Global health

Ek Shathe Shobai:Together, We Are OneStrategies for Partnership in Development and Crisis Management Barguna District Disaster Management Committee (DDMC), Bangladesh

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Barguna DistrictCulture: Muslim, family-centric, respect for eldersDemographics:41% Literacy rateAgrarian societyVulnerabilities:Alluvial floodplain3-year cyclone cycleHigh water salinity affecting crops

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Integrated ApproachEvery dollar spent on disaster preparedness saves ten dollars on disaster response.

Partnership within leadershipMutual respect and transparency SustainabilityStrengthening and empowering local capacitiesRaising a generation of trained responders

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Four-Pillar Plan

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Four-Pillar Plan

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Community Structure

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COMMUNITY PREPAREDNESSDevelop disaster response protocol modelsWork with elders to tailor to local needsTrain elders and CSVs in disaster protocolSimple, reproducible principles

Do we need/have a short term community slide? *

COMMUNITY PREPAREDNESSWarning systemRadios and cell phonesElders respond to national warnings and coordinate CSVCSVs activate emergency plan and mobilizationEmergency drillsStrengthen transportation infrastructure

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Four-Pillar Plan

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Mauza

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Fortify temporary housingDistribute building materials: jutin, bricks, cement, bamboo, woodCommunity CentersStorm shelter Food distributionCommunity education and training

HOUSING

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HOUSINGBuild durable housingRecruit, train, and employ local laborersUse of locally produced and manufactured materialsBuild storage facilities/ livestock sheltersNon-emergency use: storage for farm equipment and medicinesEmergency use: livestock shelters

Phase 1: Community center/ Storm shelter In non-emergent situation, serves as a community center, office space for local leaders and storage facilityIn emergent situation, serves as temporary housing, food distribution, town hallPhase 2: Work with NGOs to develop durable Supplement NGO funding for temporary shelters to instead build long term durable housingPhase 3: Focusing on training for maintenance and repair for localWorking with government to expedite the land tenure processIn the meantime we can do land leasing process*

HOUSINGDevelop storm barriersMangrove and coconut treesAt river banks, delta mouth, and around communitiesLand rightsEquivalent to social status and powerWork with government and community elders Modify legal structure surrounding land tenure

Risk reduction of cyclone damage (wind and water)Goal: By using plants as a natural barrierStricter deforestation lawsExamples: Shrubs and trees that are able to grow in brackish waterNative plants grow best thereTreesCoconut and Mangrove: can get food from bothSabal palmeto trees: good for growing along roads because dont take up much spaceOne group mapped out 125 km of coastal barriers of 5,000 treesShrubsGrasses: Pearl millet (Bahra), does not need replanting and grows quick *

Four-Pillar Plan

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JutinLocally abundant resourceCheap, durable construction materialEarly-Maturing, Saline-tolerant RiceHarvested before flooding can wipe out cropAble to grow in high salt conditions

LIVELIHOOD

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LIVELIHOODDIVERSIFICATION:GardeningSaline-tolerant crops include spinach, tomato, okraChickensLow maintenance, yield eggs and poultry meatBeesProduces a variety of honey and wax productsSeafood Dyke cropping: Fish-rearing in symbiosis with rice

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LIVELIHOODMicrofinancePartner with local Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation for microcreditHelp locals establish business plansStorage and SaleStorage for use during disaster Establishing mechanism for sale of products to neighboring communities and export

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Four-Pillar Plan

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Clean waterTesting and removal of arsenic from ground waterClay pot filtersDistribution of plastic rain barrels for storageEducationHand washing hygieneLatrine maintenance

WATER & SANITATION

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WellsTube wellsTest water qualityLatrinesWomens privacyWater catchmentPond sand filters

WATER & SANITATION

In water.. How about now we teach how to construct their own rain barrels?

Arsenic water filtersLatrinesOne per 20people/4 familiesDistance from house needs to be between 6 and 15 metersDrainage system in place that locals know how to use and fixKits ($) for making them and upkeeping themFenced in for womens privacy1 or 2 latrines per sector so that families are responsible for cleaning themPeriphery of villageDimensions: Build on a platform Latrines: 2 feet flood levelWellstube well bases 3-4 feet above ground)Trained caretakers for routine repair and maintenance Emergency wells dug 30-40 meters (4-5 men) can make 5 wells per weekWater tested for arsenic freeThink ahead and store water!!!!!!!!!! Tank should contain enough 15L per person per day15 to 20 feet away from nearest latrine10 to 15 meters deep and needs a filter*

WATER & SANITATION

Adherence to sanitation protocolMonitor potential health risksFlood Zone planningMinimizing overcrowding Health training and suppliesRehydration salts

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Four-Pillar Plan

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BudgetHousing: $12,594,300LivelihoodExpenditure: $5,310,000Projected 5 year income: $5,060,000Community Preparedness: $1,955,000Water and Sanitation: $1,108,500

Grand Total Spent: $20,967,800Grand Total Income Generated: $5,060,000

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EvaluationMeasurable outcomesSubjective: informal discussions and focus groupsObjective: standard metrics for economic, health, and water qualityChallengesSolution

Experts do a subjective look at the situationTalking to people, discussion, focus groupsQuantifiable ways of looking at itMangroveChickensHow many CSVs have been trainedHow many people have been trained/practiced/drillsTriangulateQuantifiable outcomesEvaluation post eventHave a baseline from previous disaster, how things went/how went wrong, pre and post interventionUse UN metricsChallenges: indirect culture and people might say things to say, so beware of how you frame questions so people can feel comfortable saying yes*

ConclusionsPartnership AdaptabilityPreventionSustainability

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*Do we need/have a short term community slide? *

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Phase 1: Community center/ Storm shelter In non-emergent situation, serves as a community center, office space for local leaders and storage facilityIn emergent situation, serves as temporary housing, food distribution, town hallPhase 2: Work with NGOs to develop durable Supplement NGO funding for temporary shelters to instead build long term durable housingPhase 3: Focusing on training for maintenance and repair for localWorking with government to expedite the land tenure processIn the meantime we can do land leasing process*Risk reduction of cyclone damage (wind and water)Goal: By using plants as a natural barrierStricter deforestation lawsExamples: Shrubs and trees that are able to grow in brackish waterNative plants grow best thereTreesCoconut and Mangrove: can get food from bothSabal palmeto trees: good for growing along roads because dont take up much spaceOne group mapped out 125 km of coastal barriers of 5,000 treesShrubsGrasses: Pearl millet (Bahra), does not need replanting and grows quick *

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*In water.. How about now we teach how to construct their own rain barrels?

Arsenic water filtersLatrinesOne per 20people/4 familiesDistance from house needs to be between 6 and 15 metersDrainage system in place that locals know how to use and fixKits ($) for making them and upkeeping themFenced in for womens privacy1 or 2 latrines per sector so that families are responsible for cleaning themPeriphery of villageDimensions: Build on a platform Latrines: 2 feet flood levelWellstube well bases 3-4 feet above ground)Trained caretakers for routine repair and maintenance Emergency wells dug 30-40 meters (4-5 men) can make 5 wells per weekWater tested for arsenic freeThink ahead and store water!!!!!!!!!! Tank should contain enough 15L per person per day15 to 20 feet away from nearest latrine10 to 15 meters deep and needs a filter*

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*Experts do a subjective look at the situationTalking to people, discussion, focus groupsQuantifiable ways of looking at itMangroveChickensHow many CSVs have been trainedHow many people have been trained/practiced/drillsTriangulateQuantifiable outcomesEvaluation post eventHave a baseline from previous disaster, how things went/how went wrong, pre and post interventionUse UN metricsChallenges: indirect culture and people might say things to say, so beware of how you frame questions so people can feel comfortable saying yes*

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