tema2 science.doc

8/10/2019 TEMA2 SCIENCE.doc

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SCIENCE YEAR 5

UNIT 2-PLANTS

1. CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANTS

The living things in the plant kingdo have these !ha"a!te"isti!s#

o The$ a"e %ULTICELLULAR o"ganis&o The$ CANN'T ove a"o(nd&o The$ ake thei" o)n *ood&o The$ have "oots+ a ste and leaves&o Alost all plants live on land& Soe a"e a,(ati!

2. PARTS OF A PLANT http#)))&$o(t(.e&!o)at!h/v01(a53'4iA

3. GROUPS OF PLANTS

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HuKa57OJ_iAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HuKa57OJ_iA


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Plants are classified into two groups: plants with flowers and plants

without flowers.

FLOWERING PLANTS a"e the la"gest g"o(p )ithin the plant

kingdo& App"o7iatel$ 289+999 spe!ies o* :o)e"ing plant have.een naed so *a"& These plants "ep"od(!e )ith seeds&

;lo)e"ing plants !an .e GYMNOSPERMSo" ANGIOSPERMS&

NON-FLOWERING PLANTS a"e the sallest g"o(p o* plants&

%osses+ *e"ns+ and thei" "elatives a"e plants that do not p"od(!e

:o)e"s& The$ "ep"od(!e .$ eans o* SP'RES& %ost live in shad$ o"

dap ha.itats&

http#)))&$o(t(.e&!o)at!h/

*eat("e0pla$e"e.eddedI.9?t0@@

4. PLANT NUTRITION

http#)))&$o(t(.e&!o)at!h/

v0C6(e5B6oDd1CY6thBE

Plants+ like all living things+ !a""$ o(t the p"o!ess o* n(t"ition&

The$ have three stagesin n(t"ition#

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o Gymnosperms: The term gymnosperm is derived from two Greek words:

gymnos, meaning naked, and sperma, meaning seed. The term refers to

plants, such as pineand spruce, in which seeds mature on the surface of

cone scales. When the cone falls, it breaks and releases seeds. The seeds are

blown by the wind, washed away by water, or moved by animals until they

reach a place where a new plant can grow.

Most gymnosperms are evergreens. Evergreens are trees that lose only a few

leaves at one time and constantly replace the leaves they have lost. So, they

look green all the time.

o Angiospermis a seed plant that produces flowers. ruits, vegetables, grains,

and almost all nuts come from angiosperms. !ngiosperms are the most

abundant plants. There are more than "#$,%%% different kinds of

angiosperms.
http://www.factmonster.com/dk/encyclopedia/non-flowering-plants.html#ENCY090SPOREShttp://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=t4m2PoqVIb0#t=33http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=t4m2PoqVIb0#t=33http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1_uez5WX1o&list=PLuWlF2IpRFcoY3vtUH02C2V9dHCY1thWEhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1_uez5WX1o&list=PLuWlF2IpRFcoY3vtUH02C2V9dHCY1thWEhttp://kidsresearchexpress.blogspot.com/2008/08/pine-tree.htmlhttp://kidsresearchexpress.blogspot.com/2008/07/spruce.htmlhttp://kidsresearchexpress.blogspot.com/2008/08/pine-tree.htmlhttp://kidsresearchexpress.blogspot.com/2008/07/spruce.htmlhttp://www.factmonster.com/dk/encyclopedia/non-flowering-plants.html#ENCY090SPOREShttp://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=t4m2PoqVIb0#t=33http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=t4m2PoqVIb0#t=33http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1_uez5WX1o&list=PLuWlF2IpRFcoY3vtUH02C2V9dHCY1thWEhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1_uez5WX1o&list=PLuWlF2IpRFcoY3vtUH02C2V9dHCY1thWE


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Plants get the ntr!entsthe$ need *"o the soil and ai"#The" get #ar$%n &!'(!&e )r'* the a!r thr'gh the!r

lea+es,The" get .ter an& *!neral salts )r'* the s'!l thr'gh

the!r r''ts,

The$ ake thei" o)n *ood th"o(gh the p"o!ess o*

photos$nthesis#Plants *a/e the!r 'n )''& $" *!(!ng #ar$%n &!'(!&e

an& the ("le* sa0, Th!s )''& !s #alle& 0h'le* sa0,

Plants nee& snl!ght )'r 0h't's"nthes!s, The Green

s$stan#e !n lea+es #at#hes the sns l!ght, Th!s

s$stan#e !s #hl'r'0h"ll,

1r!ng th!s 0r'#ess2 0lants 0r'e '("gen an& le! !t 't!n the at*'s0here s' 'ther l!+!ng th!ngs #an $reathe,

Thei" *ood is t"anspo"ted th"o(gho(t the plant&

5. PLANT REPRODUCTION

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I* $o( a"e an o"ganis+ $o( )ill need to re0r'e& 'the")ise+ the"e )ill

.e no o"e o* $o(" spe!ies and the spe!ies )ill die o&

The ost advan!ed o* the plants have thei" o)n )a$ o* se7(all$

"ep"od(!ing& It is a ve"$ *an!$ and ve"$ !ople7 p"o!ess&

Plants that "el$ on 3'ers *o" "ep"od(!tion a"e also ve"$ dependent on

o(tside help s(!h as inse!ts and anials& Bhile !oni*e"s have the t)o

st"(!t("es on one t"ee+ :o)e"ing plants )ent one step *("the" and p(t

the devi!es that ake and "e!eive pollen in the sae st"(!t("e&

Petals4F"ightl$ !olo("ed& The$

a"e (sed to att"a!t inse!ts .$thei" ."ight !olo(" and s!ent&

Se0als4 G"een leaves a"o(nd theo(tside o* the :o)e"& Sepals a"e(s(all$ salle" than the petals+&Used to p"ote!t the :o)e" )hile itis still in .(d&

Sta*ens4This is )he"e pollen isadeIt is the ale pa"t o* the :o)e"&The staen has t)o pa"ts#

the 5la*ent Ha thin stalk andtheanther)hi!h is)he"e 0'llen is ade

6ar0el4The !a"pel is the g"eenstalk in the iddle o* the :o)e"&It is the *eale pa"t o* the :o)e"&The !a"pel has th"ee pa"ts#

At the top is the st!g*a,This is)he"e pollen has to land&

Felo) the stiga is the st"leandthen the '+ar")hi!h is )he"eseeds a"e *o"ed

Se7(al "ep"od(!tion in a :o)e"ing plant has ;'UR ain stages

=

Pollination: This is when pollen lands on a new flower

Fertilization: This is when the pollen and the seed meet

Seed dispersal: This is when the seed is spread around, away from the

plant that made it

Germination: This is when the seed, having reached the ground, starts to

grow into a new plant
http://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_plant_reproduction.htm#Pollinationhttp://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_plant_reproduction.htm#Fertilizationhttp://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_plant_reproduction.htm#Seed%20dispersalhttp://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_plant_reproduction.htm#Germinationhttp://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_plant_reproduction.htm#Germinationhttp://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_plant_reproduction.htm#Seed%20dispersalhttp://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_plant_reproduction.htm#Fertilizationhttp://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_plant_reproduction.htm#Pollinationhttp://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_plant_reproduction.htm#Germinationhttp://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_plant_reproduction.htm#Seed%20dispersalhttp://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_plant_reproduction.htm#Fertilizationhttp://www.mikecurtis.org.uk/ks2_plant_reproduction.htm#Pollination


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Pollination http://www.youtue.com/watch!v"#tcm$%iomf&

' plant ispollinatedwhen pollen from another flower reaches it.

Pollen is a yellow dust and it has to reach the stigma of the plant eing

pollinated.

The pollen has to e carried from the stamen of one flower to the stigma of

another.

&t is usually carried y ees (or other small animals) ut it can e carried y the

wind.

;e"tiliation

'fter pollination fertilization ta*es place. This is when the pollen and the ovule

+oin together to ma*e a seed.

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8tcmBCiomfIhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8tcmBCiomfI


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The seed also contains a food store, usually starch.

The part of the flower surrounding the seed is *nown as thefruit.

'fter fertilization the petals and stamens wither and die. The ovary (which forms

the fruit) swells up, sometimes consideraly. (ie as in the apple)

Seed dispe"sal

The +o of the fruit is to carry the seeds as far as possile from the parent plant

so the new plants have room to grow and do not compete for resources such as

light, water and nutrients in the soil.

This process is called seed dispersal.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/seed-dispersal/2258.html

plant will dip!"! t#!i" !!d $%&" 'ain wa()

1. The fruit is eaten by animals such as birds but are not

digested. The seeds pass out the animal along with its

droppings eg cherry, blackberry. These fruits look and taste

nice.

2. The fruit splits open. sometimes this happens with a lot of

force and the seeds are shot out. eg beans. the pod is the

fruit and the beans are the seeds.

3. The fruits have little hooks. these hooks stick to the fur of

animals. eg burdock.

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http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/seed-dispersal/2258.htmlhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/seed-dispersal/2258.html


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4. The fruits have wings or hairs and this lets them get

carried by the wind,. eg sycamore trees have winged fruits.

Ge"ination

Germination is the process y which the seed actually starts to grow.

Conditions needed for germination

The seed will not germinate untill it gets warm. 's well as warmth the seed also

needs oygen and water to grow.

-ithout all three (-ater, oygen and warmth) the seed will not grow.

The germination periodis time etween planting and starting to germinate.

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