tdsat international seminar on dispute resolution 29-30 october 2004 new delhi, india susan schorr,...
TRANSCRIPT
TDSAT INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON DISPUTE RESOLUTION
29-30 October 2004New Delhi, India
Susan Schorr, Regulatory OfficerTelecommunication Development Bureau (BDT)
The Evolving The Evolving Scenario in the Scenario in the
TelecommunicatiTelecommunications Sectorons Sector Impact on Impact on
Nature Nature of Disputes and of Disputes and
Response Response MechanismsMechanisms
The Telecommunications Sector The Telecommunications Sector has become the ICT Sectorhas become the ICT Sector
• Plain old telecom services being replaced by bouquet of voice, data, broadband Internet and multimedia services
• Copper networks refitted as ADSL broadband networks
• CATV compete head-to-head with copper• Voice traffic shifting to VoIP• Wireless broadband key to developing
countries
Revenues from public switched telephone, Revenues from public switched telephone, cellular mobile and other telecommunication cellular mobile and other telecommunication networks worldwide, 1993-2003 and 2003, in networks worldwide, 1993-2003 and 2003, in
current USD billionscurrent USD billions
0
200
400
600
800
1'000
1'200
1993 95 97 99 01 2003
Global service revenue trends, in current US$ billions
Domestic fixed telephone
International fixed telephone
Mobile
Data and other
Global service revenues, 2003 Total = US$1.1 trillion
Domestic fixed
telephone, 38.9%
Int'l fixed, telephone,
4.4%
Mobile, 37.7%
Data and other, 19.1%
Source: ITU World Telecommunication Indicators Database
Ownership Status of the Incumbent Ownership Status of the Incumbent OperatorOperator
Source: ITU World Telecommunication Regulatory Database
from 1991 to 2004
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1991 1993 1995 1999 2001 2004
Private State-ownedCountries
74%
53%
42%
43%
Americas
Asia-Pacific
Africa
Arab States
Privatization by region, percentage, mid 2004
102 million broadband subscribers by 102 million broadband subscribers by end 2003end 2003
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Broadband subscribers w orldw ide , million
0.56%1.25%
3.96%
7.33%
15.3%
11.2%
Broadband subscribers as a
percentage of Internet users
Source: ITU Internet Reports 2004 “The Portable Internet”
Broadband networksBroadband networks
• Phone linesPhone lines• Coaxial cablesCoaxial cables• Fibre optic cablesFibre optic cables• Power linesPower lines• WirelessWireless
“While most current broadband networks are based on copper lines, fibre optic and wireless technologies are the broadband of the future”
Source: ITU World Telecommunication Indicators Database
Broadband subscribers wordwide, 2003. Total = 102 million
DSL, 57.5%
Cable modem, 37.0%
Other broadband, 5.5%
Other” broadband includes fibre to the home, WiFi, Metro Ethernet,Fixed Wireless Access, Satellite, etc.
Broadband’s fast growthBroadband’s fast growth
“Broadband access has quietly grown faster than mobile phones in their early stages”
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4
Broadband (1999-2002)
Mobile (1989-1992)
Broadband and mobile growth, millions, world
Source: ITU World Telecommunication Indicators Database
ICT Sector Increasingly Dominated ICT Sector Increasingly Dominated by Wireless Technologiesby Wireless Technologies
• ICT sector dominated by mobile cellular
• Advent of 3G services
• New fixed wireless broadband technologies like Wi-Fi and Wi-MAX on the rise
All these changes require a new regulatory framework
ICT Users Worldwide 1991–mid ICT Users Worldwide 1991–mid
20042004 Telephone and Internet Users
World, Millions
0
500
1'000
1'500
2'000
1991 94 97 2000 03
Fixed-line
Mobile
Internet users
Source: ITU World Telecommunication Indicators Database
Cellular mobile usersCellular mobile users mmid-2004 and mobile id-2004 and mobile users added 2000-mid 2004; number of users added 2000-mid 2004; number of
Internet users 2003, and new Internet users Internet users 2003, and new Internet users added, 2000-2003added, 2000-2003
44.0%21.5%
56.0%78.5%
Mid-2004 Installedbase
New subscribersadded, 2000-Mid
2004Cellular mobile subscribers
Developing
Developed
1.48 billion 739 million
60.9%
33.8%
39.1%
66.2%
2003 Installedbase
New usersadded, 2000-
2003Internet Users
Developing
Developed
691 million 332 million
Source: ITU World Telecommunication Indicators Database
Level of competition in Level of competition in selected services world, 2004selected services world, 2004
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Basicservices
Leased lines Wirelesslocal loop
Cellular Cable TV VSAT ISPs
Monopoly Competition
Source: ITU World Telecommunication Regulatory Database
MalaysiaMalaysia
Licenses under the old regime
Licensing under the new regime
Licensing Category Individual Licence Class Licence Exempt/Unlicensed
1. Domestic Network Operators2. International Network Operators3.Cellular/Personal Communications Services4. CT2 / Telepoint Service5. Financial Electronic Transaction6. Paging Services7. Trunk Radio System8. Radio Maritime Service9. Mobile Satellite Services10. Telecommunications Satellite Network Services11. Very Small Aperture Terminal Services12. Radio Location Services13. Satellite Broadcasting Services14. Mobile Data Services15. Mobile Radiocommunications Services16. Private Information Services17. Public Electronic Data Interchange Services18. Value Added Network Data Services19. Value Added Services (Premium Rate)20. Telecommunications Personal Services21. Public Internet Kiosk Services22. Internet Service Providers23. Power Line Carriers24. Payphone & Public Facsimile Services25. Wireless Video Communications Network26. Private Telecommunications Network27. Common Subscriber Directory Services28. Community Interactive Multimedia Services29. Amateur Satellite30. Broadcasters - Radio31. Broadcasters – Television
Network Facility Provider
Earth StationsFixed links and cables
Public payphone facilitiesRadiocommunications transmitters and links
Satellite hubsSatellite control station
Space stationSubmarine cable landing
centreSwitching centre
Towers, poles, ducts and pits used in conjunction with other
network facilities
Niche or limited purpose network facilities
Broadcasting and production studiosIncidental network facilities
Private network facilities
Network Service Provider
Bandwidth servicesBroadcasting distribution
servicesCellular mobile services
Access applications serviceSpace service
Niche customer accessNiche connection service
Incidental network servicesLAN services
Private network servicesRouter
Internetworking
Applications Service Provider
PSTNPublic cellular services
IP telephonyPublic payphone service
Public switched data service
Audiotext hosting services provided on an opt-in basis
Directory servicesInternet access services
Messaging services
Electronic transaction serviceInteractive transaction service
Networked advertising boards and Cineplex
Web hosting or client server
Content Applications Service Provider
Satellite broadcasting subscription
Broadcasting Terrestrial free to air TV
Terrestrial radio broadcasting
Not issued Internet content applications services
Other Regulatory TrendsOther Regulatory Trends
• Freeing spectrum for use by ever growing numbers of wireless devices
• Authorizing greater use of VoIP
• Considering regulation of VoIP
• Combating Spam
Impact of Technological, Market Impact of Technological, Market and Regulatory Developments on and Regulatory Developments on
DisputesDisputes• Embracing technology and service neutral
licenses should reduce disputes about market entry into specific markets
• Technology neutral regulation = greater liberalization
• Further liberalization creates new market players and grants rights to these new players that did not exist before.
• Granting of new rights inevitably leads to new disputes as new interests clash with traditional ones
Spam GrowthSpam Growth
8%
32%
48%
65%
June '01 June '02 June '03 June '04
Spam as a percentage of all email worldwide (Brightmail)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Nov'03
Dec Jan'04
Feb Apr Mar May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct'04
Spam as a percentage of all email worldwide (MessageLabs)
Trends: Trends: National Regulatory National Regulatory Authorities WorldwideAuthorities Worldwide and and
Percentage per RegionPercentage per Region
Source: ITU World Telecommunication Regulatory Database.
14 1727 31 34
43
56
75
8694
106
117
132Regulatory agencies, world (cumulative)
50%
48%
73%
81%
88%
Asia-Pacific
Arab States
Europe
Africa
Americas
Percentage of regulators in each region
Mechanisms to resolve interconnection Mechanisms to resolve interconnection disputes, sanctions powerdisputes, sanctions power
Mechanisms used for resolution of interconnection disputes
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Arbitration
Mediation/conciliation
Expert determination
Administrative adjudication
Courts/litigation
Percent of countries using mechanism
Percentage of countries where the Regulatory Authority can impose the specified sanctions/penalties
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Other sanctions
Additional licence obligations
Modification of licence
Licence suspension
Licence revocation
Monetary fines
Percentage of countries
Overturning decision of national regulatory Overturning decision of national regulatory authorityauthority
Which entities can overturn the decisions of the National Regulatory Authority, by percentage of
countries, world
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Other
No one
Competition Authority
Sector complaint body
The Judiciary
The Sector Ministry
Percentage of Regulators worldwide Percentage of Regulators worldwide responsible for consumer issuesresponsible for consumer issues
87%
59%
82%
59%
76%
Consumercomplaints
Provision ofcomparative tariff
information
Informingconsumers of
their rights
Representingconsumers
Promotingconsumer
participation
http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg/http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg/
Thank You!Thank You!
Susan Schorr
Regulatory Officer
ITU/BDT/Regulatory Reform Unit
+41 22 730 5638