technology tradeoffs with led lighting -- spectrum...steve paolini, telelumen llc ... •efficacy =...
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Panel | Technology Tradeoffs with LED Lighting - Spectrum -
Steve Paolini, Telelumen LLC
2017 SOLID-STATE LIGHTING TECHNOLOGY R&D WORKSHOP November 8, 2017 • Portland, OR
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Agenda
• Introduction • Reflected Spectrum of Objects • Light Source Spectrum
– Daylight, fire – Vacuum – Solid State (LED)
• Daylight data • Summary • Demo
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• Founded 2007 – Silicon Valley, CA • Purpose – Replicate any spectral power distribution
• Products and services to create and playback light • Privately owned • Current products:
• Light Replicator (16 color light player) • Octa (8 color light player) • LumenScripts (content)
• Recordings, created, composed digital data
Copyright Telelumen LLC 2017 All Rights Reserved
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Target Applications
• Healthcare – faster healing, wake/sleep improvement • Retail – make products more appealing • Workplace – increase productivity, wellbeing • Lighting company – designer spectrum, focus group evaluations • Horticulture – plant growth • Aquariums – fish, coral • Sensors (cameras) – firmware development • Color quality – consistency, metrics, studies • Movie, TV – outdoor scene and filter replication
Copyright Telelumen LLC 2017 All Rights Reserved
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Fixed color and tunable lamp/luminaires
Electrical power High voltage AC to regulated current DC
White LEDs
Heat sink Optics Room
Electrical power High voltage AC to low voltage DC
LED color 1 … n
Heat sink Optics Room
Current Driver 1
Current Driver n
…
IoT – command/control, data, sensors WIFI, Bluetooth, …
IoT – command/control, data, sensors WIFI, Bluetooth, …
Optional
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At the top of the LED value pyramid is the ability to
control the spectrum and the source size
digitally and efficiently.
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SPD is the definitive description of the CCT and chromaticity (color)
properties of a light source and through reflection the
rendering of an object.
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Spectral Characteristics of Illuminated Objects
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Data courtesy of Roland Connelly
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Data courtesy of Dieter Lang, LEDVANCE, Germany
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TM-30 colors - 99
Courtesy of Michael Royer, PNNL
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Reflectance Spectra of Skin half is between 600nm – 700nm
From: ”Face colour under varying illumination”, Chapter. 4; http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514267885/html/i1030756.html
Caucasian Asian
African
© 2002 Oulu University Library
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Light Source Spectrum
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Light Source Spectrum (in the beginning)
• Daylight
• Fire
• Continuous spectrum
• Intensity and spectrum change with time
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Light Source Spectrum (20th century)
• Vacuum sources
– Incandescent/Halogen – continuous spectrum
– Fluorescent – discontinuous spectrum
– Other discharge – discontinuous spectrum
• Metal Halide (higher CRI/TM-30)
• HPS, LPS, HGV (low CRI/TM-30)
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Light Source Spectrum (21st century)
• Solid state sources – White LED – continuous but truncated
• Blue and violet pumps plus phosphor(s)
– White Laser – continuous but truncated • Blue and violet pumps plus phosphor(s)
• Narrow beam – ex. car headlights
– Many color LED – continuous and broad • 5, 8, 16, 22, 32
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Efficacy vs. Efficiency
• Efficacy = lumens per electrical watt
• Efficiency = optical watts per electrical watt
• Lumens are a weighted measure of optical watts with a peak at 555nm (green) and falling off toward red and blue.
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Eye cone response for “standard observer”
Weighting for lumen
visible spectrum
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Halophosphate T12
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Triphosphor CFL, T8, T5
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LEDs
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Specifying Tunable Systems in General
• SPD for all color channels is required.
• Upper CCT at color quality – ex. 20kK, Rf>90
• Lower CCT at color quality – ex. 1200K, Rf>90
• Color gamut and fluorescence may also be important.
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Going forward - animation
• Tunable systems facilitate changes with time
– Warm dim, sweep CCT, fire
– Increase/decrease saturation while holding chromaticity constant
– Add/subtract fluorescence
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In general - SPD
• A more continuous spectrum and wider range of wavelengths produce higher color quality light sources. (more $)
• A less continuous spectrum and truncated range of wavelengths are often more efficient. (less $)
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Daylight Data
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Summary and Demo Introduction
• Spectrum is important for fidelity and preference.
• Broader wavelength range and less dropout in the SPD increases color quality and impact.
• Natural light sources have broad variable spectrum.
• Get a copy of the SPD for all sources.
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