Teaching models

Teaching models

Main function of a teaching modelTo provide guidance to teacher the essential procedures in teaching so that to enable them to plan & carry out teaching process effectively.To formulate a complete & perfect teaching scheme- as reference during the study or evaluation of a certain teaching process.To use as basic guidance for reflection during feedback session, to analyze & evaluate its strengths & weaknesses - plan & implement appropriate follow-up actions.

TYPES OF TEACHING MODELInformation Processing ModelBehavioral modelSocial modelPersonal model

Information Processing ModelFocuses on our natural instincts through: (I) sensitivity to the problem (ii) the acquisition and compilation of information (iii) ways of generating appropriate solutions (iv) expansion of the concept

TEACHING CONCEPTSThis model is based on the study Bruner, Goodnow and Austin.- Designed to increase student competence.- Developed the concepts.- Show how effective presentation of information been done- Shows the presentation and explanation of the concept (inquiry and ekspositori)

InquiryPupils will be involved in the reasoning processTo sharpen the skills to question and make conclusions, and develop and test concepts and hypotheses.Significant use of science learning.Example: students collect data, review the hypotheses and theories, and to reflect on the formation of knowledge arising

EKSPOSITORYa clear and detailed.information or content directly to students in the class.method: story-telling, describes, a demonstration

Among the works:explain, interpret and explain ideas and concepts from the textbooks.explained while demonstrating how to draw or construct geometric shapes.describe the steps of problem solving the elaboration of a concept of teaching aids.

IMPLICATION on T & LTeachers can explain concepts orally while writing important facts.Teachers can save time when teaching.Only used to deliver lessons in the development stage of teaching only. If not, this will be a lecture.4. Effective method in the delivery of skills, concepts and principles of mathematics, science and so on.

BEHAVIORAL MODELKnown as mastery learning.Based on the classic experiment Pavlov, Thorndike and Watson .To ensure that students are able to control what is taught is effective and achieving outcomes.

Directed TeachingStep:Identify the learning outcomes to be achieved.Stimulate students' interest in what will be presented.Review of previous knowledge and skills to be mastered in order to facilitate their understanding.

Review the practice through a quiz that will be answer by students.Give feedback on the correctly answer, and teach the specific skills if necessary.Give homework to reinforce their understanding further.

Mastery LearningTeacher:Ensure that students have the skills required before they can be developed into the following units.Do the task analysis so thatmore prepared

Stated learning outcomes before planning appropriate learning activities.Provides a variety of teaching materials for teaching the subjects of any unit which is necessary.Provide various forms of tests for each unit

Implication Behavioural ModelTeachers to obtain a collection of models as a guide.For experienced teachers, they are encouraged to obtain additional models from time to timeTeachers can incorporate models of the different models in teaching.Effective teachers need to master some models and sharpen up the existing and newly added to the list.

Social ModelAccording to social theorists, not only stimulates the cooperative behavior of the students socially, but intellectually. Therefore teachers need to work p & p I need social interaction to achieve the goal.When the students work together to accomplish a task, they will be more able to generate energy in the form of collective known as synergy.Positive school culture can develop ways to integrate and productive interaction.

Social ModelCOOPERATIVESIMULATIONRole Play

COOPERATIVEFocuses on developing concepts and skills through teamwork.In addition to improving social skills and solidarity between members of the group, cooperative learning has an impact on academic achievement and self-esteem of pupils concerned.Students learn together to acquire information, ideas and skills that are important in addition to thinking about ways of solving the problem.They can compete with each other in a conducive environment

ROLE PLAYINGHelp students to understand social behavior, their role in social interaction and ways to solve problems effectively.Help them to collect and manage information about social issues, develop empathy for others, and increase their social skills.Play-acting the role of the characters based on a situation that has been identified. With the students more aware of social problems that arise in daily life.

Simulation Combining information about a skill through demonstration, practice and specialized training to successfully by our students.builds on the description of the actual situation where we create a similar situation to real life situation in teaching.can help our students to see the actual object representation.

This model holds an individual element.Look at the different perspectives based on experience, the environment and their interpersonal relationships.This model attempted to develop education that allows us to better understand ourselves, taking responsibility for our educationto achieve next level of development far exceed the maximum level to the better quality of life

This model emphasizes the nature of individual perspective and encourage a productive self-reliance in order to increase self-awareness and responsibility for their fate.By increasing their personal qualities and feelings and create a teaching and learning environment based on effective communicationWith use synectics to add their creativity Class meetings to build community learning

Synectics

This model is designed to teach problem solving skills, writing and other fields.Our students will follow a series of workshops so that they are able to apply specific procedures in individual and cooperative group.Through brainstorming I used, students will be creative and be free from shackles of rigid thinkingConsequently, they will acquire a framework of thinking and new perspectives.Nurturing and affection rapo each other and encourage active participation.

TEACHING APPROACH

The way of how a certain subject or lesson should be taught in order to attain its objectiveApproaches:Concrete to AbstractSimple to complexNear to farDeductive approachInductive approachIntegrated approach

AppoarchIntegratedInductiveDeductiveelective

TEACHING APPROACHInductive ApproachSpecificExampleTo observe, study,ascertain, interpretDerive generalization, concept,principle or law

Gold fish,Carp, shark,tadpoleUse gills to breatheFish & other creatures live in water use gills to breath

TEACHING APPROACH

Deductive MethodExisting formula

ApplyDerive

blArea of rectangle= l x b

Area of triangle= l x b 2

Area of triangle= 1 x l x b 2

TEACHING APPROACHINDUCTIVE + DEDUCTIVE = ECLECTIC APPROACH

a x b = b x a

Application 10 x 5= 5 x 10= 50a) Mathematics

2 x 3 = 63 x 2 = 66 x 7 = 427 x 6 = 42

TEACHING APPROACHb) ScienceFishCatBirdFrog

Animals withbackbone

VertebrateApplication:DuckHenGoatCow

IntegrativeStimulate students to use basic skills, understanding the relationship between academic disciplines, appreciation of diversity elements and productive working toward the same goalsRequire them to think, synthesize and respond

Student centered strategyActive learning- cooperativeThe teacher's role as facilitatorPriority to basic skills 3ROpportunities for team work - appreciate the diversity and individual differencesuse of Technology

ThematicEarly childhood educationAccording to the theme are included in the curriculum

StrategyTeacher centeredPupil enteredMaterial based Task based

Teacher Centered StrategyTeachers with master and controlFeatures: -Pupils act as a spectatorTeachers talk and students hearAutocratic teacherPrioritizing the achievement of teachingDissemination of knowledge is preferredConcerned with the achievement of students through the examinationTeaching technique focuses on rote factsConcerned with methods of organizing the whole classStudents are passive, less creative and no substantive

Pupil CenteredPupils are encouraged to involve themselves activelyTeacher to as the leaderMore time to focus on students' learning activitiesFor example, the method, inquiry findings, discussion, play, etc.

CharacteristicsTeachers as leaders & democratic

Two-way Communication

Prioritize student learning objectives

Development of a comprehensive and balanced students (intellectual, spiritual, social and physical)

Material CenteredThere are two categories - teaching and learning materials

Teachers deliver lessons more easily and attractive, while students can understand the lesson more meaningful and can carry out their own learning

Audio-visual method, demonstration method, etc.

Teachers and students depend on the use of educational materialsCommunication and interactionEmphasizes efficiency education materialsEmphasize the cognitive, physical and spiritualTeaching meaningful, interesting and effectivePositive qualities can be nurtured

Task Based CenteredBased on teaching and learning tasks that planned by teacherAmong the task acting, singing, making models, debates, discussion