Section 26.1 – Taxonomy

By Lauren Banjo!

Taxonomy

Classifying living and extinct organisms and viruses

Hierarchy Easier for scientists to study if they're in

groups Each group is called a taxon

Taxonomic Groups Domain Supergroup Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Domain

Largest and broadest groups There are 3 domains

Bacteria Archaea Eukaryea

Differences Between Domains

Supergroup and Kingdom

Domain Eukarya divided into 7 supergroups Animalia and Fungi under “Opisthokonta” Plantae under “Land plants and algal

relatives”

Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species

Taxons get progressively smaller and more specific

The more specific, the similar the characteristics

Binomial Nomenclature

Standard method for naming species First name is the Genus, second is a specific

epithet Genus name is capitalized, epithet is not Both are italicized In the same passage, the second time it's

mentioned, the Genus can be abbreviated Examples: Homo sapien (first mention)

H. sapien (other mentions)

Can anyone name a species?

Yes! There are rules to follow Rules are put in place by:

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) for animal species

International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) for plant species

International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes (ICSP) for prokaryotes