teaching strategies
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The Online InstructorThe Online InstructorRoles and Best PracticesRoles and Best Practices
Curriculum Services Associates
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Role of the Instructor
What is the difference in the role of the instructor in online or web-enhanced instruction?
How does this role compare to the role of the traditional classroom teacher?
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Traditional Role
Teacher CenteredLecturesDirects the instructionLeads the lessonsPrompts responsesPaces the class
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Online Teaching Role
Student CenteredFacilitatesPlans the activities, but follows the flow of
conversationFosters collaborative learningMonitors, models, and prompts for student
participation
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Characteristics of the Online Instructor
What are the instructor characteristics, skills, and behaviors that support positive outcomes in web-based or web-enhanced courses (i.e. best practices)?
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Seven Principles of Good Practice
• Encourages Contact Between Students and Faculty
• Develops Reciprocity and Cooperation Among Students
• Encourages Active Learning• Gives Prompt Feedback• Emphasizes Time on Task• Communicates High Expectations• Respects Diverse Talents and Way of Learning
Arthur W. Chickering and Zelda F. Gamson
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Seven Principles of Good Practice
Implementing the Seven Principles Using Technology
Arthur W. Chickering and Stephen C. Ehrmann
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Seven Principles of Good Practice
Encourages Contact Between Students and Faculty
• Student-faculty contact necessary for motivation and involvement
• Easily facilitated with asynchronous and synchronous communication technologies• Threaded discussions• Email• Web conferencing
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Seven Principles of Good Practice
Develops Reciprocity and Cooperation Among Students
• Collaboration and socialization increases involvement in learning• Study groups• Cooperative learning• Group problem solving activities
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Seven Principles of Good Practice
Encourages Active Learning
• Students learn when they communicate about what they are learning, write reflectively about it, and relate it to their own experiences• Communication tools• “Learn by Doing” Activities
• Simulations• Use of the Internet to gather information
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Seven Principles of Good Practice
Gives Prompt Feedback
• Students need opportunities to perform and receive feedback• Communication technologies• Recording and analyzing performance• Electronic portfolios
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Seven Principles of Good Practice
Emphasizes Time on Task
• Effective time management is critical• Technology increases time on task
• Learning fits busy schedules• Erases constraints of time and place• Reduces commuting time• Immediate access to resources• Certain technologies may document time on task
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Seven Principles of Good Practice
Communicates High Expectations
• Setting high expectations become a self-fulfilling prophecy
• Technology can communicate high expectations and present powerful learning challenges• Evaluation criteria may be clearly articulated with
technology
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Seven Principles of Good Practice
Respects Diverse Talents and Way of Learning
• Technologies help students learn in ways they find most effective• Visuals• Print• Virtual experiences• Analysis, synthesis, and evaluation• Collaboration• Group problem solving
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Seven Principles of Good Practice
Advancing the Seven Principles
• Applications of technology that are reliable, accessible, and easy to learn• Low Threshold Applications
• Interactive• Problem oriented• Relevant to real-world issues• Evoke student motivation