team 28 (s.p.o.c.) solar power optimized cart. team members cameron boozarjomehri computer...
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TEAM 28 (S.P.O.C.)Solar Power Optimized Cart
TEAM MEMBERS
Cameron Boozarjomehri
Computer Engineer
Team Leader
Jacob Bitterman
Electrical Engineer
Hardware Lead (Leader of away team)
William Ellett
Computer Engineer
Software Lead (redshirt 1)
Zaza Soriano
Team Mentor
Consultant (Supreme Overlord)
Dr. Richie Being a Swell Guy
Sponsor
Duke Energy
MOTIVATION
Desire to work with Solar Technology
Interested in transportation project
Environmental conservation interests
Have an excuse to drive a golf cart to and from campus
CURRENT METHODOLOGY (SEV)►Solar Electric Vehicle
►Gas Power converted to Electric
►Cost: $25,000
CURRENT METHODOLOGY (TESLA SUPERCHARGER)►Solar Power station for the model S
►Electric car using charge stations►Cost: $62,400 (1,170 for Vehicle Dock)►Super Charge station incorporate PV cells (Separate Assembly)
CURRENT METHODOLOGY (UCF ZENN)►Zero Emission No Noise►Electric Car modified with a PV array►Cost: $15,995 (just car, no integrated PV hookup)►Range of 35 Miles
GOALS Electric vehicle
Powered solely by photovoltaic cells
Able to drive as long as possible given adequate sunlight
Able to charge while driving
Vehicle drive modes to control performance Performance mode
Balanced mode
Eco mode
Clearly Demonstrate vehicle information to user Battery life/longevity
Vehicle current mode
Charge time
Range
SPECIFICATIONS
Cart can reach top speeds in excess of 10 miles per hour Considered normal for this model cart
Cart will have parallel charging circuits
Vehicle load capacity of 700lbs (including passengers and all components)
Charge from no energy in 6 hours during optimal sunlight exposure
SPECIFICATION CONT.
Rear panel adjustable with 80º of freedom to optimize solar energy collection
Optimization system that suggests best panel angle to within 5º
User Interface Displays current drive mode (Performance, Balanced, Eco Boost)
Display current maximum range in miles +/- 1 mile
Display speed in mph to nearest 1/10th of a mile
Display energy absorption rate in watts to nearest watt
Battery charge percentage accurate to nearest whole percent
GOALS/SPECIFICATIONS OF DRIVE MODE
All drive modes have emergency shutoff to protect cart components
Drive Mode Performance Balanced Eco Boost
Tuning Favors Speed Behaves Normally Favors Range
Requirements Cart is able to surpass factory restricted top speed
Vehicle operates within standard factory settings
Cart is able to surpass factory specified top range
Performance Targets Cart can go in excess of 14 mph
Cart can travel more than 25 miles between charges
Cart travels as long as possible past 25 miles between charges
Intended Design settings
Vehicle uses both battery and solar panel output to maximize speed and acceleration
Cart uses battery power only for normal cart function
Combines Battery and Panels in parallel, while limiting speed/acceleration to maximize range
OVERALL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Solar Panels
Micro-Controller
MPPT
BluetoothGovernor
/MotorOnboard Display
Batteries
COMPONENT POSITIONING (SIDE)
7’ 9.5”
5’ 7.5”
Solar Panels 5’ 4”
Display
Microcontroller Housing
Battery Housing
*Banana for Scale
COMPONENT POSITIONING (BACK)
Microcontroller Housing
5’ 7.5”
3’ 11”3’
3”
5’ 4”
VEHICLE (GOLF CART)Specs E-Z-GO Freedom-
TXT 36 Volt Electric Golf Cart (2005)
Energy Source Trojan 105h 6Volt Deep Cycle wet battery (x6) DC
Motor 36-volt 4-hp@4400 rpm(can handle up to 48 volts)
Projected Top Speed 20mph
Realistic top speed 10mph
Load Capacity 800 pounds
Price $1,600.00 after tax
PHOTOVOLTAIC OPTIMIZATION
Solar Panels
Micro-Controller
MPPT
BluetoothGovernor
/MotorOnboard Display
Batteries
SOLAR (PHOTOVOLTAIC) PANELSpecs Grape Solar GS-S-
390-TS390-Watt Monocrystalline Solar Panel
Grape Solar GS-S-250-Fab5250-Watt Monocrystalline Solar Panel
Power Film Solar Charger, RV-15-390060-Watt
Rated Power 390W 250 Watts 60 Watts
Watts 341 (PTC) 222.1 (PTC) 54.5 (PTC)
Max Voltage 49.4V 31.7V 15.4V
Cell Efficiency 15.2% 15.4% 10.6%
DimensionsL x W x T
77.2” x 51.5” x 1.57” 64.6” x 39” x 1.57” 80.05” x 26.14”Flexible
Price $969.00 $374.99 $1,382.00
MICROCONTROLLERSpecs MSP430G2xx 16 bit
MicrocontrollerATmega328
Operating Voltage 1.8-3.6V 1.8-5.5V
Flash Memory 56Kbytes 32Kbytes
I/O Pins 14/20 32
Operational Range -40 to 85C -40 to 85C
IDE MSP-EXP430G2 Arduino IDE
Price $12.50 $12.84
MPPT SENSORSSpecs Phidgets RB-Phi-86
Precision Voltage Sensor
AttoPilot Voltge/Current Sense Breakout – 45A(Added to PCB)
Voltage max 40V 51.8V
Current Max N/A 44.7A
Current offset 3.6mA ≈ 0
Easily added to PCB? no yes
DimensionsL x W x T
19mm x 19mm x 4mmApprox.
19mm x 15mm x 4mm
Price $19.00 $19.95 (x2)
MPPT DESIGN
DC-DC converter
DC-DC converter
COMPONENT POSITIONING (BATTERIES)
Thermal Sensors
Thermal Sensors
18 Volts per circuit
BATTERY
Specs Smart Battery 12V 40AH Lithium Ion Battery Kit
Trojan Line Flooded Deep cycle 6V battery(Model T-105)
Voltage 12.8V 6V
Max Capacity 80A-H 225A-H
Weight 46.0lb 62lb
DimensionsL x H x W
7.75” x 6.87” x 6.50” 10.375” x 7.125” x 10.875”
Temperature Range -15 to 70 C -20 to 45 C
Price $672.90 $149.00
ADDITIONAL SENSORSTMP36 – Temperature Sensor
SEN-09088 Mini Photocell
2.7 to 5.5 V 100mW Max Power
10 mV/C Sensitivity 150V Max Voltage
±1 C at -40 to 125C(In battery operational range)
-30 to 70C Responsive range
Dimensions5 x 4 x 3mm13mm lead length
Dimensions2 x 4 x 5mm31mm lead length
$1.50 (x6) $1.50 (x2)
18mm 33mm
DRIVE CIRCUIT
Solar Panels
Micro-Controller
MPPT
BluetoothGovernor
/MotorOnboard Display
Batteries
DRIVE MODESStandard ModeEco Boost ModePerformance Mode
DISPLAY
Solar Panels
Micro-Controller
MPPT
BluetoothGovernor
/MotorOnboard Display
Batteries
COMPONENT POSITIONING (DASH BOARD)
B0 B1
USER DISPLAYSpecs Adafruit Blue
Character OLED 16x2
Adafruit HDMI 4 Pi – 10.1” Display 1280x800 IPS – VGA/NTSC/PAL
Resolution 16 characters x 2 rows
1280x800 pixels
Lighting LED Pixel-based White LED backlight
Required Voltage 3/5V 5-12VDC
Easily added to PCB? no no
DimensionsL x W x D
80mm x 36mm x 10mmApprox.
230mm x 150mm x 5mm
Contrast ratio 2000:1 800:1
Price $27.95 $144.95
USER DISPLAYProgram
start
Display welcome
page
Drive Mode menu
Range menu
B0 B0 Speed menu
B0 Energy menu
B0 Battery charge menu
B0
Display current mode
B0
B1 (change mode)
B1
Display range
B0B1
Speedometer
B0B1
Display energy consumption
B0B1
B0
Display current battery levels
B0B1
PROJECT BUDGETComponent Budgeted
CostActual Cost Difference
Cart $1,999.00 $1,600.00 +$399.00
Battery $0.00 $0.00 $0.00
PV Cells $433.95 2x $374.99 -$316.03
Screen $149.95 $27.95 +$122.00
Controller $91.89 $55.00 +$36.89
Sensors, etc. $0.00 $69.90 -$69.90
Total: $2,674.79 $2,502.83 +$171.96
TIMELINE
11 10 7 7
Panel/Component Mounting Charge Circuit Testing Power Mode Testing
User Interface Testing Attempting Stretch Goals
-Labeled in Days
Feb 28thNow
Feb 18th
Mar 14th
Mar 7th
Apr 19th
STRETCH GOAL Bluetooth
• Redundant Data Distribution from display
• Android application converts Metadata to useful displays
PV Optimization using GPS
• Phone GPS used to look up module determines cart orientation
• Cart heading relayed via Bluetooth
• Application suggests panel angle and cart heading based on time/position
DISTRIBUTION OF LABORTask Jacob Bitterman Cameron
BoozarjomehriWilliam Ellett
Battery Motor Connection
X X
Maximum Power Point Tracking
X X
Battery Charging Circuit
X X
Power Switching and Distribution
X X
Drive Mode Implementation
X
Microcontroller and Sensor Connections
X
Panel Positioning System (PPS)
X
User Interface X X
Overall
Testing
Prototyping
Design
Research
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
25%
10%
10%
30%
90%
Progress
QUESTIONS?