techwisetv workshop: beyond 802.11ac wave 2
TRANSCRIPT
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Go Beyond 802.11ac Wave2
Bill Rubino, Mark Denny and Jim Florwick
May 25, 2016
With Innovations for High-Density NetworksGo Beyond 802.11ac Wave2
Bill Rubino – Enterprise Solutions Marketing ManagerMark Denny – Enterprise Wireless Product ManagerJim Florwick – Senior Technical Marketing Engineer
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Repercussions of the Digital Business
10X Growth in Mobile Data Traffic (2014 – 2019)1
Higher expectations for peak network performance
Increased velocity for business demands
Adapt quickly for dynamic changes
MORE DEVICES, MORE APPLICATIONS
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HealthcareGovernment Manufacturing Education Financial
Digitization Impacts All Sectors
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Enabling the Workspace of Tomorrow…Today
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Flawless Mission Critical App. Experience
Everywhere
Uninterrupted voice, video and collaboration on the move
Boost user and IoT device performance
Deliver “wired-like” connectivity for all devices
Grant Access Based on Who, What, When, Where
and How
Access resources based on deep context and enforce policy
across the entire network
Optimize the work environment
Quickly locate conference rooms, resources & colleagues
6
Attract and motivate talent | Foster collaboration and innovation | Increase productivityEmployee productivity 25% Energy consumption 30%
Enabling the Workspace of Tomorrow…Today
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Wi-Fi Connectivity Speed Timeline Gigabit Wi-Fi As Primary Access 3SS Desktops/Laptops
2SS Laptops/Tablets
1SS Tablets/Smartphones
*Assuming 80 MHz channel is available and suitable
**Assuming 160 MHz channel is available and suitable
802.11 802.11n802.11b 802.11a/g 802.11acWave 1
802.11acWave 2
3500**
2340**
1730**
290*
= Connect Rates (Mbps)
= Spatial StreamsSS
20162015
Gig
abit
Eth
erne
t Upl
ink
2 G
igab
it E
ther
net
Upl
inks
Minimum
Typical
Product
Max
1 SpatialStream
2 SpatialStream
4SpatialStream
s
3Spatial
Streams
20132007200319991997
2 1124
54 65
450
300
1300*
290*
870*
5260**
3500**
600*
Dual 5GHz
Mul
ti-G
igab
it U
plin
ks
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Addressing Growth 802.11ac Wave 2
Highest Wi-Fi Performance Ever
Better End Device Efficiency
For Highly Demanding Environments
Higher data rate than previous standard
Allows for more wireless data with wider channels
Simultaneously deliver data to multiple devices
Conserve end-device battery
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Better Traffic Handling 802.11ac Wave 2 with 160MHZ - Wider Channels
Wider Channels Allows More Traffic to Pass
Multi-User MIMO Uses the Channel to Max Capacity
20–40 MHz 80-160 MHz
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Simultaneous Data Delivery to Many DevicesMulti-User, Multi-In, Multi-Out
Devices get on and off the network quicker, allowing more devices to be served
Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO)Single-User MIMO (SU-MIMO)
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Better Client Support Battery Savings
Speed of 802.11ac results in less transmit/receive = Improved battery life
Data
802.11ac
802.11n
0MB 890MB 2.1GB 3.26GB 4.68GB 4.68GB
0MB 432MB 1.08GB 1.64GB 2.13GB 2.76GB
25%20%
15%10%
5%
25%20%
15%10%
5%
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Only Cisco Goes Beyond the 802.11ac Wave 2 Standard
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Flexible Radio AssignmentAdjust Radio Bands to Better
Serve the Environment.
2.4GHz. RADIO
5GHz. RADIO
RADIO 1
RADIO 2
Optimized RoamingIntelligently Connects the Proper Access Point as People Move
Turbo PerformanceScales to Support More Devices Running High Bandwidth Apps.
Zero Impact AVCHardware Based Application
Visibility and Control without Impact to Performance.
Cisco CleanAir® Remediates Device Impacting Interference
Cisco ClientLink Improves Performance of Legacy and 802.11ac Devices.
Expandability Add Functionality Via Module, Smart Antenna Port or USB Port
Multigigabit UplinksFree Up Wireless With Faster
Wired Network Offload Gb+
Flex Dynamic Frequency SelectionAutomatically Adjusts So Not to Interfere With Other Radio Systems
Innovations Only Cisco DeliversRadio Frequency Excellence for High-Density Environments
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DRAM (512)
5 GHz Radio
CPU800 MHz
DRAM (128) CPU
DRAM (128) CPU
2.4 GHz Radio
512 MHz
384 MHz
Hardware Offload
AP3700 - Custom
DRAM (1024)
DRAM (256)
CPU
Flexible Radio
640 MHz
640 MHz
CPU1.8 GHz
CPU1.8 GHz
Networking Subsystem
5 Gbps
SecureBoot
Hardware Offload
Multigigabit5 Gbps
AP3800 - Custom
DRAM (256)
CPU
5 GHz Radio
640 MHz
640 MHz
640 MHz
DSP
DSP
Hardware Matters…
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Maintain Performance with Zero Impact AVC
Gain Visibility into the Network
Monitor Critical Applications
Control Application Performance
APP APP APP APP
APP APP APP APP
APP APP APP APP
APP APP APP APP
Traditional Hardware Acceleration in an Access Point Zero Impact Application Visibility and Control
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• Default operating mode• Serve clients on both 2.4GHz and 5GHz
Flexible Radio Assignment
5GHzServing
2.4GHzServing
Wireless Security Monitor
• Dual 5GHz support, both radios serving clients on 5GHz• Maximum over the air data rate up to 5.2Gbps
• Wireless security monitoring• Scan both 2.4GHz and 5GHz for security threats• Serve clients on 5GHz
5GHzServing
5GHzServing
5GHzServing
• Flexible Radio Assignment initially supports 3 different roles of operation
• A customer can manually choose the role, let the network automatically decide, or choose to mix manual configuration and automatic selection
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Self Optimizing Network Flexible Radio Assignment
2.4GHzServing
2.4-5GHzMonitoringWireless Security, Wireless Assurance,Location*
5GHz.Serving
5GHz.Serving
CleanAIr
CleanAIr
!2.4GHzServing
5GHz.Serving
CleanAIr
*Future
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Self Optimizing Network Flexible Radio Assignment
2.4GHzServing
2.4-5GHzMonitoring
Wireless Security, Wireless Assurance,
Location*
5GHz.Serving
5GHz.Serving
2.4GHzServing
5GHz.Serving
5GHzServing
5HzServing
2.4GHzServing
*Future
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5GHz.Serving
Self Optimizing Network Flexible Radio Assignment
5GHzServing
2.4GHzServing
5GHz.Serving
5HzServing
5GHz.Serving
2.4GHzServing
2.4GHzServing
2.4-5GHzMonitoring
*Future
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Smart AntennaPort
Primary Antenna Connectors – Dipole and Cabled Antennas
Second Cabled Antenna
*Future
• Cisco pioneered intelligent antenna connection
• Allows a second cabled antenna to be connected to the Access Point
• Dual 5 GHz • Band specific antennas• Location antennas*
• Antenna versatility for challenging coverage deployments
Smart Antenna Port – 2nd Physical Antenna Connection
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5 Gigabit Port
Offload Wireless Traffic FasterMultigigabit Technology
Cisco Multigigabit
Standard Cat 5e/Cat6 Cables
1 Gigabit Port
Delivers up to 5 times the speeds in an enterprise, withoutreplacing cabling infrastructure
Supports PoE Up to 60W
5 Gigabit Port
Cisco
Catalyst 4500E
Catalyst 3850
Aironet 3800
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UTP Cable IEEE 10G SpecCAT 5/5e N/A
CAT 6 55 meters
CAT 6A 100 meters
CAT 7 100 meters
>75% of WW installed base is Cat 5e/6 up to 100 meters
10GBASE-T cannot work over vast majority of installed base Source: Cabling Installation & Maintenance Magazine,
Cabling Market Outlook Consumption Trends and Analysis Enterprise and Data Center Organizations, February 2014
Multigigabit Ethernet - Why Not Use 10GBASE-T?
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Maintain Switch to AP Reach at Higher SpeedsAdaptive Rate Technology (FE, 1G, 2.5G, 5G, and 10G) Future proofed for higher speeds
Infrastructure Investment Protection Supports up to 100m over Cat5e cabling up to 5G speeds for BrownfieldSupports Cat6a cabling for Greenfield deployments for higher speeds
POE/POE+/UPOE Cisco Innovation over 10GT Standard to support high end point power needs 802.3bt
Standards Compliant 1G and 10G BaseT IEEE standards 802.3bz, intermediate speeds standards in progress
Multigigabit Ethernet – Cisco InnovationKey Differentiators
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Future Wi-Fi Standards,
IoT, Li-Fi
Video Surveillance
Custom Application Using Linux
Improve Cellular: 3G /LTE,3.5GHz
Bluetooth Beacon, GPS
Location Antenna
Directional Antennas
Stadium Panel
Antenna
SMART ANTENNA
PORT
MODULEPORT
Self-Discover / Self-Configure
Other Other
Other
PRIMARY ANTENNAS
Potential Future Expandability
BluetoothBeaconing
Expandability and Investment Protection Meet Any Wi-Fi Use Case
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Cisco Aironet PortfolioPositioned to Capture the 802.11ac Wave 2 Transition
Enterprise Class Mission Critical Best in Class
1850• 4x4:3SS 80 MHz; 1.7 Gbps• Spectrum analysis*• Internal or external antenna• Tx beam forming • 2 Gigabit Ethernet ports• USB 2.0• Centralized, Cisco
FlexConnect and Mobility Express
2800• 4x4:3SS 160 MHz; 5 Gbps• 2.4 and 5 GHz or dual 5 GHz• 2 Gigabit Ethernet ports• Internal or external antenna• Smart antenna connector• Enhanced location*
(external antenna)• Cisco CleanAir® 160 MHz • Cisco® ClientLink 4.0• USB 2.0• Centralized, Cisco
FlexConnect and Mobility Express*
3800• 4x4:3SS 160 MHz; 5 Gbps• 2.4 and 5 GHz or dual 5 GHz• 1 Gigabit Ethernet + 1
multigigabit (5G)• Internal or external antenna• Smart antenna connector• Enhanced location*
(external antenna)• Cisco CleanAir 160 MHz• Cisco ClientLink 4.0 • Cisco StadiumVision®
• USB 2.0• Modularity• Centralized, Cisco
FlexConnect and Mobility Express*
1810w• 2x2:2SS 80 MHz; 867 Mbps• Tx beam forming• 1 Gigabit Ethernet port uplink• 3 Gigabit Ethernet local ports,
including 1 PoE out• Local ports 802.1X ready• Integrated Bluetooth Low
Energy gateway*
1830• 3x3:2SS 80 MHz; 867 Mbps• Spectrum analysis*• Internal antenna• Tx beam forming• 1 Gigabit Ethernet port• USB 2.0• Centralized, Cisco
FlexConnect® and Mobility Express
1810 OEAP• 2x2:2SS 80 MHz; 867 Mbps• 3 Gigabit Ethernet local ports
downlink, including 1 PoE out• One or two local ports can be
tunneled back to corporate *Post-FCS
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Cisco AP 2800/3800 and Flexible Radio Assignment – Your Network, Thinking it’s way through the Options
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• Default operating mode• Serve clients on both 2.4GHz and 5GHz
Flexible Radio Assignment AP 2800/3800
5GHzServing
2.4GHzServing
Wireless Security Monitor
• Dual 5GHz support, both radios serving clients on 5GHz• Maximum over the air data rate up to 5.2Gbps
• Wireless security monitoring• Scan both 2.4GHz and 5GHz for security threats• Serve clients on 5GHz
5GHzServing
5GHzServing
5GHzServing
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• If you’ve designed a network for dense 5 GHz coverage, then you have too many 2.4 GHz radios
• 5 GHz has 8x the channels of 2.4 GHz spectrum in the US.
• 2.4 GHz propagates roughly 1.5x farther
• With properly designed 5 Ghz coverage, 2.4 GHz becomes it’s own interference and causes more issues than it solves
• Prior to the 2800/3800 and 8.2 MR’s release, your only option was to disable up to 60% of these interfering 2.4 GHz radios.
• Disabling the radio provides no value from the hardware -no location, rogue or other information is gathered.
• RRM-FRA algorithm to identify redundant radios, and assign one of multiple roles that add value to the network.
Flexible Radio Assignment (FRA)- Redundant Radio Identification
3 dB wall
5 GHz 8 dBm TX
268 Feet
3 dB wall
2.4 GHz 8 dBm TX
200 feet
400 Feet
200 feet
5GHzServing
2.4GHzServing
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Running –Flexible Radio Assignment Redundant Radio Identification
• Richfield, Ohio competitive lab• AP’s 3800-1 to 3800-6
• All Auto FRA, Client Serving 2.4 GHz
• AP’s #1, 2, 4 and 5 are all in the same room – at 2.4 GHz one will re-use an already used channel
• That’s 4 radios, but still just 3 channels available
3800-3
3800-5 3800-4
3800-1
3800-6
3800-2
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• Coverage Overlap is the percentage (%) of a given cell that is covered by other AP’s at -67 dBm or greater
• All existing AP models considered in the coverage calculation
• The loudest 4 neighbors will be considered for coverage
• Only 2800/3800 can be marked as Redundant and assigned by FRA
Flexible Radio Assignment– COF, Coverage Overlap Factor
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Redundant Radio IdentificationPer RF Neighborhood Coverage Analysis
AP-1AP-2
AP-3
AP-4
AP-5
AP-6
AP-7
AP-8
• Using reciprocal NDP messages, each AP is given an x and y coordinate, we locate them relative to one another in RF Distance.
5GHzServing
2.4GHzServing
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Redundant Radio IdentificationPer RF Neighborhood Coverage Analysis
AP-1AP-2
AP-3
AP-4
AP-5
AP-6
AP-7
AP-8
• Using reciprocal NDP messages, each AP is given an x and y coordinate, we locate them relative to one another in RF Distance.
• Coverage area is represented by a circle around each AP – the diameter is based on present power level
• Overlap will be assessed based on a multi- point analysis within each AP’s calculated coverage area
5GHzServing
2.4GHzServing
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Redundant Radio IdentificationPer RF Neighborhood Coverage Analysis
• The resulting Overlap will be assessed based on multiple points within each target AP’s coverage area
• The loudest 4 neighboring AP’s will be used for coverage assessment
• COF - Coverage Overlap Factor – is the percentage of an AP’s cell – that is covered by neighboring AP’s
• A radio is only marked Redundant (and Re - assignable) if COF is above FRA Threshold (Low- 100%, Med – 95%, High – 90%)
5GHzServing
2.4GHzServing
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Flexible Radio Assignment –Back to Richfield
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Flexible Radio Assignment Opinion (Cisco Controller) >show advanced fra FRA State........................................ EnabledFRA Sensitivity.................................. high (90)FAR Interval..................................... 1 Hour(s) Last Run....................................... 2366 seconds ago Last Run Time.................................. 0 seconds
AP Name MAC Address Slot, Current BandCoverage, Overlap Factor %, Suggested Mode-------------------------------- ----------------- ---- -------------- --------3800-4 58:ac:78:df:9f:70 0 2.4GHz 80 2.4GHz3800-6 58:ac:78:df:9f:50 0 2.4GHz 76 2.4GHz3800-2 58:ac:78:df:6b:50 0 2.4GHz 76 2.4GHz3800-3 58:ac:78:df:9e:d0 0 2.4GHz 65 2.4GHz3800-5 58:ac:78:df:9e:80 0 5GHz 96 5GHz3800-1 58:ac:78:df:73:20 0 5GHz 92 5GHz
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FRA –RRF – Redundant Radio Identification
• After FRA changed 2 radios Roles• Coverage still excellent
100% coverage above -60 dBm!
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• Default operating mode• Serve clients on both 2.4GHz and 5GHz
Flexible Radio Assignment AP 2800/3800
5GHzServing
2.4GHzServing
Wireless Security Monitor
• Dual 5GHz support, both radios serving clients on 5GHz• Maximum over the air data rate up to 5.2Gbps
• Wireless security monitoring• Scan both 2.4GHz and 5GHz for security threats• Serve clients on 5GHz
5GHzServing
5GHzServing
5GHzServing
1
2
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AP2800/3800 “I” series antenna system (cover removed) Previously in the controller Access
Point radios were defined as…
Radio 0 = 2.4 GHzRadio 1 = 5.0 GHz
Using “Flexible Radio Assignment”Radio “0” can be configured as 2.4 GHz (default) or as an additional 5 GHz radio.
If configured as a 5 GHz radio the 2.4 GHz radio is disabled and the 5 GHz micro-cell antennas are used.
Micro-cell antenna is 6 dBi @ 5 GHzMacro-cell antenna is 5 dBi @ 5 GHz
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Difference in antenna designs allow for RF co-existence
Conventional AP footprint (Macro-Cell) uniform 360Degree coverage
Smaller AP footprint (Micro-Cell) uniform 360Degree but for smaller coverage area (high density) deployments
By using spatially-efficient and compact antenna design along with different channels & Tx RF power –BOTH radios can co-exist internally
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2800i/3800i Dual Band
Channel Utilization = 60%• The further a client is from the AP,
the lower the data rate will be• Data Rate is a function of SNR• The higher the SNR – The higher
the data Rate will be• 1 x5 GHz cell has a finite amount
of Air Time available• Capacity is the sum of all clients
within the cells Air Time• You can’t get more than a second
out of 1s of Air time - period
-63 dBm
-60 dBm
-58 dBm
-68 dBm
-71 dBm
-73 dBm
-75 dBm
-51 dBm
-63 dBm = Client RSSI at AP
Single 5 GHz cell
5GHzServing
2.4GHzServing
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2800i/3800i Macro/MicroDual 5 GHz
CU Chnl 36= 20% !CU Chnl 108=24% !
• Creating two RF diverse 5 GHz cells – Doubles the Air Time available
• Optimizing Connections (Macro vs Micro) keeps like performing clients together, rather than have one drag down the other
• RRM will optimize, based on received RSSI only at FCS – Other possibilities exist (protocol, SS Capability)
-63 dBm
-60 dBm
-58 dBm
-68 dBm
-71 dBm
-73 dBm
-75 dBm
-51 dBm
-63 dBm = Client RSSI at AP
Macro/Micro 5 GHz cell
5GHzServing
5GHzServing
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Intra-cell Roaming – Macro to Micro
Macro=Big
Micro=small
5GHzServing
5GHzServing
-51 dBm
-51 dBm
• The most likely scenario is a client will associate to the Macro cell first – since it has higher power and bigger footprint
• In this case, a client that has RSSI at the AP above the Macro to Micro transition threshold of -55 dBm will be moved into the Micro cell• -55 dBm default, configurable by user
• For an 802.11v client – on association we will send an 11v BSS Transition request with the Micro Cell BSSID as the only candidate
• For a non 11V client, we will send an 11K neighbor list and a disassociate
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Intra-cell Roaming – Macro to Micro
• If a client associates to the Micro cell first –less likely – but possible based on device scan and channels heard -
• In this case, a client that has RSSI at the AP at or below the Micro to Macro transition threshold of -65 dBm will be moved into the Macro cell• -65 dBm default, configurable by user
• For an 802.11v client – on association, we will send an 11v BSS Transition request with the Macro Cell BSSID as the only candidate
• For a non 11V client, we will send an 11K neighbor list and a disassociate
Macro=Big
Micro=small
5GHzServing
5GHzServing
-65 dBm-65 dBm
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Micro-Macro Initial Testing
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2800e/3800e Dual 5 GHz• Without Dart connector – Standard
AP• With Dart connector -
• Operation “IS” Macro/Macro• Macro Radio (Slot 0)
• TX Pwr and Channel Custom – or RRM• *100 MHz channel separation Custom or RRM
• Macro Radio (Slot 1)• TX Pwr and Channel Custom – or RRM• *100 MHz channel separation Custom or RRM
• Same SSID’s will be broadcast• Same AP Group and behavior applies to
Both radios – still one AP* Enforced by Software
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Dual 5 GHz – “E” Model – Macro/Macro cellsHigh Density at half the cable cost
• Using the Smart Antenna (DART) connector on the E Model enables Dual 5 GHz Macro-Macro cells with Discrete external antenna’s
• 10ft (3m) dual AIR-ANT2566D4M-R back to back
• 14 dBm -TX
• mGig provides throughput investment
• Existing conference centers can double capacity on existing cable plan
5GHzServing
5GHzServing
120’ x 55’6.6 K ft2
600m2
@-57 dBm
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Macro-Macro initial testingAIR-ANT2566P4M-R
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• Default operating mode• Serve clients on both 2.4GHz and 5GHz
Flexible Radio Assignment AP 2800/3800
5GHzServing
2.4GHzServing
Wireless Security Monitor
• Dual 5GHz support, both radios serving clients on 5GHz• Maximum over the air data rate up to 5.2Gbps
• Wireless security monitoring• Scan both 2.4GHz and 5GHz for security threats• Serve clients on 5GHz
5GHzServing
5GHzServing
5GHzServing
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But Wait – There’s more!XOR radio as a WSM?
5GHzServing
WirelessSecurityModule
• Just like the WSM and WSM2, the XOR radio can be used to monitor all channels continuously (2.4 and 5 GHz serially)
• Since it does not serve traffic – dwell time can be exclusively dedicated to monitoring. That’s 1200 ms dwells vs 50 ms dwells
• On the slot 0 radio on the 2800/3800 the radio can also transmit – so it could behave as a client – Wireless Assurance anyone?
• At FCS – • Wireless Security Module functionality
• 160 MHz CleanAir• wIPS• Rogue Detection• RRM metrics
Key Takeaways Twitter:• @Cisco_Mobility
Facebook:• facebook.com/CiscoWireless
Collateral and Blogs• cisco.com/go/wireless• cisco.com/go/80211ac• blogs.cisco.com/wireless/
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