APPLICATIONS Well construction and completion,

including wellbore stability assessment and sanding potential

Well stimulation, including design and evaluation of hydraulic fracturing treatments

In situ stress determination Assessment of anisotropic elastic prop-

erties for calibration of Sonic Scanner* acoustic scanning platform

Assessment of permeability loss and compressibility induced by compaction and compaction-induced casing damage

Assessment of rock heterogeneity and scaling relationships

BENEFITS More accurate prediction of

reservoir potential by using a host of geomechanics testing services

Reduced risk through comprehensive analysis of rock behavior at both near-wellbore and far-field reservoir conditions

TerraTek* rock mechanics and core analysis services include comprehensive core testing for global geomechanics testing applications. Services include single or multistage triaxial tests, uniaxial strain tests, scratch tests, indentation tests, thick-walled cylinder tests, pore volume compressibility tests, thermal properties tests, and short- and long-term creep tests. This geomech anics testing lays the foundation for a complete understanding of the most effective stimulation treatments and the production potential of a conventional or unconventional reservoir.

These tests provide data for a variety of geomechanical properties, including unconfined com-pressive strength, tensile strength, fracture toughness, complete shear failure envelope including compactant cap, static and dynamic elastic moduli, poroelastic properties, compaction, and permeability variations during injection or depletion cycles, thermal expansion coefficients, thermal conductivity, specific heat, Brinell hardness, and full anisotropic mechanical characterization.

The dedicated experts in the laboratory clean and prepare samples, run mechanical tests, perform data reduction and interpretation, prepare electronic client reports and presentations, and teach geomechanics training courses. The team also regularly designs and performs specialized nonroutine tests requested by clients. Examples of such specialized tests include sand management studies, soft-rock hydraulic-fracturing experiments run live in the computed tomography (CT) scanner, and true pore pressure depletion tests at high pressure and temperature.

Data generated in the laboratory can be used in conjunction with other services involving drilling and completions laboratory services, routine and special core analysis, TerraTek TRA* tight rock analysis services, and detailed petrographic analysis.

View of part of the main geomechanics laboratory in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA showing table-top load frames used in routine rock mechanics testing.

TerraTek Services Geomechanics TestingAccurate assessment of reservoir geomechanical properties

www.slb.com/TerraTek

TerraTek Services Geomechanics Testing

*Mark of SchlumbergerCopyright 2013 Schlumberger. All rights reserved. 13-TS-0149

Basic geomechanics testing program Reservoir properties Mechanical properties Petrologic properties Core geologic description Core fracture evaluation Fluid sensitivity Continuous strength profiling TerraTek HRA* heterogeneous rock

analysis services and core-to-log integration Quality control

Geomechanical properties Strength, including complete failure envelope Creep Acoustic properties Static and dynamic anisotropic

elastic constants Poroelastic parameters Compressibility Thermal properties Ultrasonic velocities measurements

Equipment Scratch testing machines for continuous

strength profiling Load frames with a wide range of capabili-

ties: 0.5- to 6-in-diameter samples, 50,000-psi confinement, 30,000-psi pore pressure, 1,000,000-lbf axial load, axial or horizontal flow, and temperatures reaching 392 degF [200 degC]

Medical-quality CT scanners with 3D image reconstruction capability

Full sample preparation (cleaning and plug extraction), including handling of frozen material

Image of a 4-in sample subjected to a hydraulic-fracture initiation test in a CT scanner. The fluid leakoff zone is visible as the lighter (more dense) region surrounding the prenotched wellbore and propagating fracture. The darker area in the upper left quadrant interacting with the leakoff zone is a lower-density region in the sample that has allowed the left wing of the fracture to preferentially propagate.

Instrumented sample stack ready for rock mechanics testing in a load frame. Axial and radial strains are measured during tests using pairs of fully calibrated cantilever strain gauges. Mechanical tests are routinely run at confining pressures of up to 50,000 psi and temperatures up to 392 degF [200 degC].

FEATURES Single-stage or multistage triaxial

compression tests Hydrostatic compression crush tests Unconfined compression tests Brazilian indirect tensile strength tests Direct-pull tension tests Thick-walled cylinder tests Pore volume compressibility tests Elevated temperature capability for thick-

walled cylinder and compression tests Thermal tests (thermal expansion,

steam injection, thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and specific heat)

Differential strain curve analysis tests Fracture toughness tests Brinell hardness tests Scratch tests for continuous

unconfined compressive strength and heterogeneity profiling

www.slb.com/TerraTek