telecommunications 1

Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1Audio ProductionAudio Production

What’s your background?What’s your background?


What are some terms?What are some terms?

Have you noticed audio?Have you noticed audio?

QuestionsQuestions

Why is it important?Why is it important?


Why is Audio Production Why is Audio Production important?important?

Supplements the video Supplements the video presentationpresentation

(adds detail to overall (adds detail to overall presentation)presentation)

Highlights important dialogue, Highlights important dialogue, sound effects, sound effects, ambianceambiance while while filtering out unnecessary noisefiltering out unnecessary noise

(Traffic, Crowds, Wind, etc.)(Traffic, Crowds, Wind, etc.)

Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1

ListenListenTelecommunications 1Telecommunications 1

What do you hear?What do you hear?

Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1AmbienceAmbience

Organic noise Organic noise occurring naturally in occurring naturally in a settinga setting

Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1AmbienceAmbience

How do we filter How do we filter ambience?ambience?

MicrophoneMicrophone


Microphone (Mic) Microphone (Mic)

Pickup PatternPickup Pattern

Polar PatternPolar Pattern

-Apparatus used to pickup sound and -Apparatus used to pickup sound and transform it into electric audio signal. transform it into electric audio signal.

-The zone within which a -The zone within which a microphone hears soundmicrophone hears sound

-Two dimensional representation -Two dimensional representation of a mic’s pickup patternof a mic’s pickup pattern


Pickup PatternPickup Pattern

Picks Up

Sound from All

Sides


Picks Up

Sound from All

Sides

Polar PatternPolar Pattern

Audio ProductionAudio Production

OmnidirectionalOmnidirectional

UnidirectionalUnidirectional

-Picks up sound equally well from ALL -Picks up sound equally well from ALL directionsdirections

-Multi-directional-Multi-directional

-Picks up sound from the FRONT of the mic-Picks up sound from the FRONT of the mic

-One direction-One direction CardioidCardioid

-Another name for a unidirectional mic-Another name for a unidirectional mic

-Gets its name from the HEART-SHAPED-Gets its name from the HEART-SHAPED

pickup patternpickup pattern

Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1Microphone TypesMicrophone Types

Omnidirectional MicrophoneOmnidirectional Microphone

Microphone TypesMicrophone Types

Picks Up

Sound from All

Sides

Picks Up

Sound from All

Sides

UnidirectionalUnidirectional

Picks Up Sound From Only The Front

CardioidCardioid

Picks Up Sound

from Only the Front

Heart-Shaped Pickup Pattern

Hypercardioid, Supercardioid, and UltracardioidHypercardioid, Supercardioid, and Ultracardioid

Shotgun MicShotgun Mic

-Have a long pickup pattern-Have a long pickup pattern

-Can pick up sounds from far away and -Can pick up sounds from far away and transmit them as if they’re up-closetransmit them as if they’re up-close

-Heart-shape pickup pattern is widened -Heart-shape pickup pattern is widened to that of a watermelonto that of a watermelon

-Gets its name from the long physical -Gets its name from the long physical shape of the microphone shape of the microphone


HypercardioidHypercardioid

Picks Up Sound

from Only the Front

Watermelon-Shaped Pickup Pattern

Shotgun MicrophoneShotgun Microphone

Audio ProductionAudio ProductionTelecommunications 1Telecommunications 1

DynamicDynamic

CondenserCondenser

-Uses a small coil that moves within a -Uses a small coil that moves within a magnetic field magnetic field

when activated by soundwhen activated by sound

-Most rugged/durable-Most rugged/durable

-Can be used around loud noises and won’t -Can be used around loud noises and won’t distortdistort

-Uses a movable plate that oscillates against a -Uses a movable plate that oscillates against a fixed fixed

plate to produce an audio signalplate to produce an audio signal

-More sensitive/better quality-More sensitive/better quality

-Requires a power supply to operate oscillating -Requires a power supply to operate oscillating plateplate

RibbonRibbon-Extremely sensitive/loud noises cause -Extremely sensitive/loud noises cause

permanent damagepermanent damage

-Usually found in recording studios-Usually found in recording studios

Dynamic MicrophoneDynamic Microphone


Condenser MicrophoneCondenser Microphone


Ribbon MicrophoneRibbon Microphone


Hand MicsHand Mics

-Held in hand by Talent-Held in hand by Talent

-Allows for greater sound control-Allows for greater sound control--ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES: Need only one mic; Talent : Need only one mic; Talent

controls sound variance by moving mic closer controls sound variance by moving mic closer or farther awayor farther away

--DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES: Inexperienced Talent : Inexperienced Talent pointing mic in the wrong directions; Talent pointing mic in the wrong directions; Talent NOT hands-free; have to pull a cable along NOT hands-free; have to pull a cable along with you with you

(If it’s not wireless)(If it’s not wireless)


Hand MicHand Mic


Boom MicsBoom Mics

-Hypercardioid mics attached to a long -Hypercardioid mics attached to a long rod which is then suspended over rod which is then suspended over Talent, out of shotTalent, out of shot

-Boom operator moves the microphone -Boom operator moves the microphone as close or as far away from the Talent as close or as far away from the Talent as they like without placing the boom as they like without placing the boom in shotin shot

--ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES: Talent doesn’t have to worry : Talent doesn’t have to worry about mic placement at all; COMPLETELY about mic placement at all; COMPLETELY hands-freehands-free

--DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES: Must light shot so that boom : Must light shot so that boom shadow is shadow is not seen; Talent can potentially not seen; Talent can potentially move out of rangemove out of range


Boom MicrophoneBoom Microphone


Boom OperatorBoom Operator


Microphone TypesMicrophone Types LavaliereLavaliere

-Small, rugged, omnidirectional mic used -Small, rugged, omnidirectional mic used primarily for voice pickupprimarily for voice pickup

-Usually clipped onto clothing (jacket -Usually clipped onto clothing (jacket lapel, shirt collar) 6-8 inches below the lapel, shirt collar) 6-8 inches below the chinchin

--ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES: Talent is hands-free; distance : Talent is hands-free; distance from mic to Talent never changes; needs no from mic to Talent never changes; needs no special lighting special lighting

considerations; excellent mobilityconsiderations; excellent mobility

--DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES: Picks up ambient noise; need : Picks up ambient noise; need one one

mic per subject; picks up rubbing noises if the mic per subject; picks up rubbing noises if the talent talent

moves; muffled sound if concealed under moves; muffled sound if concealed under clothesclothes

Lavaliere MicrophoneLavaliere Microphone


Wireless Lav MicrophoneWireless Lav Microphone


ListenListenTelecommunications 1Telecommunications 1

Which do you prefer?Which do you prefer?


Supplements the video Supplements the video presentationpresentation

(adds detail to overall (adds detail to overall presentation)presentation)

Highlights important dialogue, Highlights important dialogue, sound effects, sound effects, ambianceambiance while while filtering out unnecessary noisefiltering out unnecessary noise

(Traffic, Crowds, Wind, etc.)(Traffic, Crowds, Wind, etc.)




PROPROMakes Your Production Makes Your Production

MoreMore

FESFESSIONSIONAL!AL!


TomorroTomorrow:w:

Day #2Day #2

PROFESSIONALPROFESSIONALWhy is Audio Production Why is Audio Production

important?important?


Makes Your Makes Your Production MoreProduction More


TomorroTomorrow:w:

Day #2Day #2



PROPROMakes Your Production Makes Your Production

MoreMore

FESFESSIONSIONAL!AL!

Audio TerminologyAudio TerminologyMicrophone

Apparatus that converts sound to electric signal

Pickup Pattern

Polar Pattern

Omnidirectional

UnidirectionalFrom all directions; multi-directional

Where a microphone picks up sound

2-dimensional representation of pickup pattern

From one directionCardioid

Heart-shaped pickup pattern of unidirectional mic

DyamicRugged, dependable mic; filters out loud noised

Condenser

Ribbon

Hand Mic

LavaliereHeld by talent; allows for better sound control

Sensitive mic, better sound pickup; requires phantom power

Extremely great sound pickup; extremely sensitive; harsh sound can destroy it

Hands-free mic; requires one mic per subjectBoom Mic

Held by off-camera grip; hands-free; can be in-shot

Audio TerminologyAudio Terminology

XLR ConnectionXLR Connection

-3-pin connection; professional -3-pin connection; professional standardstandard

-Relatively immune to outside -Relatively immune to outside frequencies/interferencefrequencies/interference

Connection TypesConnection Types

Remember: 3 pins = 3 Remember: 3 pins = 3 lettersletters


3 Pins

Phone PlugPhone Plug

-1/4 “ connection-1/4 “ connection

-Common with consumer -Common with consumer microphonesmicrophones

-Usually used for instruments -Usually used for instruments (e.g. guitars)(e.g. guitars)


Also called a “quarter Also called a “quarter inch” pluginch” plug

Phone/1/4” PlugPhone/1/4” Plug

XLR – ¼” ConnectionXLR – ¼” Connection

RCA ConnectionRCA Connection

-Extremely common-Extremely common

-Usually used for monitor -Usually used for monitor input/outputinput/output

-Stereo audio (Right and Left -Stereo audio (Right and Left channels)channels)


RedRed = Right = Right WhiteWhite = = LeftLeft

RCA PlugsRCA Plugs

RCA PlugsRCA Plugs

video

Mini Plug ConnectionMini Plug Connection

-Smallest connection-Smallest connection

-Consumer microphones and -Consumer microphones and headphonesheadphones

-Usually requires a ¼” adapter -Usually requires a ¼” adapter or vice versaor vice versa


Field camera Field camera input =input =

MiniMini

Mini PlugMini Plug

Field Camera InputField Camera Input

XLR3-pin audio connection; high quality soundPhone Plug

RCA

MiniSmall connection, most commonly used in headphones, low-end mic connections; low quality

¼" audio connection; good quality soundMost common audio connection; good for conventional audio equipment (stereo, DVD player, game console)

Audio TerminologyAudio Terminology

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Documents

pickup sound

sound effects

audio productionpicks

audio productionwhy

audio productionwhats

audio production important

long pickup pattern

shape pickup pattern