technology education

Technology Education

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Stairs and Stair Framing


Stair Framing

• A structure placed between two floors that has a series of steps that allows you to move up or down freely to different level.

• The rough-in is placed during the framing but the main stair system is usually placed after the sub-floor is down.


Equipment Needed

• Hammer• Circular Power Saw • Framing & T-Squares • Ear, Mouth Protection• Handsaw• Nails • Level• Tape Measure


Placing the Rough-In

• You are cutting a hole in the flooring so it must be supported• On the edges where you have a joist running the full span you double up. These joists are called a double trimmer.• Between the two double trimmers you place a double header


Parts of a Floor System


Terms of a Stair System• Tread- The horizontal surface of one step.• Riser- The vertical board between treads (kick board)• Unit Run- The distance an individual unit travels• Unit Rise- The distance an individual unit moves up.• Total Run- The distance the stair case travels.• Total Rise- The distance the stair case go up.• Stairwell Rough Opening- Opening in the floor system.• Stringer- The main support unit of a stair case.• Headroom- Distance from the ceiling to the tread.


Terms of a Stair System• Nosing- The part of the tread that extends past the riser• Newel- The post the supports the railing.• Handrail- A surface that is intended for grabbing by a

person going up and down the stairs.• Balusters- Some times called spindles. They support the

railing and keep children from falling to the floor.• Platform- A horizontal surface placed between two

flights of stairs• Landing- The start point and finish point of a stair

system.• Winders- Wedge-shaped treads installed where stairs

turn.


• http://www.fieldshomeimprovement.com/ht_stairs.html

Parts of a Stair Unit


Codes to Consider

• Maximum unit rise • Maximum unit tread • Fire blocking requirements • Maximum material spans • Framing requirements • Special considerations


Calculating Stair Dimensions

• Most stair angles should fall between 30 and 35 degrees• This can be accomplished with a 11 inch run and a 7 inch rise.• To calculate how many stairs you will need you take the total rise and divide it by 7. This will give you your total number of treads. You will need to round up or down and recalculate your rise.


Calculating Stair Dimensions

• To find your total run you multiply your total treads by 11. You can shorten this number if need be to increase headroom.• Now that you have total rise and run you can calculate how long your stringer must be.


Stringer Layout

• http://www.fieldshomeimprovement.com/ht_stairs.html


Activity1. Calculate the number and size of risers for a straight run stairway.

2. Calculate the unit run and the total run

3. On paper layout one stringer for this activity


Spiral Stairshttp://www.yorkspiralstair.com/images/glossary_center.jpg

http://www.stairwaysinc.com/stair01.jpghttp://www.yorkspiralstair.com/images/glossary_center.jpg


Disappearing Stairs

http://www.bessler.com


Escalators

http://tube.tfl.gov.uk/content/metro/02/0203/14/escalator.jpg http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/escalator-diagram.gif

technology education

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