Technical Services Workstations PALINET Workshop

Roger Brissonrob1@psu.edu

http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/rob1

Robert Freebornrbf@psulias.psu.edu

Expected background and knowledge:

•Basic understanding of windowing operating systems (Windows/Mac), but not necessarily computers

•Basic understanding of library technical services operations

Introduction: Assumptions and Goals

Basic conceptual and working understanding of TSWs

Accomplished on two levels:

- Conceptual foundation, or getting a sense of the ‘big picture.’

- Hands-on exercisesAccomplished by: lectures, discussion, and exercise

Purpose of Workshop

•9:30 am -10:00 am: Introduction and General Concepts•10:00 – 10:45: Module I- Introduction to TSWsBreak•11:00 – 11:45: Module II- The Transformation of Cataloging (training, reliance on documentation, communication)•11:45 – 12:30 pm: Module III- Communication, Online Documentation, and IntranetsLunch•1:30 – 2:30: Module IV- Cataloging With TSWs, Implemention Strategies•2:45 – 3:30: Summary and Q&AFor each module there will be a short introduction (15 minutes) and an exercise (30 minutes).

Workshop Schedule

* Key Concepts:- Connectivity- Client-Server Computing- Windows Concept / Multitasking- Workflows

Used fundamentally for the intellectual enhancement of data (metadata), and for optimizing workflows

Exercise: Designing your ideal local TSW and sending it by email to rob@psulias.psu.edu

Module I: Introduction to the TSW

* Long period of probation and mentorship with senior cataloger (testing, additional learning)

- Why was this necessary? Communication and access to information was very primitive

* Technology brings new forms of communication:-OPAC: shelflisting/classification and subject analysis

-Utilities: RLIN and OCLC- Cataloger’s Desktop and Classification Plus- We can radically shorten training because of new technologiesExercise: Introduce TSW cataloging by usingCataloging client software, LC documentation LIAS (OPAC): two versions: telnet and the VEL Utilities: OCLC and RLIN

Module II: The Transformation of Cataloging

* PSU Cataloging Web site-Training materials - Minutes - Reference materials (in-house)-‘Cheat sheets’* Use of Web for information and reference sources

-looking for people (dates), use of email also-country information - historical information-unknown concepts

* Professional communication-listservs, professional association Web sitesAUTOCAT archive on Web (as example)

* Email (colleagues) * Folio VIEWSExercise: Use online resources to answer cataloging-related questions.

Module III: Communication, Online Documentation and Intranets

Management considerations-TCO (Total Cost of Ownership)-ROI (Return on Investment)-Strategic planning (new paradigms)-Technology procurement (see parts 1 and 2)

Exercise: full cataloging simulation

Summary and Wrap-up. Discussion and Q and A

Module IV: Cataloging With TSWs, Implemention Strategies

Realizing an Idea: Anno 1900

James McDonnell, professor of Classics at Penn:

“Pioneers are entitled to be fools. Busting sod on the prairie was a disastrous mistake for many, a barely sustainable life for many many more But it was also a necessary stage towards a productive and, I think we would all agree, valuable economy and culture.”

“Let me put it this way. Was an automobile a cost-effective purchase in 1915?”

The Industrial Revolution and the Modern Mind

Rationalization of processes More efficient use of resources Free human energy by replacing human

labor with machines: creativity Focus on product (lean thinking)

The Information Revolution

Recognizing the central role that information (ideas) play in human activity

Applying the values of the Industrial Revolution to information

Developing the workstation concept

in-formatio, -onis, f. [informo], a representation. I. Lit., an outline, sketch, first

draft: aedium sacrarum informationes, Vitr. 4, 6 fin.--

II. Trop., an idea, conception: anticipatio, quam appellat prolepsin Epicurus, id est anteceptam animo rei quandam informationem, Cic. N. D. 1, 36, 100: dei, id. de Or. 2, 87, 358: unius verbi imagine totius sententiae informatio, an exhibition of the idea contained in a word, an explanation of its meaning

Information:Levels of Meaning

M ac hine-leve l

M athematic s

L ogic

S ys tem-leve l

A pplic ations

C ontent (Databas es )

S oc ia l-leve l

computerscience

informationscience

1980's - The Promise of Personal Computing Only Partially Fulfilled

PCs did not have enough power to meet sophisticated demands of technical services staff

They could not run multiple simultaneous operations

They were still too linear in their orientation They were based on command-line operations

The 90's - The Revolution in Personal Computing Arrives

Developing hardware (Pentium processors, increased memory, greater storage, etc.) permits development of more sophisticated software

Microsoft releases Windows 3.1 (graphic OS as an industry standard)

32-bit computing leads to greater multi-tasking like questions.

The Practicing Scholar:The Workstation Concept

A fully integrated text processing center:

word processor a structured means of organizing and

accessing stored information immediate access to metadata databases immediate access to full text higher-level authoring systems

Intelligence Workstation

Raw Data (Acq. Record)

Enhanced Product (MARC Record)

HumanIntervention

TSW

ControlledCatalog

Technical Services Workstations

The TSW is a conceptual model for computing in library technical services.

The TSW is not a single product created and marketed by a commercial vendor.

The TSW is not just a powerful PC loaded with unrelated software applications.

The TSW is an intelligent workstation that supports the intellectual activity of staff.

The TSW Operating Environment The TSW uses a graphic-user-interface. This can be

Microsoft Windows or the Macintosh Operating System. Workstations provide access to a variety of resources, or

software applications, through a uniform user interface. The TSW must have enough power to run multiple

applications simultaneously. Workstations support enhanced editing and inputting

capabilities. Workstations are networked-- to a local area network, to a

TCP/IP Ethernet link, and to the Internet.

Sample TSW Applications Cataloging client Telnet software Passport for Windows Word processor Email client Web browser Reference tools/ documentation: Cataloger’s

Desktop, dictionaries, including foreign language, atlases, encyclopedias, etc.

Client-Server Technology

Technical Services Workstation: Client LAN, Internet: Server

Ethernet

Mainframe Computing

Dumb Terminal

Dumb Terminal Dumb Terminal

Dumb Terminal

Characteristics of Clients

Client-server systems make use of distributed computing.

Clients are not bound by a single operating system.

User-interface and client software applications perform most processing functions.

Technical Services LAN

LAN File Server

TSW

Scanner

TSW TSW

C D -R O M Tower Laser P rinter

PC Server

Mainframe

Internet

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Traditional Library Functions

Selection Acquisitions Organization Access Reference Services User Education (instruction) Administration

Purpose and Goals:

Every organization must possess a pervasive understanding why it exists (mission statement). Every staff member must have this understanding. In this regard it is a conscious turning away from

the Industrial Revolution; the most important

capital of an organization are its staff, not

machines..

Work is transformed and concentrated fully around quality improvement of products and services. This striving toward continuous quality improvement is integrated into the essence of an organization, and this effort implies a complete restructuring of the organization around quality.

Restructuring Around Quality Improvement

Changes in Staffing

A department is much more flexible in utilizing staff.

Management takes on a leadership role in coordinating activities, rather than being a source of authority.

Computing is shifted from a remote systems office to individual staff, who are actually responsible for carrying out the work.

New services are created due to a much more responsive work environment.

New demands are made on the skill levels of staff.

The Basic Components of all TQM Systems

(Von Glaap, 1996, S. 27)

The Involvementof all Staff

ContinuousImprovement

Customer isthe Focal

PointWell-definedQuality Goals

Long-termPlanning

Major Transition in Scholarly Communication has Begun Current Library Practices Cannot be SustainedSolutions Will Unfold Organically Throughout a

Multi-Year Transition Strategic Action is Preferable to a Traditional,

Detailed Plan

Planning

Digital Libraries

The digital library is not a single entity; it is by nature distributed;

The digital library requires technology to link the resources of many;

The linkages between the many digital libraries and information services are transparent to the end users;

Digital libraries provide an intellectually enhanced organization of material

Digital library collections are not limited to document surrogates: they extend to digital artifacts that cannot be represented or distributed in printed formats.

Transforming ideas in a new environment

From traditional library models to the distributed digital library

From traditional library models to the user-centered digital library

Collection, Storage, Preservation, Access

InformationTransfer andDelivery

Knowledge Mgmt

Functions of a Digital Library

Consultation,Training, Services

Campus Camputing Infrastructure

Developed enough for digital resources to become a formal part of instruction. Most students have their own Web-capable PCs, and universities now have fast, robust campus-wide networking systems with remote access from home.

Large computing labs of over 400 PCs are now common.

Both students and professors are rapidly developing the skills to work in the online environment. Universities like Penn State have developed extensive online resources for setting up their PCs and learning to use the campus Internet infrastructure.

All students at Penn State automatically receive an email account (Eudora) and their own Web space upon enrolling at the university. Penn State now has over 70,000 email accounts.

The Move to Fully Digital Instruction

Univ North Carolina Makes Laptops Compulsory“As part of the Carolina Computing Initiative, any freshman who expects to attend classes at University of North Carolina Chapel Hill campus must have their own laptop computer. It is the third campus in the state to set such a requirement for entering students.”