Technical Product SupportRenesas Electronics Europe

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RL78 Code & Dataflash

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Purpose This course provides an introduction to the RL78 flash features

and architecture. These include the security features, code and data flash organization as well as self- and external programming and the related libraries.

Objective Learn about the RL78 flash capabilities. Understand self and external programming methods Understand different libraries and their usage.

Content 32 pages (including this page) x questions

Learning Time 40 minutes

Introduction

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RL78 Flash Hardware

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MF3 - Technology Single voltage self-programming Supply voltage: 1.6V ~ 5.5V

– Prog. Voltage: 1.8V ~ 5.5V

0.13µm process density TA, prog: -40°C ~ +125°C

TA, read: -40°C ~ +150°C

Max. 32MHz Operation speed Block size

– 1K blocks Write unit

– 4 byte (for the Code Flash)– 1 byte (for the Data Flash)

Technology overview

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Code flash 1K blocks 4 byte write unit two boot clusters Access via

– External programmer – Flash Selfprogramming library (FSL)

Data flash Independent second flash macro

for data storage 1K blocks 1 byte write unit Access via:

– External programmer– Simple access (FDL) library– EEPROM emulation (EEL) library

Code flash

Firm-ware

RL78 Data flash Note1

0x00000

0xyyyyy

0xF1000

0xF1FFF

Note1: available as an option

Hardware architecture

ProgrammingInterface

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Code flash offer two boot blocks each 4k Swap by self programming

command Allow secure boot loader update

Old boot loader must not be erased before new completely written

Allow simple boot loader design Temporary swap activate

application until next reset

Data flash Note1

0x00000

0xyyyyy

0xF1000

0xF1FFF

Boot Swap

Boot cluster 0

0x01000

0x02000

Boot cluster1 codeflash

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Block erase protection flag Single blocks cannot be erased anymore

Write protection flag Disables the external write command

All flags set No on-board programming possible anymore Only Self-programming possible

Flags can be set By external programmer (set security) selfprogramming

Protection Flags are stored in the extra area Not part of the normal CPU address space

Security level

low

high

Security Features

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Boot cluster protection flag Boot cluster 0 cannot be erased or written anymore

Flash shield window function support Self-programming mode only

Security Features (cont.)

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Data bits

32 1

ECC Encryption Logic

ECC bits

ECC Encryption Logic

ECC bits

6 132 1

ECC Decryption Logic

ECC Decryption Logic

32 1

Original data

Flash cellswith maximum 1 bitfailure over lifetime

Flash Write

Flash Read

During the Flash Write the data are encrypted in the ECC Encryption Logic and the resulting bits are stored in the ECC part of the flash

During Flash Read these bits are used by the ECC Decryption Logic to correct single bit failures on the fly

Error Correction Code (ECC)

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RL78 On board programming

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Programming methodes

Serial Programming E1 on chip debug emulator

/programmer PG-FP5 mass production

programmer third party tool

– Ertec, Data IO, … Flash Programming app note

Selfmade programmers can be approved by a flashprogrammer audit

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Full support of programming on dedicated programming adapter or directly in the user system

Target Application Hardware

Flash-Programming Adapter

USB

USB

E1

Stand alone

PG-FP5-EEPG-FP5-EEPG-FP5-EE

Flash Programmer

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Programming with dedicated programmer TOOL0 Communication Interface Internal “high speed” on-chip oscillator is used

Secure protocol used Checksum command included

On-board Programming Interface

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Serial Programming

Supported Commands Status command Reset command Baud Rate Set command Erase command Programming Command Verify command Block Blank Check command Silicon Signature command Version Get command Checksum command Set Security command

For security reasons there is no read command available

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RL78 Flash Self-Programming Code Flash

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Ability to reprogram the code flash contents without a dedicated programming tool.

The internal firmware of the RL78 products allows to rewrite the flash memory.

Renesas supports self-programming by providing appropriate libraries free of charge available These Self-programming libraries offer an

easy-to-use interface to the internal firmware functionality.

User Application

Self-Programming Library

Firmware

Flash Memory

Self-programming in General

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User defined programming interface Interface type (I.e. CAN, LIN, CSI, UART,

other)

Block swapping is supported for secure self-programming Even if the boot loader has to be updated, it

is ensured, that always a valid boot loader (two boot blocks) is available during self-programming

Virgin programming with dedicated programmer is mandatory Contains at least self programming

functionality

User Application

Self-Programming Library

Firmware

Flash Memory

Self-programming in General

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Self-programming operation modes

Internal status check mode

FSL (Flash Self-programming Library) is located in the User ROM (flash)

Call the FSL function directly from the ROM

get feed back after execution No interrupt handling

Advantages Easy to handle

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Self-programming operation modes

2)User status check mode

Copy the FSL functionality into the RAM

Execute the FSL from RAM

Advantages No lengthened interrupt

response Full control of software

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Self-programming interrupt handling

Selfprogramming execution from RAM

Fast interrupt handling Common RAM interrupt used

full control on user side

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Self-Programming - Ways Of Use

The device is never rendered useless – because the boot block is not affected!

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Self-Programming - Ways Of Use

The device is never rendered useless – because the boot block is not affected!

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The device is never rendered useless – even if a failure occurs during writing the new boot block!

Self-Programming - Ways Of Use

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RL78 FlashSelf-Programming Data Flash

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Data Flash 1.000.000 W/E cycles @ 5 year data retention (typ.) 100.000 W/E cycles @ 5 year data retention

Minimum data (write) size 1 byte (Data Flash)

Flash (erase) block size 1KB

Access with library (FDL) only

Full temperature range during programming

Data Flash Specification

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Data Flash

Background operation on devices with separate Data Flash

CPUcore

OS + Drivers +Application(s)

EEPROM Data

EEPROM EmulationLayer (EEL)

Code F

lash

Data

Fla

sh

Bootloader

Data Flash AccessLayer (FDL)

Managing R/W accessesto the EEPROM data-Optional-Interface to user application-Includes

-Data structures-Calling convention-Error handling-…

-Basic Flash accesses-E.g. Erase, Write

-Interface to EEPROM emulation layer

Independent Flash macros fordual operation on Code execution and Data Flash operations

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Operation Flow

Data flash operation timing The application code runs simultaneously when the EEPROM

data is accessed. Data Flash behavior is like an external EEPROM

application

eepromaccess

eeprom access

CPU

Request to read /write data

Request finished

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Data flash access

Possible scenario of data flash access Via FDL

– Simple access to data flash Via EEL and FDL

– Supports a EEPROM emulation in the data flash

Data flashFDL

EEPROM lib

Application

Parameter saving

EEPROM emulation

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RL78 FlashSelf-Programming Libraries

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Data Flash Memory

FSL(Flash Self programming Library)

FDL(Flash Data Library)

User Application （ User Program ）

WriteWrite

orRead

Read

Writeor

Read

The RL78 device does not have afunction of EEPROM Emulations

Code Flash Memory

Write

Sequencer and Firmware

EEL(EEPROM Emulation Library)

Writeor

Read

Device(Firmware)

Software(Program Area)

Write

Write Write

Example : The flow of writing and reading

RL78 use a flash library when rewriting the code or data flash memory.

The basic configuration of the flash libraries for RL78

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RL78EEPROM -Emulation

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EEPROM emulation is the ability to use a part of the flash as a kind of EEPROM memory.

Main difference to a real EEPROM is the ability to erase only a complete block

This requires a special algorithm to handle the data sets inside the EEPROM area.

Renesas provide the corresponding access libraries free of charge

EEPROM Emulation

Data A

Data B

Data C

Real EEPROM

Updating Data B1. Erase old Data B2. Write new Data B’ Data B’

Data A

Data B

Data C

EEPROM EmulationUpdating Data B1. Write new Data B’2. Old Data B still

available as historyData B’

EEPROM Emulation

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Key functionalities of the Renesas EEPROM emulation library are:

READ and WRITE at any time provided by:

Automatic suspend/resume of ERASE commandAutomatic preparation of write-space in the idle phaseLarge amout of data can be managed (configurable > 1 block) bBock redundancy managed automatically RESET resistant algorithmsData consistency checks

EEL Features

Summary

In this course, we covered:

Self and external programming methodsRL78 Flash features and architectureSecurity featuresCode and DataFlash organizationSelf and external programming methodsUnderstand different libraries and their usage

Thank You for viewing

For more information on RL78 products, please view the RL78 Family Overview course or visit www.renesas.com

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Renesas Electronics Europe

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