjali festival

Dances of Tamil Nadu

● Bharatnatyam

● Kolattam

● Karagam

● Mayilattam

● Indira Gandhi National Park

● Mudumalai National Park

● Mukurthi National Park

● Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park

● Guindy National Park

Important National Park and Wildlife Sanctuaries in Tamil Nadu

● Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary

● Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary

● Kalakaadu Mudanthurai Wildlife

Sanctuary

● Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary

● Kanyakumari Wildlife Sanctuary

● Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary

Important National Park and Wildlife Sanctuaries in Tamil Nadu

● The Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve

● Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve

● Agasthiyamalai Biosphere Reserve

Famous Places of Tamil Nadu

● Marina Beach, world’s second largest beach is located in Chennai the capital of Tamil

Nadu.

● Meenakshi Amman Temple is a Hindu temple located on the southern bank of the

Vaigai River in the temple city of Madurai. It was on the list of top 30 nominees for the

“New Seven Wonders of the World”.

● Kanyakumari beach has its own importance was the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea

and Indian ocean meets.

● Vivekananda Rock Memorial, Gandhi Museum, Thanjavur Temple

GI Tags of Tamil Nadu

● Dindigul locks

● Kandangi sarees

● Salem fabric

● Coimbatore wet grinders

● Nagercoil temple jewellery

● Tanjavur art plates,

● Nilgiris tea

● Sirumalai Hill bananas

● Erode manjal

● Palani panchamirtham

● Kodaikanal malai poondu

UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITES IN

TAMIL NADU

Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram: 1984

Great Living Chola Temples: 1987This cultural heritage site includes three great temples of the 11th and 12th centuries

namely, the Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur, the Brihadisvara Temple at

Gangaikondacholisvaram and the Airavatesvara Temple at Darasuram.

Mountain Railways of India: 1999,2000,2008The Mountain Railways of India represent a collective listing of the Darjeeling Himalayan

Railway, the Nilgiri Mountain Railway and the Kalka-Shimla Railway

Western Ghats (Shared Site): 2012The Western Ghats, also known as the Sahyadri Mountains, a mountain range along the

western side of India and one of the world's ten "Hottest biodiversity hotspots". A total of

thirty nine properties (including national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and reserve forests) were

designated as World Heritage Sites – twenty in the state of Tamil Nadu, ten in

Karnataka, five in Tamil Nadu and four in Maharashtra.

Famous persons of Tamil Nadu

● Dr APJ. Abdul Kalam, 11th President of India was born and raised in Tamil Nadu.

● Sir C.V Raman was a known Indian Physicist, won Nobel prize in Physics.

● The Great Indian Mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan who made significant

contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, and continued fractions was

born in Erode, Tamil Nadu.

● M.S. Subbulakshmi was a famous Carnatic vocalist belongs to Tamil Nadu. She was

the first musician to be awarded the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honour.

● Viswanathan Anand origin of Tamil Nadu is an Indian chess Grandmaster and former

World Chess Champion.

● MS Swaminathan, Father of Green Revolution in India, belonged to Tamil Nadu.

● AR Rahman or the Mozart of Madras, the Academy Award Winner, is also from Tamil

Nadu.

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