Commonwealth Educational Media Centre for Asia

Technology Innovations in Teaching and

LearningBy

Sanjaya MishraDirector, Commonwealth Educational Media Centre for Asia,

New DelhiPresentation at the UGC sponsored seminar on Innovations in higher education held at Parvathaneni Brahmayya Siddhartha College of Arts & Science, Vijaywada, Andhra Pradesh,

India on 7 November 2014

What is Innovation? The act of starting something new. It

could be a new idea, a new product or a new process.

Creativity and change are central to innovation.

It is a creative process that advocates change.

The change could be radical or incremental.

However, it is different from invention. Innovation is idea applied in practice.

Innovation Stories

“Useless Toy” Eiffel Tower “There is no reason

anyone would want a computer in their home.” -- Ken Olsen, Digital Equipment Corporation, in 1977

Telephone by Andy Amcee athttp://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/06/25/t-mobile-offers-new-home-phone-service/Eiffel Tower by Benh LIEU SONG at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tour_Eiffel_Wikimedia_Commons.jpg

Disruptive Innovation

Some innovations are game changer

Community College Distance Education Mobile Technologies

Sources of InnovationNecessity is the mother of inventions

THE UNEXPECTED (eg. Nutrasweet: accidental)

INCONGRUITIES (eg. Tata Nano: small car with space)

PROCESS NEEDS (eg. Assembly line manufacturing; examination/admission sub-system in education)

INDUSTRY AND MARKET STRUCTURE (eg. Computer games)

DEMOGRAPHICS (eg. Anti-aging creams)

CHANGES IN PERCEPTION (eg. Healthy life: treadmill)

NEW KNOWLEDGE (eg. Biotechnology: Seedless grape)

-- Peter Drucker, “Innovation and Entrepreneurship” (1986)

Diffusion of Innovation

Many technologists think that advantageous innovations will sell themselves, that the obvious benefits of a new idea will be widely realized by potential adopters, and that the innovation will therefore diffuse rapidly. Unfortunately, this is very seldom the case. Most innovations in fact diffuse at a surprisingly slow rate. (Everett Rogers)

• Bell curve of diffusion

Barriers to Innovation

Innovation itself (eg. Usability and perceived usefulness)

Informal and social support structures (eg. family support, peers, etc)

Formal environment (eg. Work environment)

Risk aversion (eg. Fear of failure)

Leadership (eg. Innovation fostering leadership, distributed leadership for innovation)

Shared vision (eg. How teachers think about innovation and its contribution to overall educational process)

Change management (eg. Is there a plan to implement the innovation)

Negative Views About Innovations

This will never work. No one will want this. It can’t work in practice. People won’t understand it. This isn’t a problem. This is a problem, but no one cares. This is a problem and people care, but it’s already

solved. This is a problem, and people care, but it will never

make money. This is a solution in search of a problem.

Source: The Myths of Innovation by Scott Berkun

Some Innovation Examples Game to explain “Designing

online learning” (low impact) Puzzle to test knowledge

about distance education (low impact)

Rubrics to evaluate assignments (failed)

Online training using Wiki (high impact)

Attitude towards eLearning Scale (high impact)

Peer Assessment in Online learning (moderate impact)

PG Diploma in eLearning (high impact)

Pedagogical Innovations Massive Open Online Courses Badges to accredit learning Learning analytics Seamless learning Crowd learning Digital scholarship Geo-learning Learning from gaming Maker culture Citizen inquiry

Source: Open University Innovation Report 2: Innovating Pedagogies, 2013

Innovations in Educational Technology Time-to-Adoption Horizon:

One Year or Less> Flipped Classroom > Learning Analytics Time-to-Adoption Horizon:

Two to Three Years> 3D Printing> Games and Gamification Time-to-Adoption Horizon:

Four to Five Years> Quantified Self > Virtual Assistants

Source: NMC Horizon Report 2014 Higher Education Edition

Design Thinking

Curriculum Spaces

Processes and Tools

Systems

Four Areas to Design

Source: IDEO Design Thinking for Educators, 2012

Design Thinking

Discovery

Interpretation

Ideation

Experimentation

Evolution

Design Process

Source: IDEO Design Thinking for Educators, 2012

Innovations that YOU can try

Use of Social Media in the class (Twitter, Blogs, and Facebook)

Use technology in classroom Use of LMS Use of Tablet

Aptus

– Moodle– Wordpress– Wikipedia for schools– Khan Academy– Own Cloud

Low cost (< $100) Battery-powered

• Offline access to learning resources, tools.

Aptus www.col.org/Aptus

Mini PC – Rockchip processor– 2 GB RAM– micro SD card: 32 GB

WiFi router – Battery powered– Up to four fours

• Up to 15 users– radius of 25 metres

Some Ways of Thinking about Innovation

Doing Different Things Differently (DDTD)

Tread the Path Less Taken (TPLT) Chance Innovation-Planned

Innovation (CIPI) Belongingness, Involvement and

Thinking (BIT by BIT) Put Innovative Thinking before

Information Technology (IT-IT)

Thank You