taylor j. meek october 22, 2009 physiology features patterns evidence and consequences of feature...
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Visual Pattern Recognition
Taylor J. MeekOctober 22, 2009
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Evidence and Consequences of Feature Detection in The Visual Pattern Recognition of Reading by Taylor J. Meek is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License.These original publications may be accessed electronically from: http://www.lingnik.com/visual-pattern-recognition
PHYSIOLOGICAL VISUAL SYSTEM
Difference Detectors and Visual AftereffectsFinding the Feature DetectorsBuilding Feature Detector Systems
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Difference Detectors
Input A
Input B
DifferenceDetector
+
-
A
B
No Activity
Basal Activity
+
-No Activity
Base Level
+
-No Activity
Base Level
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Difference Detectors
Red
Green
DifferenceDetector
+
-
Red
Green
No Activity
Neutral Color(Yellow)
Red
TiredNo Activity
Base Level
Green
TiredNo Activity
Base Level
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Difference Detectors
Red
Green
DifferenceDetector
+
-
Red
Green
No Activity
Neutral Color(Yellow)
Red
TiredNo Activity
Base Level
Green
TiredNo Activity
Base Level
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Difference Detectors
MovementUp
Movement Down
DifferenceDetector
+
-
Up
Down
No Activity
Basal Activity
+
-No Activity
Base Level
+
-No Activity
Base Level
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Aftereffects
Complementary Color PhotoreceptorsSomething More Abstract
“The McCollough Effect”
(Gibson & Harris 1968 in Lindsay & Norman 1977)
1
(Gibson & Harris 1968 in Lindsay & Norman 1977)
2
(Gibson & Harris 1968 in Lindsay & Norman 1977)
Difference Detectors
So what?Eye Transfer
Color DesensitizationMotion Detector DesensitizationOrientation-specific Line Detectors
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Feature Detectors
Edge
Slit/Line
Dimness
++-++-++-
--+--+--+
+-++-++-+
-+--+--+-
+++++++++
---------
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Physiological Feature Detectors
Edge ConvexEdge
MovingContrast(Edge)
Dimness
http://flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/90125879/Toad by Thomas Hawk, under CC License
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Feature Detectorsin Higher-Order Species
Ganglion & Bi-Polar Cells• On-Center, Off-Surround• Off-Center, On-Surround• Light Onset, Extinction• Peculiar Receptive Fields• Color Specificity, Contrast• Movement (Directional)
(Lindsay & Norman 1977, p.215) Physiology
Features
Patterns
Light
ReceptiveField
Ganglion Cell
Simple Feature Detector Cellsin Higher-Order Species
Slit and Line
Edge++-++-++-
--+--+--+
+-++-++-+
-+--+--+-
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Selective to:LocationTypeOrientation/directionWidth
Complex Feature Detector Cellsin Higher-Order Species
Slit and Line
Edge++-++-++-
+-++-++-+
-+--+--+-
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Selective to:LocationTypeOrientation/directionWidth
--+--+--+
Hyper-Complex Feature Detector Cellsin Higher-Order Species
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Size/Endpoint Termination
Movement (Axial Bidirectional)
Angle
Hyper-Complex Feature Detector Cellsin Higher-Order Species
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Size/Endpoint Termination
Hyper-Complex Feature Detector Cellsin Higher-Order Species
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Size/Endpoint Termination
Hyper-Complex Feature Detector Cellsin Higher-Order Species
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Movement (Bidirectional)
Hyper-Complex Feature Detector Cellsin Higher-Order Species
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Angle
Higher-Level Feature Detector Cellsin Higher-Order Species
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Higher-Level Feature Detector Cellsin Higher-Order Species
Physiology
Features
Patterns
http://flickr.com/photos/crowolf/205180735/ The Monkey Paw by John “Jay” Glenn, under CC License
Higher-Level Feature Detector Cellsin Higher-Order Species
Physiology
Features
Patterns
(Lindsay & Norman 1977, p.250)
Building UpComplex Feature Detectors
Ganglion & Bipolar Cells
Simple Feature Detectors
Complex Feature Detectors
Hyper-Complex Feature Detectors
Higher-Level Feature Detectors
http://flickr.com/photos/residae/386508456/ Father of the Eye by Desirae, under CC license
Physiology
Features
Patterns
COGNITIVE FEATURE DETECTION
Features and GroupingGeon Theory
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Features and Objects
Physiological NystagmusJiggly Eye Movements
Physiology
Features
Patternshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Optokinetic_nystagmus.gif Available under GNU Free Documentation License,http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:GNU_Free_Documentation_License
(Verheijen 1961 in Lindsay & Norman 1977)
Physiological NystagmusJiggly Eye Movements
Physiology
Features
Patterns
(Dodwell 1970, p.188)
Physiological NystagmusJiggly Eye Movements
(Lindsay & Norman 1977, p.40-44)
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Segmental Image Loss
(From R.M. Pritchard, Scientific American, 1961 in Lindsay & Norman 1977)
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Object Segmentation into Features
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Feature Classes
Biederman (1995)
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Feature Relation
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Geons
Biederman (1995)
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Geons to Scenes
Biederman (1995)
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Features
Sensory InputPhysiological FeaturesSimpleComplexHypercomplexHigher-LevelFeature Classes + Feature RelationsObject SegmentsObjects
PATTERN RECOGNITIONPandemonium Revisited
Physiology
Features
Patterns
Evidence and Consequences of Feature Detection in The Visual Pattern Recognition of Reading by Taylor J. Meek is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License.These original publications may be accessed electronically from: http://www.lingnik.com/visual-pattern-recognition