tenure security, urban services and slum upgrading the case of ribeira azul, bahia, brazil ivo...
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Tenure Security, Urban Services and Slum Upgrading
The Case of Ribeira Azul, Bahia, Brazil
Ivo Imparato, World Bank, LCSUW
November 2007
The city of Salvador
• Number of slums: 357
• People living in slums: 800,000 (ca. 30% of city’s population)
Salvador, Bahia - Brazil
Chronology
1970’s Initial interventions of the Government of Bahia in the area of Alagados, Salvador
1993 Start of systematic collaboration between the State Government of Bahia and the italian NGO AVSI, with the support of the Italian Government and the contribution of the World Bank (Novos Alagados Project – 15,000 beneficiaries)
1996 Istanbul – Habitat II – UN Conference on Human Settlements
1995 Viver Melhor I Program, with financial support from the Federal level (Caixa), Habitar Brasil/IADB, Produr/World Bank and the State Government of Bahia
1998 Scaling up of Novos Alagados Project in partnership between the State Government of Bahia, AVSI and the World Bank – Produr loan.
Chronology
1999 Start of the implementation of Ribeira Azul Program
Constitution of the Cities Alliance by World Bank and UN-Habitat; Italy was a founding member
2001 Start of Cities Alliance Technical and Social Assistance Project to Ribeira Azul Program (135,000 beneficiaries)
Objective:Integrated Program for the reduction of urban poverty, aiming to improve the quality of life of 135,000 people
Actions:• Urban upgrading and environmental
recovery;
• Resettlement of stilt dwellers;
• Home improvement;
• Construction and restructuring of community and social facilities;
• Human development sub-projects
Ribeira Azul Program
FEATURES OF THE PROGRAM AREA:
Ribeira Azul Program
Corresponding to 22% of all informal settlement residents in Salvador
Social intervention area: ca. 4 km2
Population......: 135,000
Dwellings........: 40,000
Physical intervention area
Stilt houses...................: 3,500Dwellings on dry land...: 9,000
from stilt houses to urban neighbourhood
1996 2003
Qualitative change
Source: Results Evaluation Report, 2006
3%31%Houses without toilets
84%21%Access to sewerage system
88%72%Access to eletricity
91%37%Access to water system
80% 50%Garbage collection
20062000Service
Ribeira Azul ProgramAreas with concluded or on-going works
Relocation of stilt dwellers
Programa Ribeira Azul
Stilt dwellings in 1994............................................................3,500
Households relocated from stilt dwellings.............................2,700
Households still to be relocated...............................................800
Program Features
Scaling up
Participatory action: the community and local associations as partners of a program for the reduction of urban poverty;
Institutional strengthening;
Integrated and area-based infrastructure and urban development interventions;
Facing slum upgrading issues and problems which can be systematized and disseminated;
Robust monitoring and evaluation system
Ribeira Azul Partnership
70
Local Associations
Ministérodas Cidades
2003 Definition of strategic principles for the new Viver Melhor II Program, replicating the methodology applied in Ribeira Azul in other areas of the State of Bahia
2005 Approval of the World Bank loan and approval of an Italian-funded Cities Alliance grant for Technical and Methodologial Assistance to Viver Melhor II Project (PAT)
2006 Start-up of Viver Melhor II Project and PAT activities
1994
Novos Alagados(Salvador)
2001
Ribeira Azul(Salvador)
2006
Viver Melhor(Bahia)
Integrated approach
Macro-area
Integrated approach
LocalState policy of integrated
urban development
Viver Melhor II Project
Viver Melhor II Project
Adoption of the integrated, area-based and participatory methodology of Novos Alagados/Ribeira Azul
Scaling up: from a local project to a state level program
Focus on pro-poor, integrated urban development policies and actions as an entry point for poverty reduction
Key concepts:
Viver Melhor II Project
ViverMelhor
II
USD 82.1 million
Component A
Urban infrastructure delivery
Component B
Component C
Social services delivery
Institutional Strengthening, Studies and Project Management
USD 54.8 million
USD 19.5 million
USD 7.8 million
65%
25%
10%
Challenges Going Forward
Land tenure regularization
Cost recovery
Resettlement housing
Affordable land supply – prevention of new invasions
Enlarged partnership for O&M of the investments / sustainability
Local Economic Development – income generation
Crime and violence prevention
Challenges in Scaling Up
Intersectoral work
Participation
Support to local associations
Management of significant resources of social component
Training and co-ordinating the new actors
Transforming lessons learned into public policies
Replicability of a successful methodology on a larger scale: