Team PaoLuis Pina

Joelle Julve

Gerald Godoy

Dalton Guzman

Jen-Pu Tseng

Michelle Lee

History

• One of the oldest religions.• Roughly founded around 2000 – 750 BCE• Said to have been evolved from Vedic

religion (Early Harappan: 3300 – 2600 BCE).• Shiva Lingam found during Indus Valley

Civilization (Mature Harappan: 2600 – 1900 BCE).

DALTON GUZMAN

Hinduism Dominated Countries• Hinduism is the third

largest religion next to Christianity and Islam.

• The top two countries where Hinduism is the dominant religion with a leading 80% are India and Nepal

DALTON GUZMAN

Dharma in Hinduism

• Hinduism is commonly referred to as Sanātana Dharma.

• Spiritual laws which govern human existence. (Moral Laws)

• Human Tolerance.• Dharma is the "law of

being" without which things cannot exist.

DALTON GUZMAN

Dharma vs. Adharma

• Patience• Forgiveness• Piety or Self Control• Honesty• Sanctity

• Control of Senses• Reason• Knowledge or

Learning• Truthfulness• Absence of Anger

DALTON GUZMAN

Hinduism through the Periods

• The Pre-Vedic Period

• The Vedic Period

GERALD GODOY

Hinduism through the Periods

• The Upanishad Period

• The Puranic Period

GERALD GODOY

Hinduism through the Periods

• The Medieval Period

• The Modern Period

GERALD GODOY

The Gods of Hinduism

• Brahman : The supreme Godhead, beyond all distinctions or forms; ultimate Reality.

• Brahma is the creator, Vishnu the

preserver and Shiva the destroyer.• Out of 4000 Hinduism Temple

there is only 2 for Brahman

JEN-PU TSENG

The Gods of Hinduism

• Vishnu, Visnu: A Hindu god. With Brahma and Shiva forms the Trimurti Vishnu is the preserver and protector of creation.

JEN-PU TSENG

The Gods of Hinduism

• Shiva: Shiva is the destroyer of the world, following Brahma the creator and Vishnu the preserver. Shiva is responsible for change both in the

form of death and destruction and in the positive sense of the shedding of old habits. Shiva also represents the most essential goodness.

JEN-PU TSENG

The Concept of Moksha

• moksha: “release”; liberation from samsara, the cycle of death and rebirth or reincarnation and all of the suffering and limitation of worldly existence after realization of God– the way of knowledge; (jnana) – the way of action; (karma) and – the way of devotion; (bhakti)

JEN-PU TSENG

The Concept of Maya

• Maya: Literally means "Not this." Usually, it refers to illusion, where the eternal soul identifies itself with temporary matter such as the body, material goods etc. Maya can mean power which creates and maintains the universe's apparent diversity, or to put it in other words, that which causes the One to appear as many.

JEN-PU TSENG

The Caste System

• Caste system: – Brahmins - Priests and scholars– Warriors– Merchants– Workers

• Harijans – "untouchables.“

MICHELLE LEE

The Concept of Atman

• The external soul in every creature, which is divine.

• Self – the immortal aspect of the mortal existence.

• The external soul is born each time depending upon karma.

MICHELLE LEE

The Concept of Karma

• The law of cause and effect

• Deed or act

• Action and reaction

• “Kar” means organs of action

• “ma” means producing or creating

• Good deeds and bad deeds

MICHELLE LEE

The Texts: The Four Vedas

The Veda is subdivided into four great books:• Rig Veda – subdivided into 21 sections

– 1500 B.C.E. – 1000 B.C.E. – A collection of inspired hymns and is a main

source of information on the Rig Vedic civilization.

LUIS PINA

• Sama Veda – subdivided into 1,000 sections – The Sama Veda is purely a liturgical

collection of melodies (‘saman’).

• Yajur Veda – subdivided into two parts and 101 sections– A liturgical collection; made to meet the

demands of ceremonial religion. – Served as a guidebook for the priests who

executed sacrificial acts

The Texts: The Four Vedas

LUIS PINA

• Atharva Veda – subdivided into 50 sections– The last of the Vedas

– completely different from the other three Vedas and is next in importance to Rig Veda with regard to history and sociology

The Texts: The Four Vedas

LUIS PINA

The Vedas

JOELLE JULVE

Each Veda consists of four parts:

• Mantra-Samhita – Hymns in praise of the Vedic God

• Brahmana – The Brahmana portions guide people to

perform sacrificial rites.

• Aranyakas – The forest books, the mystical sylvan texts

which give philosophical interpretations of the rituals.

• Upanishads (700 B.C.E.) – The most important portion of the Vedas. – Contain the essence or the knowledge

portion of the Vedas.

The Vedas

JOELLE JULVE

• The Mantras and the Brahmadas– Karma-Kanda (Ritualistic)

• The Aranyakas – Upasana-Kanda (Worship)

• The Upanishads – Jnana-Kanda (Knowledge)

The Vedas

JOELLE JULVE

Other Sacred Texts:

• Ramayana (Romance of Rama – 200 B.C.E.) • The Laws of Manu (the first man, like Adam -

200 After Christ)   • Puranas (myths and legends - 400-500 After

Christ)

Classificaiton of Hindu sacred texts: • Shruti • Smriti

LUIS PINA & JOELLE JULVE

Works Cited

• "The Four Vedas - About the Rig, Sama, Yajur, Atharva Vedas." About Hinduism - What You Need to Know About Hinduism. Web. 04 Oct. 2009. http://hinduism.about.com/cs/vedasvedanta/a/aa120103a_2.htm

• "Four Vedas: The Four Vedas in the Hindu Scriptures." Global Oneness - The meeting place for Cultural Creatives - Articles, News, Community, Forums, Travel & Events and much more. Web. 04 Oct. 2009. http://www.experiencefestival.com/a/Four_Vedas/id/22600

• "Sacred Texts of Hinduism." World Religions and 101 Cults and Sects. Web. 04 Oct. 2009. http://www.religion-cults.com/Eastern/Hinduism/hindu3.htm

• "Sacred-Texts: Hinduism." Internet Sacred Text Archive Home. Web. 04 Oct. 2009. http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/hinduism/history/history_1.shtml • http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/266312/Hinduism/59831/The-Puranas• http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/266312/Hinduism/8996/The-modern-period-19th-

21st-century• http://www.directionjournal.org/article/?818• http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Olympus/3588/hinduism.htm• http://www.hinduwebsite.com/history/hinduhistory2.asp