technological challenges in an ageing...

© Luis Pinto-Coelho

Technological Challenges in an

Ageing Europe

Luis Pinto Coelho, Universidade de Vigo, 2014-11-28 1


Technological Challenges in an Ageing Europe

The European population structure is changing as a consequence of a double demographic trend: on one hand fewer babies are born and on the other hand

people are living longer. The result is "population" ageing" which is unprecedented in recent history and brings significant socio-economic challenges. This situation

can also be seen from a perspective where, by the use of innovative technological approaches, we can see this demographic change as a positive opportunity for the European economy. In this talk several development areas will be covered giving a special attention to the roles of ICT and electronics and their innovation potential

under the contexts of enhanced activity, enhanced mobility, improved quality of life, health and well-being support.

2

Abstract


About the speaker…

• PhD in Signal Theory and Communications, by U. Vigo

• Position

• Teacher in Polytechnic Institute of Porto

• Head of the Biomedical Engineering Degree

• Head of the Healthcare Management Post. Grad. Degree

• Interests

• R&D: Signal Processing, Mobile Computing, Artificial Intelligence

• Enterprise: Entrepreneurship, Spin-offs, Patents

• Academic: MOOC, Biomedical Engineering

3

Luis Pinto Coelho ([email protected])


Technological Challenges in a Ageing Europe

A. Introduction

B. Challenges and Opportunities

C. On-going Projects

Overview


Introduction Technological Challenges in an Ageing Europe

5


Facts

• Population ageing is unprecedented, without parallel in human history—and in the 21st century it will be happen very fast.

• Population ageing is pervasive, a global phenomenon - but countries are at very different stages of the process, and the pace of change differs greatly. Europe is ageing faster!!

• Population ageing is enduring, we will not return to the young populations that our ancestors knew.

• Population ageing has profound implications for many facets of human life.

6

Introduction

Source: United Nations, World Population ageing


Facts

7

Introduction

Source: U.N., Center for Strategic and International Studies


Facts

• Spain

• Economist Mukesh Chawla of the World Bank predicted in July 2007 that half of Spain's population will be older than 55 by 2050, giving Spain the highest median age of any nation in the world.

• Portugal

• Population with more than 65 years old will represent 43% by 2050

• In 2050 population will shrink to 7.5 million (-25%)

8

The Iberian Scenario


Research and Development in na ageing Europe

• A reality: ageing is a fact and countries must adapt

• A growing market: There is a growing age group with full capabilities that wants to have a role in society.

• A developing environment: New trends in healthcare management strategies:

• Active ageing

• Preventive medicine

• Personalized healthcare

• A world of opportunities: Many new and unexplored technologies

9

Motivations


Research and Development in an Ageing Europe

• Governments are supporting these challenges

• Several Horizon 2020 project calls

• An example: ‘eldercare social robots’ can help perform daily tasks such as lifting or cooking, or set off an alarm if an in-built camera registers that a person has fallen.

• New business opportunities

• Huge savings in the cost of social and health care. For example, telecare solutions can cut the costs of care services by up to 30%.

10

Motivations


Investimento Conjunto Galiza-Norte de Portugal

• 1.1. Consolidacion e Potenciacion de polos de investigación RIS3 • 1.1.5. Potenciacion de um polo en torno ao cluster da saúde, orientado envelhecimento

activo

• 1.1.7. Programas de Titulaciones conxuntas

• 1.2. Potenciación de Transferência ao Sector Productivo • 1.2.1. Promoción de spin-offs

• 1.2.4. Patentes

• 2.1. Conversion num Territorio Atractivo para Investimento • 2.1.1. Promoción de viveiros de empresas

• 2.1.2. Clusters de I&D transfronteirizos

• (…)

11

Plano 2014-2020: Eixos e Prioridades Estratéxicas

http://www.gnpaect.eu/pt/eurorregiao/PIC.pdf/view


Challenges and Opportunities Technological Challenges in an Ageing Europe

12


Technologies for

Healthcare

Electronics

IT

Biology Pharmacy

Clinics

• Technological development has evolved in may important areas

• Inter-area projects are still underexplored

• IT and Electronics present the best impact/effort relation!

13

Technological Challenges in an Ageing Europe

Research Areas


Electronics and IT for an Ageing Population

14

Research oportunities and trends

Electronics and IT for an Ageing Population

1

Patient –

Practitioner

Interaction

2

Monitoring

3

Neurosciences

4

Robotics

5

Tissue

Engineering


eHealth

eDoctor eRadiology

15


mHealth

• Remote diagnosis

• Assisted diagnosis

• Alert

• Spectrogram

• Fonocardiogram

Assisted and Remote Stethoscopy

http://www.thinklabsmedical.com/

16

http://www.thinklabsmedical.com/


mHealth

Occular Deseases Ecography

17


mHealth

Skin deseases Microscopy

18


mHealth

ECG Monitoring Biosignal

19


mHealth

• Using a set of electrodes we can easily acquire EEG signal

• After some training it is possible to identify brain wave patterns

• Allows early detection of crisis

• Applications: • Command & Control

• Alzheimer detection

• Epilepsy seizure detection

• Sleep analysis

• Etc.

EEG and Pattern Recognition

www.gtec.at

20


Brain Stimulation

Transcranial stimulation Deep brain stimulation

21


mHealth

22

Robotics

http://images.businessweek.com http://www.intouchhealth.com

http://images.businessweek.com/

http://www.intouchhealth.com/


3D Modeling and Printing

23


3D Printing and Tissue Engineering

• Using industrial technology in healthcare.

• Fast and precise

• Some visions of the future: • The Economist: The ideas economy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VoqCMJ6lQpA

• Organovo: 3D Simulation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTwv9jMMcOY

24

3D Tissue Printing




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTwv9jMMcOY




3D Bioprinting

• Industrial engineering used to print human organs. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GH9l

AJxfU2o

25

Tissue Printer (2013)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GH9lAJxfU2o




26

2010-2014 2015-2020 2021-2030

Driver Barrier

Products Services

Technology Capability

Aging in developed countries/Lack of medical

professionals

People are familiar with IT/ Quality of life gain more

importance

Aging in developing countries/Co-exist of robots &

human

Monitoring Individual

Monitoring + Therapy Interactive

Diagnosis + Care plan Proactive

• Aging society • Lack of doctors/nurses • Increased expense for healthcare

• More people live alone • Depopulation of rural area • People care quality of life more • Get used to IT

• WW Aging society • Acceptance for robotics increase • Limited landscape

• Cost/Regulation • Reliability/acceptance

• Advanced technology • Usability

• Quality • Resistance

Market needs

Challenges

• Security cameras for nursing • Wearable monitoring

• Therapy robots (pets, partners) • Tele-medicine • Tele-diagnosis

• Proactive Diagnosis robots (doctors, nurses)

• Autonomous devices

• Wearable Sensors • Actuators • Monitoring camera • Signal Processing • Pattern recognition

• Sensor feedback • Soft Actuators • Intention recognition • Advanced Human machine

interface

• Natural language processing • Autonomous navigation system • Machine learning & statistical

analysis


On going projects Technological Challenges in an Ageing Europe

27


Non Invasive Glicose Estimation

• There are well know relations between ECG and Glicose levels

• This is especially obvious in hipoglicymia conditions (which is very dangerous)

• It is possible to continuosly monitor patients and raise alerts before and/or critical events

28

Diabetis


3D Modeling

29

Foot modeling and rapid show sock prototyping


Activity Monitoring

• Daily activities can be tracked using the mobile phone’s 3D acceleration sensor

• Tempo-spatial gait parameters and acceleration patterns at the head and pelvis are measured in three orthogonal planes

• Pattern recognition systems are in development

• Many possibilities: Fall detection, activity monitoring, posture, etc.

• Phone or bracelet data sources.

30

With mobile phone


Medication Reminder

• Medication reminder is programed by the doctor or in the phamarcy

• Patient receives alert on the phone or bracelet

• Care provider receives alert if medication is not taken

31

(starting)

Source: Medisafe Android Client


EEG Analysis for Command and Control

• Objective: To provide simple manouvrability using brain machine interface

• Actions: Forward, turn left, turn right, stop

• Simple EEG pattern analysis

32

Wheelchair

(Many thanks to Invacare, Portugal who kindly provided the wheelchair)


References

• http://horizon2020projects.com/

• Plano de Investimento Conjunto Galicia-Norte de Portugal http://cpapx.xunta.es/c/document_library/get_file?folderId=345857&name=DLFE-21307.pdf

33

http://horizon2020projects.com/

http://horizon2020projects.com/

http://cpapx.xunta.es/c/document_library/get_file?folderId=345857&name=DLFE-21307.pdf





Thank you for your time!

• Luis Coelho

• Instituto Politécnico do Porto

• [email protected]

34

technological challenges in an ageing...

Documents