tecnologia tbm epb hydro
TRANSCRIPT
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
STATUS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN DESIGN, MANUFACTURING AND PERFORMANCE OF TBMs
M. Eng. Dipl. Ing. Tobias Wiedenmann
HERRENKNECHT AG –– geotechnics, research and development
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
ITS GETTING CLOSER AT GROUND SURFACE. THE FUTURE IS UNDERGROUND.
• natural and artificial (infrastructural) barrieres
and ostacles often complicate today‘s
development of mobility and transport
• tilled ground surface for example in
cities and natural obstacles like montains
or waterways often avoid further
developments of the unearthly traffic
infrastructure
• increasing need of underground
infrastructure constructions
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
SOFT SOIL - TUNNELLING
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
SHIELDED MACHINES SM. APPLICATION RANGE.
DAUB:
„Shield machines are employed in loose soils with or without groundwater, in the case of which generally the subsoil surrounding the cavity and the face have to be supported. The characteristic feature of these machines is the type of face support.“
2 principle tunneling methods in soft groundwith full face excavation:
Earth-Pressure-Ballanced (EPB-Shield)Slurry-Shield (Hydro-Shield/Mixshield)
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
ACTIVE FACE SHIELDED MACHINES. CLASSICAL APPLICATION RANGE OF EPB AND HYDRO.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
SHIELD MACHINES SM. CLASSICAL APPLICATION RANGE OF EPB AND HYDRO.
Slurry-Shield
EPB-Shield
k=10-3 [m/s]
k=10-6 [m/s]
k=10 [m/s]
k=10-12 [m/s]
decr
easi
ng p
erm
eabi
lity
decr
easi
ng p
erm
eabi
lity
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
SHIELD MACHINES SM. APPLICATION RANGE OF EPB AND HYDRO. WITH ADDITIVES.
Slurry
EPB
sand
grain size distribution
40
0,006Sieve size d in mm
Perc
entf
iner
byw
eigh
td
in %
00,001
10
3020
0,002 0,02 0,06 0,2
siltHydrometer
clay fine-
706050
8090
100medium-
60
0,6 2,0 6,0 60,020,0100908070
gravel
50403020100
Sieve
coarse-
foam
fine- medium- coarse- fine- medium- coarse-
Perc
entf
iner
byw
eigh
td
in %
foamposibilityof openface ?
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
EPB – SHIELDS. WITH EARTH PRESSURE THROUGH COHESIVE GROUNDS.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
1. tunnelface
2. cutterhead
3. excavation chamber
4. bulkhead
5. thrust cylinders
6. screw conveyor
7. segment erector8. segment lining
1
2
3
4
5
67
8
EPB – SHIELD. THE OPERATION PRINCIPLE.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
EPB-SHIELD.SUPPORT OF TUNNEL FACE.
waterpressure
earthpressure
increasing / debasing thrust force
increasing / debasing advance rate
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
EPB-SHIELD. FOUR MODI. EXCAVATION METHOD: OPEN TO CLOSED.
closed mode
semi closed mode
open mode
slurry mode
decr
easi
ng fa
ce s
tabi
lity
decr
easi
ng w
ater
pres
sure
slurry
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
EPB-SHIELD.MODE: SLURRY / CLOSED.
slurry
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
EPB-SHIELD.MODE: SEMI CLOSED / OPEN.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
HERRENKNECHT MIXSHIELDS. HIGH SECURITY IN NON COHESIVE AND HETEROGENOUS GROUNDS.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
1. cutterhead
2. bulkhead
3. compressed air
4. submerged wall
5. slurry line
6. stone crusher
7. feed line
8. segment erector
1
2
3
4
56
7
8
MIXSHIELDS. THE OPERATION PRINCIPLE.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
1. submerged wall
2. working chamber
3. compressed air
4. bulkhead2
13
4
MIXSHIELDS. THE OPERATION PRINCIPLE.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
HARD ROCK - TUNNELLING
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
11. cutterhead
2. belt conveyor
3. thrust cylinders
4. segment erector
5. segment lining2
53
4
SINGLE SHIELD TBM. THE OPERATION PRINCIPLE.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
SHIELDMACHINES. SEGMENT LINING.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
factory made precast segments, manufactured
under controlled conditions
directly static sustainable after completion of the ring
cicular cross section offers static advances. → “moments are overlapped by normal forces”
directly waterproof (after completion of the ring)
standard sealing: water pressures up to 9 bar
neopren sealing: sealing function for 100 years and more
SHIELDMACHINES. SEGMENT LINING.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
TÜBBINGAUSBAU. SEGMENT GEOMETRY.
rectangular
segment
trapezoidal
segment
hexagonal
segment
spiral
segment
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
GRIPPER TBM. THE OPERATION PRINCIPLE.
1
2
5
3
4
1. cutterhead
2. small crown shield
3. drillings
4. wire mesh erector
5. gripper shoes
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
GRIPPER TBM. STEELARCHES, STEELMESHES, SPRAYED CONCRETE.
the steel mesh erector positions thesteel meshes and the steelarchesover the anchor drillings, whichavoid larger collapses into thetunnel behind the crown shield
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
concrete nozzle manipulator about60 m behind the cutterhead foravoiding dust pollution onneuralgic machine components
GRIPPER TBM. STEELARCHES, STEELMESHES, SPRAYED CONCRETE.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
1. telescopic shield
2. gripper shoe
3. thrust cylinders
1
23
DOUBLE SHIELD TBM. ALLROUND MACHINE TYPE FOR HARDROCK CONDITIONS.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR TUNNELBORINGMACHINES.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
GEOTECHNICS. GROUND RISK IN RELATION TO EXPLORATION.
Ground risk in relation to extent of preliminary geotechncial investigation
data acquisitions from investigations
unfo
rese
enne
ss
costsunforeseenness
practical limit of
data acquisition:
for every project, the optimal effort in
relation to economyand unforeseenness has
to be found !
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
GEOTECHNICS. INFLUENCE OF GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY.
choice of machine
and method
successof project
geology and
hydrology
influencesmanner
and extentof
water drainagewater permeabilitysoil conditioningsupport of tunnel faceremoval of obstaclescoverage, settlement, hievealingment, gradientaccuracy of advancebearing capacity of soil, soil improvementsoil removal
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
Important soil parameters for TBM concept in soft ground
grain size distributionunit weight γinner angle of friction ϕcohesion cpermeability kgroundwater condtionclay mineralogyAtterbergs limits wl, wp, wquartz contentelastic modulus Ec
lateral earth pressure coefficent K0
OCRetc.
GEOTECHNICS. INFLUENCE OF GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
design of shield structure
support pressure calculation
torque calculation
thrust force calculation
wear prognosis
GEOTECHNICS
GEOLOGY + HYDROGEOLOGY
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
design of shield structure:
thrust force calculation:
support pressure calculation:
DESIGN PARAMETERS AND DESIGN CRITERIA.
analytical methods: - full load approach
- arching therory
numerical methods: - FEM
analytical methods: - DIN 4085
- Jancsecz etc.numerical methods: - FEM
analytical: balance of all external and
internal forces
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
wear prognosis:
torque calculation:
DESIGN PARAMETERS AND DESIGN CRITERIA.
soft soil: experience, empirical
calculation methodshard rock: CSM modell etc.
soft soil: experience, empirical
calculation methods
hard rock: CSM modellNTNU modell
Sanio / Ewendt
etc.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
SHIELD MACHINES. SUPPORT PRESSURE ESTIMATION.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
SHIELD MACHINES. SUPPORT PRESSURE.
support pressure:
to maintain tunnel face stability in shield tunnelling the pressure of the support
mediums should be in balance with the outer earth and water pressure.
earth pressure:
analytical calculation of earth pressure based on 3-d arching effect and tunnel face
deformation not possible
water pressure:
consideration of hydrostatic pressure / perched water / tidal water levels
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
SHIELD MACHINES. SUPPORT PRESSURE. MODELS FOR COHESIVE & NON – CHESIVE SOILS.
Non-cohesive models:
application in coarse and mixed grained soils.
fracture along slip plane in excavation chamber
elastic failure
cohesive models:
application in cohesive soils
fracture in a spatial zone under continuous deformation
plastic failure
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
SHIELD MACHINES. SUPPORT PRESSURE. ANALYTIC MODELS.
practicalpractical relevant relevant methodsmethods
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
Failure monolith:
method with real failure body
(DIN 4085 based on
Piakowski/Kowalwski)
method with soil wedge „pseudo-
spatial“
(Jancsecz and Anagnostou/Kovari or
Horn)
SHIELD MACHINES. SUPPORT PRESSURE. TUNNEL FACE STABILITY.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
SHIELD MACHINES. SUPPORT PRESSURE. TUNNEL FACE STABILITY. EXAMPLE: JANCSCEZ MODEL.
Calculation method:
Determination based on consideration of balance of forces
with a composite, spatial failure model (rectangular soil column and soil wedge) basedon Horn.
Failure according to Mohr - Coulomb
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
DESIGN PARAMETERS AND DESIGN CRITERIA.EPB - CUTTERHEAD.
0,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3250 3500
Radius [mm]
Öffn
ungs
grad
[%]
open
ing
degr
ee[%
]
radius [mm]
layout cutterhead in rather non cohesive soil conditions
layout cutterhead in rather cohesive soil conditions
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
cutterhead design and opening degree in relation to excavated ground, mechanical tunnel face supporting function, material flow…
geology:
sand and gravel
geology:
sand, silt, clay„hard rock Mixshield“
DESIGN PARAMETERS AND DESIGN CRITERIA.MIXSHIELD - CUTTERHEAD.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
GEOTECHNICS. SOIL RECOMMENDATION.
EPB – Shield MIX – Shield
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
Soil recommendation for EPB-mode:
cohesive and plastic
soft to stiff consistency
small inner angle of friction
low permeability
GEOTECHNICS. SOIL RECOMMENDATION. EPB.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
EPB-SHIELD. CONDITIONING. FOAM.
Tenside
water
Screw conveyor
Pressure bulkhead
Cutting wheel
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
FOAM. PROPERTIES.
Properties of foaming:
creating plasticity
short term cohesion
lower angle of friction
lower permeability
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
reduction of dustreduction of choking disc cutters, clean disc and faster changing possiblegreater coaling effect with foam than with waterlower wear, abrasionlower torque
reduction of friction angle of soilshort term cohesion of soilplasticity and lower permeability of soillower wearlower torqueshort term stabilistation of facelower cloggingsoil structuring
hard rocksoft soil
FOAM. ADVANTAGES.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
FOAM. CONDITIONING IN SOFT SOIL.
low cohesive sand
short-term cohesion via foam
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
foam for structuring
FOAM. CONDITIONING IN HARD ROCK.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
FOAM. DIFFERENT FOAMS.
Different foams have different characteristics:
foaming capacity
stability
anti-clay capacity
rheological impact (liquefaction / stiffening)
drying-up capacity
„wet foam“
„dry foam“
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
FOAM. GENERATION.
polymerpolymer
airair
liquidliquid
additiveadditive
waterwater
tensidetenside
foamfoam
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
foam
screw conveyor
belt conveyor
Foam Injection Rate (FIR):
FIR regulates amount of foam
FIR correlates with pore volume
FIR = volume foam / voulme soil
FIR correlates with advance rate
FOAM. FOAM INJECTION RATE.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
FOAM. FOAM EXPANSION RATE.
13 parts air
additive (2 - 5%)Liquid:Example:
FER 14:1water (95 - 98%)
Foam Expansion Rate (FER):
FER regulates quality
low FER = wet foam
high FER = dry foam
FER = voulme foam/voulme liquid
1 part liquid
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
FOAM. CLOGGING. ANTI – CLAY – ADDITIVE.
Use of Anti-clay-Additives in clay as well as in silt & sand:
Problem- adhesion on steel surface- cohesion of greater clay lumps
Conclusion- clogging of cutting wheel - clogging of screw conveyor or
excavation chamber
Solution: addition of anti -
clay additives
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
0,30
0,40
0,50
0,60
0,70
0,80
0,90
1,00
1,10
1,20
1,30
1,40
1,50
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70Plasticity Index IP [%]
Con
sist
ency
Inde
xI C
Low clogging risk
Medium clogging risk
High clogging risk
soft
stiff
hard-stiff
hard
pulpy
FOAM. CLOGGING. PREDICTION OF CLOGGING RISKS.
IIcc = (w= (wLL –– w) / (ww) / (wLL –– wwP)P)
IIPP = w= wLL -- wwPP
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
1.) transport medium for excavated soil
2.) support medium for „active face support“
HYDROSHIELD / MIXSHIELD. SLURRY SUSPENSION.
principleprinciple rolerole::
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
creates an impermermeable membrane so that slurry can develop adequate
confinement pressure to ensure face stability
the viscosity of the slurry must allow a high velocity in the pipes for adequate mucking
slurry should limit wear by reducing friction
slurry should reduce sticking and flocculation in fine soils
slurry must allow for easy separation/mud treatment
slurry must be confirm with environment restriction
HYDROSHIELD / MIXSHIELD. SLURRY CHARACTERISTICS. BASIC ROLE.
principleprinciple characteristicscharacteristics::
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
Thickness of filter cake:
4% loose bedding
5% medium dense bedding
6% dense bedding
HYDROSHIELD / MIXSHIELD. FILTER CAKE.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
HYDROSHIELD / MIXSHIELD. MUD TREATMENT.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
HYDROSHIELD / MIXSHIELD. MUD TREATMENT. SEPARATION PLANT.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
1st cyclone levelwith
flo
ccul
ants
with
out
flocc
ulan
ts
2nd cyclone level
centrifuge
EXAMPLE: Sieve analysis of a slightly clayey, intensive sandy clay
HYDROSHIELD / MIXSHIELD. MUD TREATMENT. SIEVE ANALYSIS.
1st sieve
2nd sieve
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
HYDROSHIELD / MIXSHIELD. MUD TREATMENT. SEPARATION PLANT.
Details of hydrocyclon:1. Overflow nozzle2. Feed slurry3. Wear protection4. Underflow nozzle5. Underflow6. Overflow
sieve / dewatering screen:
cyclone:
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
HYDROSHIELD / MIXSHIELD. MUD TREATMENT. SEPARATION PLANT.
centrifuge:
filter press:
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
SPECIAL CHALLENGE OF LARGE SCALE TBM‘s
S–300: M30 Madrid, Spanien
S–317: Shanghai, China
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
S – 300, M 30 – MADRID. CHALLENGE IN DEVELOPMENT, SECURITY AND A VERY ROUGH OPERATING SCHEDULE.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
Madrid M30 roadtunnel with inspection- and
escapeways under the main deck.
Mounting of M30.
World largest EPB – Shield Ø15.2 m.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
S – 300: M 30. MADRID. SPAIN. GEOLOGY.
Yesos masivos
Penuelas + Yesos
Penuelas verdes y grisaceas
original designation
24gypsum > 50% gypsum white-grey with layers of silty clay grey hard., low resistence
38gravel 6% sand 13%
fine portion 81%
penuela with interleaves of gypsum white-grey, portion of gypsum
variable between 0–5 up to 50%
38 gravel 1% sand 11%
fine portion 88%
silty clay, green and green-grey, with layers of sandy silt
share trace[%]
particle sizedistibution
geological classification
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
S – 300: M 30. MADRID. SPAIN
EPB - Shield
Diameter: 15.200 mm
Tunnel length: 3.650 m
Cutterhead power: 12.000 kW
Geology: penuela, sand,
gypsum Customer: Necso
Ferrovial-Agroman S.A.
S-300 | M 30 Madrid | Spain
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
assembly of 60 drive units for the internal and externalcutterheads.
torque reduction by divided cutterhead with oppositedirectional rotation
M 30. MADRID.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
LARGEST EVER INSTALLED TORQUE.
125.268 kNm.
30 m30 m
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
CHALLENGE SOIL MATERIAL TRANSPORT.
calculation example:
• Logistics at 35 m/day advance:
→ 90 trucks for segments→ 18 trucks for concrete→ 810 truck for muck transport
Σ = ∼ 1000 trucks / day
• 3 screw conveyors for maximum
possible soil material transport…
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
- tunnel length: 3.650 m- advance time for hole 3.650 m:
8 month (about 15 m per day)- best daily advance:
36 m (18 rings)- Best weekly advance:
188 m (94 rings)
S-300Madrid M-30
0102030405060708090
100110120130140150160170180190200
45 47 49 51 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31
met
er
week
weekly advance
S – 300: M 30. MADRID. SUPERLATIVES.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
3,650 METERS IN 8 MONTH.MAX. ADVANCE RATE PER MONTH: 758 METER.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
S – 317: S – 317: SHANGHAI, CHANGJIANG TUNNEL & BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT CO. LTD.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
S – 317: SHANGHAI, CHANGJIANG TUNNEL & BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT CO. LTD. ALIGNMENT.
Connection between Pudong and Changjiang.
2 Double-deck road tunnels:Upper level: 2 lanes + rescue lane.Lower level: service +safety
• 2 parallel bored tunnels: Inside Diameter: 15,000 mm.Tunnel length: 7,170 m each
• Yangtze River Crossing: Maximum overburden above tunnel axis: 65 m
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
2 Mixshields
Shield diameter: 15,430 mm
Cutterhead power: 3,500 kW
Tunnel length: 7,170 m each
Geology: Sand, clay, shell debris
End user: Shanghai Changjiang Tunnel
& Bridge Construction Co., Ltd.
S-317 and S-318 | Changjiang Under River
Tunnel | Shanghai | China
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
- very soft clay laminated with thin silty sand, contains shell debris. Grey sandy silt - clay laminated with few thin silt layers, contains some shell debris.
- very soft silty clay with thin sand layers.
S – 317: SHANGHAI, CHANGJIANG TUNNEL & BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT CO. LTD. ALIGNMENT. GEOLOGY.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
THE CHALLENGE:
River crossing.
High groundwater pressures.
Adhesive soil conditions.
Long tunnel drives.
Application of currently largest TBMs world-wide.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
Actual information about cutting tool wear.
Economical tool change.
Limited damage on steel structure.
EFFICIENT SOFT GROUND TUNNELLING
WITH ELECTRONIC WEAR DETECTION SYSTEM.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
ACCESSIBLE CUTTING WHEEL SPOKES. TOOL CHANGE IN FREE AIR.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
ACCESSIBLE CUTTING WHEEL SPOKES. TOOL CHANGE IN FREE AIR.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
Lining segment production close to jobsite for just in time delivery
Best weekly performance: 110 m (55 rings)
Ø weekly performance: 61 m (31 rings)
FAST AND SECURE TUNNELLING.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENTS. TIMBY- TUNNEL IMMERGE BY HERRENKNECHT AND BOUYGUES - TIMBY.
mechanical excavation alternative to immersed tunnel procedure
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
TIMBY:
combination of tunnelexcavation and prestressing
TIMBY- TUNNEL IMMERGE BY HERRENKNECHT AND BOUYGUES.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
IMMERSED TUNNELS. CONVENTIONAL METHOD.
large spaces at the river shore necessaryexcavation of dry dock necessary
complex dewatering necessary
annoyance of the water traffic
etc.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
IMMERSED TUNNELS. CONVENTIONAL METHOD.
annoyance of the water traffic:
during immersion
during kneeling
manifold actions in relation
to discontinous excavation.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
IMMERSED TUNNELS. TIMBY.
no disturbance of the waterway…
many diameter typesposssible…
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
IMMERSED TUNNELS. TIMBY.
pre – stressed segment ring…
superimposed load againstbouyancy…
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
IMMERSED TUNNELS. TIMBY.
no disturbance to the water traffic
tunnel logistics through finished
tunnel tube
use of common technique
continous excavation
etc.
H E R R E N K N E C H T A G | T R A F F I C T U N N E L L I N G april 2008
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION…