Technologies of SexTechnologies of Sex

Women Inventors &Women Inventors &

Innovators in SexInnovators in Sex

Shigeko MakiseShigeko Makise

Sex TechnologySex Technology

Pleasure between Men Pleasure between Men & Women& Women

*Men-find pleasure in *Men-find pleasure in the briefest encounterthe briefest encounter

*Women – take longer *Women – take longer to find pleasureto find pleasure

MythologyMythology

Hina – Polynesian goddess – Hina – Polynesian goddess – the first male is created for the first male is created for the sexual pleasure of the the sexual pleasure of the Hina.Hina.

Hera – Greek goddess- Hera – Greek goddess- sexuality sexuality

Juno – Italian goddess-Juno – Italian goddess-reproductive and marriagereproductive and marriage

Cinxia – Italian goddess-the Cinxia – Italian goddess-the first undressing of the bride first undressing of the bride by the bridegroomby the bridegroom

Self-Pleasure TechnologySelf-Pleasure Technology

Self-stimulation is found among Self-stimulation is found among the people of nearly every race the people of nearly every race (Havelock Ellis)(Havelock Ellis)

Self-pleasure – imitating the Self-pleasure – imitating the penis & reproducing penis & reproducing heterosexual intercourseheterosexual intercourse

Dildo-artificial instruments of Dildo-artificial instruments of auto-erotismauto-erotism

Greek women-buying dildos from Greek women-buying dildos from cobblers(3cobblers(3rdrd century) century)

Milesian(Ireland)-leather dildosMilesian(Ireland)-leather dildos France – velvet, glass(17France – velvet, glass(17thth

century)century)

Fertility-promotersFertility-promoters

Three traditional Three traditional fertility plantfertility plant

Pomegranate – Pomegranate – used to induce used to induce fertilityfertility

Moghat – hot Moghat – hot beverage of beverage of postpartumpostpartum

Ginseng – produce Ginseng – produce estrus estrus

Fertility-PromotersFertility-Promoters

Estrogen-functioning Estrogen-functioning primary female sex primary female sex hormonehormone

Summer wheatSummer wheat BeansBeans Star grass – preventing Star grass – preventing

miscarriagemiscarriage Arsesmart – Arsesmart –

recommended in recommended in amenorrheaamenorrhea

Menstrual technologyMenstrual technology

Menstrual blood Menstrual blood once a month for thirty yearsonce a month for thirty years Inventions and innovations-affect half women’s Inventions and innovations-affect half women’s

life.life. May originally have been caught for religious May originally have been caught for religious

purpose-rite, sabbathpurpose-rite, sabbath Used for hunting and trappingUsed for hunting and trapping Used as a potent fertilizer (in early Used as a potent fertilizer (in early

horticulture)horticulture)

Menstrual TechnologyMenstrual TechnologyAncient women’s inventionsAncient women’s inventions Native American women-tampons out of Native American women-tampons out of

soft mosssoft moss Mediterranean - small spongesMediterranean - small sponges Alor women – dry porous banana barkAlor women – dry porous banana bark Ancient Japanese – 8-12 paper tampons a Ancient Japanese – 8-12 paper tampons a

dayday Indonesian – tampons from vegetable fiberIndonesian – tampons from vegetable fiber African & Australian – bandages of grass or African & Australian – bandages of grass or

vegetable fibervegetable fiber Egyptian – rolls of soft papyrusEgyptian – rolls of soft papyrus Women of Guam – coconut husks wrapped Women of Guam – coconut husks wrapped

with cloth with cloth

TakeoverTakeover Imitation-Men’s menstruationImitation-Men’s menstruation The subincision rite-primitive Australia, New The subincision rite-primitive Australia, New

Guinea, Philippines & Africa (men’s Guinea, Philippines & Africa (men’s menstruation)menstruation)

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓↓ Take control-to redefine as shameful and Take control-to redefine as shameful and

uncleanunclean

Western culture-did not take over menstrual Western culture-did not take over menstrual technology until 20technology until 20thth century century

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓↓ A source of women’s pride & strength to A source of women’s pride & strength to

something shameful and hiddensomething shameful and hidden

Women’s contribution Women’s contribution 1919thth century century Emma H. Carpenter Emma H. Carpenter

(Springfield, VT)(Springfield, VT)

- Catamenial sack or - Catamenial sack or bandage(1892)bandage(1892)

Elizabeth Higgins (Boston, Elizabeth Higgins (Boston, MA)-Dress-protectors(1862)MA)-Dress-protectors(1862)

Mary G. Porter Mary G. Porter (Charlestown, MA)-Ladies’ (Charlestown, MA)-Ladies’ safety belt(1870)safety belt(1870)

Maria P. Dibble & Frances Maria P. Dibble & Frances Carter-bandage(1842 & Carter-bandage(1842 & 1847)1847)

Menstrual receiversMenstrual receiversPad & beltsPad & belts

Johnson & JohnsonJohnson & Johnson *Disposable sanitary napkin(1896)-failed *Disposable sanitary napkin(1896)-failed

to sell to sell → couldn’t be advertised→ couldn’t be advertised

Kimberly-ClerkKimberly-Clerk *Kotex pads(1920)*Kotex pads(1920)→took 4 years to →took 4 years to

persuade the Ladies’ Home Journal to persuade the Ladies’ Home Journal to accept its adsaccept its ads

Menstrual receivers technologyMenstrual receivers technology2020thth century: Pads & belts century: Pads & belts Jennie L. Bornstein (Dayton, OH)-Sanitary Jennie L. Bornstein (Dayton, OH)-Sanitary

support(1912)support(1912) Elfreda J. Corbin (Minneapolis, MN)-Elfreda J. Corbin (Minneapolis, MN)-

Napkin(1915)Napkin(1915) Ida M. Argo (Dallas, TX)-Catamenial Ida M. Argo (Dallas, TX)-Catamenial

appliance(1910)appliance(1910) June Haughton-Sanitary devices(1913)June Haughton-Sanitary devices(1913) Anna Brand (Chicago)-Napkin holder(1924)Anna Brand (Chicago)-Napkin holder(1924) Aniela Majewski (Chicago)-Sanitary pad Aniela Majewski (Chicago)-Sanitary pad

holderholder

Menstrual receivers technologyMenstrual receivers technology2020thth century: Pads & belts century: Pads & belts Beatrice Kenner (Washington, DC)-Sanitary Beatrice Kenner (Washington, DC)-Sanitary

belt(1956)belt(1956) Anne M. Landy & Neola Seidler (Philadelphia, Anne M. Landy & Neola Seidler (Philadelphia,

PA)-”fluid-impervious” layer and rim(1956)PA)-”fluid-impervious” layer and rim(1956) Carolyn R. Mobley (Appleton, WI)-a Tab construction Carolyn R. Mobley (Appleton, WI)-a Tab construction

for a sanitary napkin(1971)for a sanitary napkin(1971) Eleanor J. Fendler (Appleton, WI)-Microfibrous Eleanor J. Fendler (Appleton, WI)-Microfibrous

pad(1983)pad(1983) Pamela F. Baum (Neenah, WI)-Disposal napkinPamela F. Baum (Neenah, WI)-Disposal napkin Billie J. Matthews (Winnebago, WI)-Adhesive panty-Billie J. Matthews (Winnebago, WI)-Adhesive panty-

liner napkin(1980-1986)liner napkin(1980-1986) Barbara Oakley – Three-dimensional sanitary napkin Barbara Oakley – Three-dimensional sanitary napkin

Menstrual receivers technologyMenstrual receivers technology2020thth century: Tampons century: TamponsTampax appeared in 1933…..Tampax appeared in 1933….. Alicia Bay Laurel – cutting cellulose kitchen spongeAlicia Bay Laurel – cutting cellulose kitchen sponge Doris Moehrle – “Nature’s Answer” Doris Moehrle – “Nature’s Answer”

tampon=Reusable tampon(1978)tampon=Reusable tampon(1978) Dr. Judith Esser-Mittog – ob tampon=without padDr. Judith Esser-Mittog – ob tampon=without pad Virginia A. Olson – Tampon applicator(1970) & Virginia A. Olson – Tampon applicator(1970) &

wrapper(1972)wrapper(1972) Virginia A. Corrigan – Coating tampon(1971)Virginia A. Corrigan – Coating tampon(1971) Patricia J. McKelvey – Super-absorbent Patricia J. McKelvey – Super-absorbent

material(1977)material(1977) Lin-Sun Woon – Folded tampon pledget(1982)Lin-Sun Woon – Folded tampon pledget(1982) Billie J. Matthews – Fusible portions(1981)Billie J. Matthews – Fusible portions(1981) Dawn M. Huffman – Finger grip(1986)Dawn M. Huffman – Finger grip(1986)

Tampax patent(1933)Tampax patent(1933)

Menstrual receivers technologyMenstrual receivers technologyMenstrual cupsMenstrual cups

Leona Chalmers – Leona Chalmers – developed a rubber developed a rubber menstrual menstrual cup(1950)cup(1950)

Barbara Waldron – Barbara Waldron – created disposable created disposable version of the version of the cup(1968)cup(1968)

Menstrual extractionMenstrual extraction

Developed by the women of the Los Developed by the women of the Los Angeles Self-Help Clinic in 1971Angeles Self-Help Clinic in 1971

Cut the menstrual period from 5 days to Cut the menstrual period from 5 days to 5 minutes5 minutes

Carol Downer, Lorraine Rothman Carol Downer, Lorraine Rothman associated with menstrual extractionassociated with menstrual extraction

Remedies for Remedies for menstrual pain and difficultiesmenstrual pain and difficultiesEvery culture had herbs, teas, Every culture had herbs, teas,

massage techniquesmassage techniques Emmenagogues – aloes, angelica, Emmenagogues – aloes, angelica,

arsesmart, water pepper, black arsesmart, water pepper, black cohosh, blue chohos, castor bean cohosh, blue chohos, castor bean leaves, celery, leaves, celery,

Pre-menstrual tension – camomile, Pre-menstrual tension – camomile, spearmint, lavender, catnip, kola spearmint, lavender, catnip, kola nuts, celery seeds,nuts, celery seeds,

Remedies for Remedies for DysmenorrheaDysmenorrhea

Painful menstruation or cramps -Painful menstruation or cramps -black cohosh, blue flag, camomile, black cohosh, blue flag, camomile, cotton root, elecampane, wild cotton root, elecampane, wild ginger, sweetbalm,ginger, sweetbalm,

Excessive flow – yarrow, red sage, Excessive flow – yarrow, red sage, red raspberry, black haw, white oak red raspberry, black haw, white oak bark, cinnamonbark, cinnamon

North American Indians -blue North American Indians -blue cohosh root teacohosh root tea

Native American/Russian -Native American/Russian -amaranth, shepherd’s purse, birth amaranth, shepherd’s purse, birth root, life root, nettleroot, life root, nettle

Remedies for Remedies for menstrual pain and difficultiesmenstrual pain and difficulties Dr. Penny Wise Budoff- Pioneered the use Dr. Penny Wise Budoff- Pioneered the use

of prostaglandins for menstrual disordersof prostaglandins for menstrual disorders Tamara Dejneka- A method for inhibiting Tamara Dejneka- A method for inhibiting

prostaglandin dehydrogenase(1979)prostaglandin dehydrogenase(1979) Dr. Katharina Dalton-treated PMS(1948)Dr. Katharina Dalton-treated PMS(1948) Dr. Michelle Harrison-advocated dietary Dr. Michelle Harrison-advocated dietary

treatment for PMStreatment for PMS Dr. Marcia Storch-prevented the resulting Dr. Marcia Storch-prevented the resulting

headachesheadaches Dr. Susan Lark-developed a diet-and-Dr. Susan Lark-developed a diet-and-

exercise treatmentexercise treatment

Pregnancy and Childbirth TechnologyPregnancy and Childbirth TechnologyPregnancy carePregnancy care Anti-morning Anti-morning

sicknesssickness

-Alfalfa, blue flag, -Alfalfa, blue flag, colombo room, colombo room, lavender, cloves lavender, cloves knot grassknot grass

Prevent miscarriagePrevent miscarriage

-Blue cohosh, star -Blue cohosh, star grassgrass

Pregnancy and childbirth technologyPregnancy and childbirth technologyBirth careBirth care

Birth should be painfulBirth should be painful Tlingit women of Alaska-given birth Tlingit women of Alaska-given birth

while sleepingwhile sleeping Easier childbirth- squatting, the birth Easier childbirth- squatting, the birth

stool or chair, knees-to-chin,stool or chair, knees-to-chin, Massage-important technologyMassage-important technology Primitive women apply heat and Primitive women apply heat and

massage to the perineum to ease massage to the perineum to ease pain and promoting relaxationpain and promoting relaxation

Birth careBirth care

Heat-primitive cultures exploited the Heat-primitive cultures exploited the relaxing effects of heatrelaxing effects of heat

Modoc Indian-birthing women were Modoc Indian-birthing women were given large quantities of warm water given large quantities of warm water to drink & heated stones were placed to drink & heated stones were placed on their abdomenon their abdomen

Mexican & Filipino-smoke bathMexican & Filipino-smoke bath Kwakiut – applied hot seaweed to the Kwakiut – applied hot seaweed to the

mother’s stomach & lower backmother’s stomach & lower back

Mechanical aidsMechanical aids

Southwestern North American-kneeling Southwestern North American-kneeling on a sandpile and grabbing a rope on a sandpile and grabbing a rope

Southeast Asian, Brazil, Bolivia & other Southeast Asian, Brazil, Bolivia & other parts of South America-clinging to a parts of South America-clinging to a rope hanging from the ceiling and rope hanging from the ceiling and holding her knees tight to her chinholding her knees tight to her chin

Birth chair-ancient Europe, the Birth chair-ancient Europe, the Egyptians, the Greeks-until recently in Egyptians, the Greeks-until recently in Turkey, Greece and SislyTurkey, Greece and Sisly

Aftercare: Aftercare: postpartum remedies and technologypostpartum remedies and technology

Care of the newbornCare of the newborn Primitive women arranged for the infant Primitive women arranged for the infant

to drop below the birth chair or to drop below the birth chair or squatting to the groundsquatting to the ground

Cutting cordCutting cord Some primitive groups-leave the vernix Some primitive groups-leave the vernix

caseosa (white substance found coating caseosa (white substance found coating skin of newborn)skin of newborn)

Most groups – cleaning & Most groups – cleaning & washingwashing

Recovery care of the motherRecovery care of the mother

Primitive women-return to normal Primitive women-return to normal activity soonactivity soon

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓↓ Massage, exercise and bathing, Massage, exercise and bathing,

abdominal binding, herbal treatment, abdominal binding, herbal treatment, special diet, heat treatmentsspecial diet, heat treatments

Antiquity – 18Antiquity – 18thth Century CenturyContribution from Western CultureContribution from Western Culture

Octavia – a wonderful salve to soothe the pains Octavia – a wonderful salve to soothe the pains childbirth childbirth

Trotula (1097)- wrote Passionibus mulierum Trotula (1097)- wrote Passionibus mulierum curandorum (“Diseases of women”)curandorum (“Diseases of women”)

Louyse Bourgeois(1563-1638)-studied midwifery, Louyse Bourgeois(1563-1638)-studied midwifery, became known for her skillbecame known for her skill

Justina Dittrichin Siegmundin(1648-1705)-Justina Dittrichin Siegmundin(1648-1705)-pioneered the technique of puncturing the pioneered the technique of puncturing the amniotic sac to stop hemorrhaging.amniotic sac to stop hemorrhaging.

Angelique du Coudray(1712-89)-invention of the Angelique du Coudray(1712-89)-invention of the anatomical in teaching gynecology and anatomical in teaching gynecology and obstetrics.obstetrics.

Marie Louise Duges Lachapelle(1769-1821)-Marie Louise Duges Lachapelle(1769-1821)-innovations in patient care and midwives’ traininginnovations in patient care and midwives’ training

1919thth Century CenturyContributionContribution Marie-Anne Victorine Boivin(1773-Marie-Anne Victorine Boivin(1773-

1847)-invented vaginal speculum 1847)-invented vaginal speculum Mme Rondet(b.1800)-invented and Mme Rondet(b.1800)-invented and

perfected a resuscitation tube for perfected a resuscitation tube for infants born “in a state of asphyxia.”infants born “in a state of asphyxia.”

Eliza L. Moore- patented Eliza L. Moore- patented accouchement couch(1873)accouchement couch(1873)

2020thth Century CenturyContributionContribution

Dr. Roberta A, Dr. Roberta A, Ballard(1940-) -developed Ballard(1940-) -developed a national consensus for a national consensus for the management of the management of infantile apneainfantile apnea

Dr. Hilda H. Kroeger -Dr. Hilda H. Kroeger -helped design “an efficient helped design “an efficient labor and delivery-room labor and delivery-room suite”suite”