Teacher: Cheng-Ho Chen

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IntroductionMaterialsExperimentalResults and discussionConclusions

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During the last twenty years, not only in the academia but also in the industry clay polymer nanocomposites (CPN) have attracted significant interest.

Nanocomposites provide a significant improvement in polymer properties such as modulus,strength, and heat resistance, when compared to conventional composites.

Montmorillonite can significantly improve thermal stability and mechanical properties when dispersed in a polymer matrix with a low content. In general, there are two nanostructures in Mt/PP nanocomposites.

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They intercalated octadecyl amine ethoxylate ether (A), which has two poly(ethylene oxide) segments, into the interlayer space of Mt, and the modified Mt was used to prepare Mt/PP nanocomposites by a melt blending technique with and without maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PPg).

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Polypropylene, PP [-CH2CH(CH3)-]n

Ca2+-montmorillonite , Ca2+-Mt

Octadecyl trimethylammonium chloride

Octadecyl amine ethoxylate ether

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The surfactant A (50 g) was first dissolved in water till a limpid solution was obtained and then Ca2+-Mt (50 g) were added to this surfactant solution.

The AMt dispersion was heated at 60 °C under vigorous stirring.

The A/Ca2+-Mt (AMt) hybrids were dried in a 60 °C oven for several days and then pulverized. The power was sieved by passing though a 200-mesh stainless steel sifter.

A/OMt (AOMt) hybrids were prepared in the same way.

AMt or AOMt hybrids were added with 1–5 parts per hundred parts of PP (phr) by weight, then extruded by a general three-section twin-screw extruder (D=20 mm, L/D=40).

Screw speed was set at 200 rpm and the temperatures were 175 °C, 190 °C, and 190 °C for each section of the barrel and 185 °C for the die.

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Before analysis by FTIR and TGA, all samples were extracted by boiling xylene for 72 h in order to get rid of free octadecyl amine ethoxylate ether component.

Results and discussion

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2923cm-1 、 2851cm-1

:C-H

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N-H…O

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Fig. 4. TEM micrographs of Mt/PP nanocomposites: (a) and (b), PP/AMt (100/5); (c) and (d),

PP/PPg/AMt (90/10/5); (e) and (f), PP/AOMt (100/5); (g) and (h), PP/PPg/AOMt (90/10/5).

PP/AMt (100/5)

PP/PPg/AMt (90/10/5)

PP/AOMt (100/5)

PP/PPg/AOMt (90/10/5)

1.83nm

1.83nm 3.73nm4.21nm

1.80nm 1.80nm 3.88nm 4.28nm

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PP/AMt (100/5)

PP/PPg/AMt (90/10/5)

PP/AOMt (100/5)

PP/PPg/AOMt (90/10/5)

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PP/AMt

PP/PPg/AOMtPP/PPg/AMt

PP/AOMt

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As observed by XRD and TEM analysis, Mt/PP nanocomposites were successfully prepared by melt blending technique using different contents of Mt modified by polyether with and without compatibilizer PPg.

The modified Mt polyether in PP matrix led to a significant reduction of melt viscosity and enhancement in Izod-notched impact strength and elongation at break.

The Izod-notched impact strength and elongation at break of Mt/PP nanocomposites were 1.95 and 2.77 times as high as those of pure PP. The tensile strength was also improved in the presence of PPg.

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Thanks for your attentionThanks for your attention

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