Teacher Created Resources, Inc.6421 Industry Way

Westminster, CA 92683www.teachercreated.com

ISBN: 978-0-7439-3799-3©1995 Teacher Created Resources, Inc.

Reprinted, 2010Made in U.S.A.

The classroom teacher may reproduce copies of materials in this book for classroom use only. The reproduction of any part for an entire school or school system is strictly prohibited. No part of this publication may be transmitted, stored, or recorded in any form without written permission from the publisher.

EditorsDona Herweck Rice

Walter Kelly, M.A.

Editorial Project ManagersEvan D. Forbes, M.S. Ed.

Ina Massler Levin, M.A.

Editor-in-ChiefSharon Coan, M.S. Ed.

IllustratorsAgi Palinay

Johanna Hornbostel

Cover ArtistTony Carrillo

Art DirectorCJae Froshay

ImagingHillary Merriman

James Edward Grace

MappingMapping Specialists Limited

Product ManagerPhil Garcia

Contributions and ResearchJohanna Hornbostel

Publisher

Mary D. Smith, M.S. Ed. Author Richard Rayburn

Grades 5-8

Table of ContentsBefore You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Basic Geography Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

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Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Physical Geography . . . . . . . . . . . .10Physical Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Rivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Mountains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13Bodies of Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14Deserts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18Products and Resources . . . . . . . . .19

Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Human Geography . . . . . . . . . . . . .22Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23Cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25Religions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26Traditional Clothing . . . . . . . . . . . .27African Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28Reporting About Africa . . . . . . . . .29

Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52Physical Geography . . . . . . . . . . . .54Physical Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55Rivers, Bays, and Harbors . . . . . . .56Mountains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57Bodies of Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58Deserts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62Products and Resources . . . . . . . . .63

Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64Animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65Human Geography . . . . . . . . . . . . .66Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67Cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69Religions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70Traditional Clothing . . . . . . . . . . . .71The Great Barrier Reef . . . . . . . . . .72Islands, Islands Everywhere . . . . . .73

Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30Physical Geography . . . . . . . . . . . .32Physical Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33Rivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34Mountains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35Bodies of Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36Deserts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40Products and Resources . . . . . . . . .41

Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42Animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43Human Geography . . . . . . . . . . . . .44Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45Cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47Religions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48Traditional Clothing . . . . . . . . . . . .49The Great Wall of China . . . . . . . .50Salt Lakes or Seas? . . . . . . . . . . . .51

Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74Physical Geography . . . . . . . . . . . .76Physical Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77Rivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78Mountains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79Bodies of Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80The Arid Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84Products and Resources . . . . . . . . .85

Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86Animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87Human Geography . . . . . . . . . . . . .88Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89Cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91Religions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92Traditional Clothing . . . . . . . . . . . .93European Vacation . . . . . . . . . . . . .94Flags and Coats of Arms . . . . . . . .95

Africa

Asia

Australia and Oceania

Europe

Table of Contents (cont.)

World Geography Game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152

Idea Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161

World and Ocean Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163

Answer Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168

Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174

Bibliography of Realted Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175

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Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96Physical Geography . . . . . . . . . . . .98Physical Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99Rivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100Mountains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101Bodies of Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102Deserts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106Products and Resources . . . . . . . .107

Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108Animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109Human Geography . . . . . . . . . . . .110Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111Cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113Religions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114Traditional Clothing . . . . . . . . . . .115North American Mountains . . . . .116North American Holidays . . . . . .117

Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118Physical Geography . . . . . . . . . . .120Physical Features . . . . . . . . . . . . .121Rivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122Mountains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123Bodies of Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124Deserts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128Products and Resources . . . . . . . .129

Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130Animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131Human Geography . . . . . . . . . . . .132Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133Cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134Languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135Religions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136Traditional Clothing . . . . . . . . . . .137South American Biomes . . . . . . . .138Carnival Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139

Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140Physical Geography . . . . . . . . . . .142Physical Features . . . . . . . . . . . . .143Mountains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144Seas and Ice Shelves . . . . . . . . . .145

Lands and Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . .147Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148Animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149A Land of Glaciers . . . . . . . . . . . .150Race to the Pole . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

North America

South America

Antarctica

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Physical Map of Africa

Physical Geography of AfricaLocation: Africa is located in the easternhemisphere. It is south of Europe and southwest ofAsia. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea tothe north, the Red Sea to the northeast, the IndianOcean to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean to thewest. Approximately two-thirds of the continent islocated in the northern hemisphere and a third inthe southern hemisphere.

Size: Africa is approximately 11,700,000 square miles (30,300,000 km 2) in area, which makes it alittle more than three times the size of the United States. It is the second lar gest continent after Asia.The greatest distance from south to north is about 5,000 miles (8,000 km) and from east to west 4,700miles (7,600 km). The highest point of the continent is the summit of Mount Kilimanjaro 19,340 ft.(5,895 m). The lowest point is Lake Assal, which is 509 feet (155 m) below sea level.

Climate: The climate throughout Africa is generally warm to hot. In most parts of Africa thedifference between day and night temperatures is greater than the dif ference between summer andwinter temperatures.

Precipitation varies greatly on the continent. Most of the heaviest rainfall occurs in central Africa.Snow falls in the higher elevations. In the northern and southern regions, rainfall is limited.

Landforms: Africa is basically a gigantic plateau. The three dominant landforms on this plateau aredeserts, grasslands, and tropical rain forests.

The largest and most famous desert in Africa is the Sahara. It extends across northern Africa about3,500 miles (5,600 km), a distance greater than that between Los Angeles and New Y ork. In the south,the principal deserts are the Namib and Kalahari. T ogether, deserts cover about two-fifths of Africa.

Grasslands, or savannahs, also cover about two-fifths of Africa. Most of these grasslands are locatedbetween desert areas and the tropical rain forests.

Tropical rain forests make up about one-fifth of the continent. The lar gest area of rain forest is locatedin central Africa, although some can also be found in the southeast and on the island of Madagascar .

There are two important river basins in Africa. One is along the Nile River in the northeastern cornerof the continent. The Nile is the longest river in the world. The other basin is the huge Congo Basinin central Africa, which includes the Congo River and its tributaries.

The longest fresh-water lake in the world, Lake T anganyika, is located in eastern Africa, as is LakeVictoria, the world’s third largest lake.

The major mountain ranges of Africa are in the extreme northwest and in the east. In the northwest arethe Atlas Mountains. In the east are many high mountains, including Mount Kilimanjaro, the highestpeak in Africa.

Many islands are part of Africa, including one of the lar gest in the world, Madagascar.

One interesting feature of the continent is the Great Rift V alley. It runs north to south for hundreds ofmiles (km) in the eastern region of the continent. This feature is actually many steep-sided valleysformed by cracks in the earth’s surface.#3799 World Geography 10 ©Teacher Created Resources, Inc.

Name ____________________________________________________ Date ____________________

Physical Features of AfricaSome major features of Africa are labeled with letters on the map. Match the letters to the names ofthe features listed below.

_______ 1. Atlas Mountains _________ 9. Mediterranean Sea_______ 2. Cape of Good Hope _________10. Mozambique Channel_______ 3. Congo Basin _________ 11. Niger River_______ 4. Ethiopia Highlands _________12. Nile River_______ 5. Gulf of Guinea _________13. Red Sea_______ 6. Kalahari Desert _________14. Sahara_______ 7. Lake Victoria _________15. Somali Peninsula_______ 8. Madagascar

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Name ____________________________________________________ Date ____________________

Rivers of Africa

________ 1. Blue Nile—The source of this river is inEthiopia. It flows northwestward until itempties into the Nile River in Sudan.

________ 2. Congo River—Located in central Africa,this is the fifth longest river in the world.Its source is in Zaire, and on its journey tothe Atlantic Ocean it forms part of the borderbetween that country and Congo.

________ 3. Cunene River—This river rises in Angola,flows south to that country’s border withNamibia, and then turns west to flow into theAtlantic Ocean.

________ 4. Kasai River—This river begins in Angola. It does not empty into an ocean. Instead, it flowsthrough Zaire until it meets the Congo River .

________ 5. Niger River—On its way to the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean, this river flows in a greatloop for about 2,600 miles (4,160 km). Before it reaches the sea, it spreads out to form thelargest delta in Africa.

________ 6. Nile River—This is the longest river in the world. It flows northward for more than 4,100miles (6,560 km) through countries in northeast Africa. After spreading out to form a hugedelta it flows into the Mediterranean Sea.

________ 7. Orange River—For most of its journey towards the Atlantic Ocean, this river flows through thecountry of South Africa. Its source, however , is in the country of Lesotho.

________ 8. Senegal River—This river rises in the country of Guinea in west Africa. It flows mostlynorthwest through Mali and between Mauritania and Senegal.

________ 9. Ubangi River—As it flows towards the Congo River , this river forms the boundary between theCentral African Republic and Zaire and Congo and Zaire.

________10. Zambezi River—This river’s westward journey is about 1,600 miles (2,560 km) long. Alongits length is beautiful Victoria Falls. It empties into the Mozambique Channel in the IndianOcean.

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Use the clues tohelp you matchthe letters on themap to the correctnames.